Cash Advance Services Global Market Report 2024

Description

Cash advance services are financial services that enable individuals to access cash or funds from their credit card or bank account. These services offer immediate liquidity under specific conditions and fees.

The main types of cash advance services include credit card cash advances, merchant cash advances, payday loans, and others. A credit card cash advance allows cardholders to withdraw cash from their credit card account, usually up to a specified limit. These services can be accessed through various methods, including online and offline, and are provided by different service providers such as banks and credit card companies. They serve a range of end users, including both personal and commercial clients.

The cash advance services market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides cash advance services market statistics, including cash advance services industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a cash advance services market share, detailed cash advance services market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the cash advance services industry. This cash advance services market research report delivers a complete perspective on everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenarios of the industry.

The cash advance services market size has grown strongly in recent years. It will grow from $83.26 billion in 2023 to $91.02 billion in 2024 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.3%. The growth during the historic period can be attributed to economic instability, high levels of consumer debt, restricted access to traditional credit, a heightened demand for quick cash solutions, increasing use of credit cards, and elevated interest rates on personal loans.

The cash advance services market size is expected to see strong growth in the next few years. It will grow to $131.50 billion in 2028 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.6%. The growth expected during the forecast period can be attributed to rising consumer demand for instant financial solutions, the expansion of fintech companies providing alternative credit products, increased awareness of flexible repayment options, economic uncertainty impacting consumer spending, and a higher use of credit and debit cards. Major trends for this period include the growing adoption of digital platforms for quick access to funds, greater integration of artificial intelligence for credit assessment, increasing demand for flexible repayment options, the expansion of cash advance services into emerging markets, improved regulatory frameworks for consumer protection, and a rise in partnerships between fintech companies and traditional financial institutions.

The growing demand for immediate cash access is anticipated to drive the expansion of the cash advance services market. Immediate cash access refers to obtaining cash quickly through mechanisms such as ATMs, bank withdrawals, or cash advances to address urgent financial needs. The increase in demand for immediate cash access is driven by rising living costs, unforeseen expenses, and the shift towards cashless transactions. Cash advance services, provided by credit cards, payday lenders, and ATMs, offer a rapid and accessible way to obtain cash. The appeal of accessing funds without extensive paperwork or lengthy approval processes attracts consumers in need of immediate financial solutions. For example, in January 2023, Link Scheme Holdings Ltd., a UK-based cash access and ATM network company, reported that the total value of cash withdrawals at ATMs reached £83 billion ($106.54 billion) in 2022, an increase from £79 billion in 2021. Consequently, the high demand for immediate cash access is fueling the growth of the cash advance services market.

Leading companies in the cash advance services market are concentrating on developing innovative technologies, such as point-of-sale (POS) cash advances, to enhance user experiences. POS cash advances enable businesses to receive upfront funds, which are then repaid through a portion of their daily sales processed via POS systems. For instance, in August 2023, SumUp, a UK-based fintech company, introduced SumUp Cash Advance, a point-of-sale cash advance solution designed to provide short-term financing to merchants based on their payment history. This service is supported by a $100 million credit facility from the alternative investment firm Victory Park Capital (VPC), allowing SumUp to offer advance payments to merchants, with an initial launch in the UK market and plans for expansion to other European countries.

In February 2024, Capital One Financial Corporation, a US-based financial services company, acquired Discover Financial Services for $35.3 billion. This acquisition aims to enhance Capital One's payments and banking capabilities, thereby strengthening its position in the payment network sector. Discover Financial Services is a US-based company specializing in lending products and payment services.

Major companies operating in the cash advance services market are Wells Fargo & Co., American Express Company, PayPal Holdings Inc., Square Inc., Stripe Inc., Worldpay Inc., Advance America Cash Advance Centers Inc., SoFi Technologies Inc., TMX Finance LLC, ACE Cash Express Inc., Speedy Cash LLC, Lendio Inc., Moneytree Inc., CAN Capital Inc., BlueVine Inc., National Business Capital and Services Inc., LendNation Inc., Fundbox Inc., MoneyMutual Inc., LendUp Inc., Blue Trust Loans LLC, CashNetUSA Inc., Finova Capital LLC, Payday Express Inc.

North America was the largest region in the cash advance services market in 2023. The regions covered in the cash advance services market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa.

The countries covered in the cash advance services market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA, Canada, Italy, Spain.

The cash advance services market includes revenues earned by entities through short-term loans, credit card short loans, and installment loans. The market value includes the value of related goods sold by the service provider or included within the service offering. Only goods and services traded between entities or sold to end consumers are included.

The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified).

The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products.

Cash Advance Services Global Market Report 2024 from The Business Research Company provides strategists, marketers and senior management with the critical information they need to assess the market.

This report focuses on cash advance services market which is experiencing strong growth. The report gives a guide to the trends which will be shaping the market over the next ten years and beyond.

