Cell Transfection Global Market Report 2024

Description

Cell transfection is a technique in molecular biology used to introduce nucleic acids such as DNA, RNA, or oligonucleotides into eukaryotic cells. This method enables researchers to investigate gene function, protein expression, and other cellular processes by altering the genetic material of the cells. It is an essential tool in genetic engineering, drug discovery, and various areas of biomedical research.

The main methods of cell transfection include electroporation, lipofection, calcium phosphate, viral transfection, and others. Electroporation involves applying brief electrical pulses to create temporary pores in cell membranes, allowing genetic material or molecules to enter the cell. This technique is used for biomedical research, therapeutic delivery, and protein production by various end users, including academic and research institutes, pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, contract research organizations, and others.

The cell transfection market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides cell transfection market statistics, including cell transfection industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a cell transfection market share, detailed cell transfection market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the cell transfection industry. This cell transfection market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

The cell transfection market size has grown strongly in recent years. It will grow from $1.19 billion in 2023 to $1.29 billion in 2024 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9%. The growth during the historic period can be attributed to a surge in CRISPR and gene editing research, increased funding from governments and non-governmental organizations, a rise in clinical trials involving transfected cells, the expansion of academic research in molecular biology, and the growing popularity of high-throughput screening methods.

The cell transfection market size is expected to see strong growth in the next few years. It will grow to $1.83 billion in 2028 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.1%. The growth during the forecast period can be attributed to the increasing demand for gene therapy, the rising prevalence of chronic diseases, the expansion of biopharmaceutical manufacturing, growth in proteomics and genomics research, and the expanding applications of RNA-based therapeutics. Major trends expected include rising investment in biotech and pharmaceutical research and development, advancements in transfection technologies, the adoption of personalized medicine, the use of transfection in cancer research, and the development of novel transfection reagents and kits.

The rising incidence of infectious diseases is expected to drive the growth of the cell transfection market. Infectious diseases, caused by germs that spread through person-to-person contact or contaminated sources, have become more prevalent due to inadequate public health infrastructure, vaccine hesitancy, and misinformation. Cell transfection is a valuable tool for studying these diseases, as it allows researchers to introduce genes into cells to understand how infections affect them and to test new treatments. For example, a report from the Australian Bureau of Statistics in September 2023 noted that the death rate from influenza and pneumonia increased from 31.5 per 100,000 in 2021 to 42.6 per 100,000 in 2022. This rise in infectious disease cases is fueling the demand for cell transfection technologies.

Leading companies in the cell transfection market are incorporating innovations into their transfection systems to allow for precise control over gene expression. A transfection system introduces foreign nucleic acids into cells to study gene function, produce proteins, or modify gene expression. For instance, in July 2024, STEMCELL Technologies, a Canadian biotechnology firm, introduced the Cellpore transfection system. This advanced tool uses microfluidic technology to improve the delivery of macromolecules into cells, overcoming limitations of traditional methods. The system can handle up to 10 million cells per second and is suitable for large-scale applications. It works with various cell types, including T cells and hematopoietic stem cells, and can deliver different types of cargo, such as small molecules, RNA, proteins, and antibodies.

In July 2023, Sartorius AG, a German provider of pharmaceutical and laboratory equipment, acquired Polyplus-Transfection SA for $2.6 billion (€2.4 billion). This acquisition positions Sartorius and Polyplus as major players in the cell and gene therapies market, combining Sartorius's expertise with Polyplus's leadership in innovative cell transfection solutions. Polyplus-Transfection SA is a French company specializing in cell transfection technologies.

Major companies operating in the cell transfection market are Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Merck KGaA, Agilent Technologies Inc., Lonza Group AG, Sartorius AG, Sigma-Aldrich Corporation, Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc., QIAGEN N.V., Stemcell Technologies Inc., GenScript Biotech Corporation, Promega Corporation, Takara Bio Inc., Molecular Devices LLC, New England Biolabs Inc., CureVac SE, OriGene Technologies Inc., Tocris Bioscience, Vector Biolabs, Mirus Bio LLC, Addgene Inc., Altogen Biosystems, Cell Biolabs Inc., Cellecta Inc., ExCell Bio Inc., GeneCopoeia Inc.

North America was the largest region in the cell transfection market in 2023. Asia-Pacific is expected to be the fastest-growing region in the forecast period. The regions covered in the cell transfection market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa.

The countries covered in the cell transfection market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA, Canada, Italy, Spain.

The cell transfection market consists of revenues earned by entities by providing services such as stable cell line development, high-throughput transfection, transient transfection services and viral vector production. The market value includes the value of related goods sold by the service provider or included within the service offering. The cell transfection market also includes sales of reagents, kits, electroporation systems and other related products. Values in this market are 'factory gate' values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods.

The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified).

The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products.

Cell Transfection Global Market Report 2024 from The Business Research Company provides strategists, marketers and senior management with the critical information they need to assess the market.