Reasons to Purchase

Gain a truly global perspective with the most comprehensive report available on this market covering 50+ geographies.
Understand how the market has been affected by the COVID-19 and how it is responding as the impact of the virus abates.
Assess the Russia - Ukraine war's impact on agriculture, energy and mineral commodity supply and its direct and indirect impact on the market.
Measure the impact of high global inflation on market growth.
Create regional and country strategies on the basis of local data and analysis.
Identify growth segments for investment.
Outperform competitors using forecast data and the drivers and trends shaping the market.
Understand customers based on the latest market shares.
Benchmark performance against key competitors.
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Report will be updated with the latest data and delivered to you within 3-5 working days of order along with an Excel data sheet for easy data extraction and analysis.
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Where is the largest and fastest growing market for cash advance services ? How does the market relate to the overall economy, demography and other similar markets? What forces will shape the market going forward? The cash advance services market global report from the Business Research Company answers all these questions and many more.

The report covers market characteristics, size and growth, segmentation, regional and country breakdowns, competitive landscape, market shares, trends and strategies for this market. It traces the market's historic and forecast market growth by geography.

The market characteristics section of the report defines and explains the market.
The market size section gives the market size ($b) covering both the historic growth of the market, and forecasting its development.
The forecasts are made after considering the major factors currently impacting the market. These include:

The impact of sanctions, supply chain disruptions, and altered demand for goods and services due to the Russian Ukraine war, impacting various macro-economic factors and parameters in the Eastern European region and its subsequent effect on global markets.

The impact of higher inflation in many countries and the resulting spike in interest rates.

The continued but declining impact of COVID-19 on supply chains and consumption patterns.

Market segmentations break down the market into sub markets.
The regional and country breakdowns section gives an analysis of the market in each geography and the size of the market by geography and compares their historic and forecast growth. It covers the growth trajectory of COVID-19 for all regions, key developed countries and major emerging markets.
The competitive landscape chapter gives a description of the competitive nature of the market, market shares, and a description of the leading companies. Key financial deals which have shaped the market in recent years are identified.
The trends and strategies section analyses the shape of the market as it emerges from the crisis and suggests how companies can grow as the market recovers.

Scope

Markets Covered:1) By Type: Credit Card Cash Advance; Merchant Cash Advance; Payday Loans; Other Types
2) By Deployment: Online; Offline
3) By Service Provider: Bank; Credit Card Companies; Other Service Providers
4) By End User: Personal; Commercial
Companies Mentioned: Wells Fargo & Co.; American Express Company; PayPal Holdings Inc.; Square Inc.; Stripe Inc.
Countries: Australia; Brazil; China; France; Germany; India; Indonesia; Japan; Russia; South Korea; UK; USA; Canada; Italy; Spain
Regions: Asia-Pacific; Western Europe; Eastern Europe; North America; South America; Middle East; Africa
Time series: Five years historic and ten years forecast.
Data: Ratios of market size and growth to related markets, GDP proportions, expenditure per capita,
Data segmentations: country and regional historic and forecast data, market share of competitors, market segments.
Sourcing and Referencing: Data and analysis throughout the report is sourced using end notes.
Delivery format: PDF, Word and Excel Data Dashboard.

Product Code: r19600

1. Executive Summary

2. Cash Advance Services Market Characteristics

3. Cash Advance Services Market Trends And Strategies

4. Cash Advance Services Market - Macro Economic Scenario

4.1. Impact Of High Inflation On The Market
4.2. Ukraine-Russia War Impact On The Market
4.3. COVID-19 Impact On The Market

5. Global Cash Advance Services Market Size and Growth

5.1. Global Cash Advance Services Market Drivers and Restraints
- 5.1.1. Drivers Of The Market
- 5.1.2. Restraints Of The Market
5.2. Global Cash Advance Services Historic Market Size and Growth, 2018 - 2023, Value ($ Billion)
5.3. Global Cash Advance Services Forecast Market Size and Growth, 2023 - 2028, 2033F, Value ($ Billion)

6. Cash Advance Services Market Segmentation

6.1. Global Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Credit Card Cash Advance
Merchant Cash Advance
Payday Loans
Other Types
6.2. Global Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Deployment, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Online
Offline
6.3. Global Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Bank
Credit Card Companies
Other Service Providers
6.4. Global Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Personal
Commercial

7. Cash Advance Services Market Regional And Country Analysis

7.1. Global Cash Advance Services Market, Split By Region, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
7.2. Global Cash Advance Services Market, Split By Country, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

8. Asia-Pacific Cash Advance Services Market

8.1. Asia-Pacific Cash Advance Services Market Overview
Region Information, Impact Of COVID-19, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
8.2. Asia-Pacific Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
8.3. Asia-Pacific Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
8.4. Asia-Pacific Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

9. China Cash Advance Services Market

9.1. China Cash Advance Services Market Overview
9.2. China Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
9.3. China Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
9.4. China Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion

10. India Cash Advance Services Market

10.1. India Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
10.2. India Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
10.3. India Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

11. Japan Cash Advance Services Market

11.1. Japan Cash Advance Services Market Overview
11.2. Japan Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
11.3. Japan Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
11.4. Japan Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

12. Australia Cash Advance Services Market

12.1. Australia Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
12.2. Australia Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
12.3. Australia Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

13. Indonesia Cash Advance Services Market

13.1. Indonesia Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
13.2. Indonesia Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
13.3. Indonesia Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

14. South Korea Cash Advance Services Market

14.1. South Korea Cash Advance Services Market Overview
14.2. South Korea Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
14.3. South Korea Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
14.4. South Korea Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

15. Western Europe Cash Advance Services Market

15.1. Western Europe Cash Advance Services Market Overview
15.2. Western Europe Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
15.3. Western Europe Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
15.4. Western Europe Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

16. UK Cash Advance Services Market

16.1. UK Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
16.2. UK Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
16.3. UK Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

17. Germany Cash Advance Services Market

17.1. Germany Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
17.2. Germany Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
17.3. Germany Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

18. France Cash Advance Services Market

18.1. France Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
18.2. France Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
18.3. France Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

19. Italy Cash Advance Services Market

19.1. Italy Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
19.2. Italy Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
19.3. Italy Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

20. Spain Cash Advance Services Market

20.1. Spain Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
20.2. Spain Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
20.3. Spain Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

21. Eastern Europe Cash Advance Services Market

21.1. Eastern Europe Cash Advance Services Market Overview
21.2. Eastern Europe Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
21.3. Eastern Europe Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
21.4. Eastern Europe Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

22. Russia Cash Advance Services Market

22.1. Russia Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
22.2. Russia Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
22.3. Russia Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

23. North America Cash Advance Services Market

23.1. North America Cash Advance Services Market Overview
23.2. North America Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
23.3. North America Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
23.4. North America Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

24. USA Cash Advance Services Market

24.1. USA Cash Advance Services Market Overview
24.2. USA Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
24.3. USA Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
24.4. USA Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

25. Canada Cash Advance Services Market

25.1. Canada Cash Advance Services Market Overview
25.2. Canada Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
25.3. Canada Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
25.4. Canada Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

26. South America Cash Advance Services Market

26.1. South America Cash Advance Services Market Overview
26.2. South America Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
26.3. South America Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
26.4. South America Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

27. Brazil Cash Advance Services Market

27.1. Brazil Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
27.2. Brazil Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
27.3. Brazil Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

28. Middle East Cash Advance Services Market

28.1. Middle East Cash Advance Services Market Overview
28.2. Middle East Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
28.3. Middle East Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
28.4. Middle East Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

29. Africa Cash Advance Services Market

29.1. Africa Cash Advance Services Market Overview
29.2. Africa Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
29.3. Africa Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By Service Provider, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
29.4. Africa Cash Advance Services Market, Segmentation By End User, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

30. Cash Advance Services Market Competitive Landscape And Company Profiles

30.1. Cash Advance Services Market Competitive Landscape
30.2. Cash Advance Services Market Company Profiles
- 30.2.1. Wells Fargo & Co.
  - 30.2.1.1. Overview
  - 30.2.1.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.1.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.1.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.2. American Express Company
  - 30.2.2.1. Overview
  - 30.2.2.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.2.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.2.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.3. PayPal Holdings Inc.
  - 30.2.3.1. Overview
  - 30.2.3.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.3.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.3.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.4. Square Inc.
  - 30.2.4.1. Overview
  - 30.2.4.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.4.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.4.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.5. Stripe Inc.
  - 30.2.5.1. Overview
  - 30.2.5.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.5.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.5.4. Financial Performance

31. Cash Advance Services Market Other Major And Innovative Companies

31.1. Worldpay Inc.
31.2. Advance America Cash Advance Centers Inc.
31.3. SoFi Technologies Inc.
31.4. TMX Finance LLC
31.5. ACE Cash Express Inc.
31.6. Speedy Cash LLC
31.7. Lendio Inc.
31.8. Moneytree Inc.
31.9. CAN Capital Inc.
31.10. BlueVine Inc.
31.11. National Business Capital and Services Inc.
31.12. LendNation Inc.
31.13. Fundbox Inc.
31.14. MoneyMutual Inc.
31.15. LendUp Inc.

32. Global Cash Advance Services Market Competitive Benchmarking

33. Global Cash Advance Services Market Competitive Dashboard

34. Key Mergers And Acquisitions In The Cash Advance Services Market

35. Cash Advance Services Market Future Outlook and Potential Analysis

35.1 Cash Advance Services Market In 2028 - Countries Offering Most New Opportunities
35.2 Cash Advance Services Market In 2028 - Segments Offering Most New Opportunities
35.3 Cash Advance Services Market In 2028 - Growth Strategies
- 35.3.1 Market Trend Based Strategies
- 35.3.2 Competitor Strategies

36. Appendix

36.1. Abbreviations
36.2. Currencies
36.3. Historic And Forecast Inflation Rates
36.4. Research Inquiries
36.5. The Business Research Company
36.6. Copyright And Disclaimer