This report focuses on cell transfection market which is experiencing strong growth. The report gives a guide to the trends which will be shaping the market over the next ten years and beyond.

Reasons to Purchase

Gain a truly global perspective with the most comprehensive report available on this market covering 50+ geographies.
Understand how the market has been affected by the COVID-19 and how it is responding as the impact of the virus abates.
Assess the Russia - Ukraine war's impact on agriculture, energy and mineral commodity supply and its direct and indirect impact on the market.
Measure the impact of high global inflation on market growth.
Create regional and country strategies on the basis of local data and analysis.
Identify growth segments for investment.
Outperform competitors using forecast data and the drivers and trends shaping the market.
Understand customers based on the latest market shares.
Benchmark performance against key competitors.
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Where is the largest and fastest growing market for cell transfection ? How does the market relate to the overall economy, demography and other similar markets? What forces will shape the market going forward? The cell transfection market global report from the Business Research Company answers all these questions and many more.

The report covers market characteristics, size and growth, segmentation, regional and country breakdowns, competitive landscape, market shares, trends and strategies for this market. It traces the market's historic and forecast market growth by geography.

The market characteristics section of the report defines and explains the market.
The market size section gives the market size ($b) covering both the historic growth of the market, and forecasting its development.
The forecasts are made after considering the major factors currently impacting the market. These include:

The impact of sanctions, supply chain disruptions, and altered demand for goods and services due to the Russian Ukraine war, impacting various macro-economic factors and parameters in the Eastern European region and its subsequent effect on global markets.

The impact of higher inflation in many countries and the resulting spike in interest rates.

The continued but declining impact of COVID-19 on supply chains and consumption patterns.

Market segmentations break down the market into sub markets.
The regional and country breakdowns section gives an analysis of the market in each geography and the size of the market by geography and compares their historic and forecast growth. It covers the growth trajectory of COVID-19 for all regions, key developed countries and major emerging markets.
The competitive landscape chapter gives a description of the competitive nature of the market, market shares, and a description of the leading companies. Key financial deals which have shaped the market in recent years are identified.
The trends and strategies section analyses the shape of the market as it emerges from the crisis and suggests how companies can grow as the market recovers.

Scope

Markets Covered:1) By Method: Electroporation; Lipofection; Calcium Phosphate; Viral Transfection; Other Methods
2) By Application: Biomedical Research; Therapeutic Delivery; Protein Production
3) By End User: Academic And Research Institutes; Pharmaceutical And Biotechnology Companies; Contract Research Organizations; Other End Users
Companies Mentioned: Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.; Merck KGaA; Agilent Technologies Inc.; Lonza Group AG; Sartorius AG
Countries: Australia; Brazil; China; France; Germany; India; Indonesia; Japan; Russia; South Korea; UK; USA; Canada; Italy; Spain
Regions: Asia-Pacific; Western Europe; Eastern Europe; North America; South America; Middle East; Africa
Time series: Five years historic and ten years forecast.
Data: Ratios of market size and growth to related markets, GDP proportions, expenditure per capita,
Data segmentations: country and regional historic and forecast data, market share of competitors, market segments.
Sourcing and Referencing: Data and analysis throughout the report is sourced using end notes.
Delivery format: PDF, Word and Excel Data Dashboard.

Product Code: r20516

1. Executive Summary

2. Cell Transfection Market Characteristics

3. Cell Transfection Market Trends And Strategies

4. Cell Transfection Market - Macro Economic Scenario

4.1. Impact Of High Inflation On The Market
4.2. Ukraine-Russia War Impact On The Market
4.3. COVID-19 Impact On The Market

5. Global Cell Transfection Market Size and Growth

5.1. Global Cell Transfection Market Drivers and Restraints
- 5.1.1. Drivers Of The Market
- 5.1.2. Restraints Of The Market
5.2. Global Cell Transfection Historic Market Size and Growth, 2018 - 2023, Value ($ Billion)
5.3. Global Cell Transfection Forecast Market Size and Growth, 2023 - 2028, 2033F, Value ($ Billion)

6. Cell Transfection Market Segmentation

6.1. Global Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Electroporation
Lipofection
Calcium Phosphate
Viral Transfection
Other Methods
6.2. Global Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Biomedical Research
Therapeutic Delivery
Protein Production
6.3. Global Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Academic And Research Institutes
Pharmaceutical And Biotechnology Companies
Contract Research Organizations
Other End Users

7. Cell Transfection Market Regional And Country Analysis

7.1. Global Cell Transfection Market, Split By Region, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
7.2. Global Cell Transfection Market, Split By Country, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

8. Asia-Pacific Cell Transfection Market

8.1. Asia-Pacific Cell Transfection Market Overview
Region Information, Impact Of COVID-19, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
8.2. Asia-Pacific Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
8.3. Asia-Pacific Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
8.4. Asia-Pacific Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

9. China Cell Transfection Market

9.1. China Cell Transfection Market Overview
9.2. China Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
9.3. China Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
9.4. China Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion

10. India Cell Transfection Market

10.1. India Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
10.2. India Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
10.3. India Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

11. Japan Cell Transfection Market

11.1. Japan Cell Transfection Market Overview
11.2. Japan Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
11.3. Japan Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
11.4. Japan Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

12. Australia Cell Transfection Market

12.1. Australia Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
12.2. Australia Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
12.3. Australia Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

13. Indonesia Cell Transfection Market

13.1. Indonesia Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
13.2. Indonesia Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
13.3. Indonesia Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

14. South Korea Cell Transfection Market

14.1. South Korea Cell Transfection Market Overview
14.2. South Korea Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
14.3. South Korea Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
14.4. South Korea Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

15. Western Europe Cell Transfection Market

15.1. Western Europe Cell Transfection Market Overview
15.2. Western Europe Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
15.3. Western Europe Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
15.4. Western Europe Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

16. UK Cell Transfection Market

16.1. UK Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
16.2. UK Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
16.3. UK Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

17. Germany Cell Transfection Market

17.1. Germany Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
17.2. Germany Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
17.3. Germany Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

18. France Cell Transfection Market

18.1. France Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
18.2. France Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
18.3. France Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

19. Italy Cell Transfection Market

19.1. Italy Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
19.2. Italy Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
19.3. Italy Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

20. Spain Cell Transfection Market

20.1. Spain Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
20.2. Spain Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
20.3. Spain Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

21. Eastern Europe Cell Transfection Market

21.1. Eastern Europe Cell Transfection Market Overview
21.2. Eastern Europe Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
21.3. Eastern Europe Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
21.4. Eastern Europe Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

22. Russia Cell Transfection Market

22.1. Russia Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
22.2. Russia Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
22.3. Russia Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

23. North America Cell Transfection Market

23.1. North America Cell Transfection Market Overview
23.2. North America Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
23.3. North America Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
23.4. North America Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

24. USA Cell Transfection Market

24.1. USA Cell Transfection Market Overview
24.2. USA Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
24.3. USA Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
24.4. USA Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

25. Canada Cell Transfection Market

25.1. Canada Cell Transfection Market Overview
25.2. Canada Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
25.3. Canada Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
25.4. Canada Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

26. South America Cell Transfection Market

26.1. South America Cell Transfection Market Overview
26.2. South America Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
26.3. South America Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
26.4. South America Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

27. Brazil Cell Transfection Market

27.1. Brazil Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
27.2. Brazil Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
27.3. Brazil Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

28. Middle East Cell Transfection Market

28.1. Middle East Cell Transfection Market Overview
28.2. Middle East Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
28.3. Middle East Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
28.4. Middle East Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

29. Africa Cell Transfection Market

29.1. Africa Cell Transfection Market Overview
29.2. Africa Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Method, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
29.3. Africa Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
29.4. Africa Cell Transfection Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

30. Cell Transfection Market Competitive Landscape And Company Profiles

30.1. Cell Transfection Market Competitive Landscape
30.2. Cell Transfection Market Company Profiles
- 30.2.1. Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc.
  - 30.2.1.1. Overview
  - 30.2.1.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.1.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.1.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.2. Merck KGaA
  - 30.2.2.1. Overview
  - 30.2.2.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.2.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.2.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.3. Agilent Technologies Inc.
  - 30.2.3.1. Overview
  - 30.2.3.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.3.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.3.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.4. Lonza Group AG
  - 30.2.4.1. Overview
  - 30.2.4.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.4.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.4.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.5. Sartorius AG
  - 30.2.5.1. Overview
  - 30.2.5.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.5.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.5.4. Financial Performance

31. Cell Transfection Market Other Major And Innovative Companies

31.1. Sigma-Aldrich Corporation
31.2. Bio-Rad Laboratories Inc.
31.3. QIAGEN N.V.
31.4. Stemcell Technologies Inc.
31.5. GenScript Biotech Corporation
31.6. Promega Corporation
31.7. Takara Bio Inc.
31.8. Molecular Devices LLC
31.9. New England Biolabs Inc.
31.10. CureVac SE
31.11. OriGene Technologies Inc.
31.12. Tocris Bioscience
31.13. Vector Biolabs
31.14. Mirus Bio LLC
31.15. Addgene Inc.

32. Global Cell Transfection Market Competitive Benchmarking

33. Global Cell Transfection Market Competitive Dashboard

34. Key Mergers And Acquisitions In The Cell Transfection Market

35. Cell Transfection Market Future Outlook and Potential Analysis

35.1 Cell Transfection Market In 2028 - Countries Offering Most New Opportunities
35.2 Cell Transfection Market In 2028 - Segments Offering Most New Opportunities
35.3 Cell Transfection Market In 2028 - Growth Strategies
- 35.3.1 Market Trend Based Strategies
- 35.3.2 Competitor Strategies

36. Appendix

36.1. Abbreviations
36.2. Currencies
36.3. Historic And Forecast Inflation Rates
36.4. Research Inquiries
36.5. The Business Research Company
36.6. Copyright And Disclaimer