Engine Flush Global Market Report 2024

Description

Engine flush is a process that utilizes specially formulated chemicals to eliminate sludge, deposits, and other contaminants from the interior of an engine. This procedure goes beyond regular oil changes, effectively cleaning buildup that can impair engine performance. By removing harmful deposits and sludge, engine flushes contribute to smoother and more efficient engine operation, prevent potential damage, improve overall efficiency, and extend the engine's lifespan.

The primary types of engines for which engine flushes are used include petrol (gasoline) engines and diesel engines. Petrol engines operate using petrol as their fuel source in internal combustion engines. Engine oils used can be fully synthetic, semi-synthetic, or mineral oils. End users of engine flush services span across automotive, industrial equipment, and marine sectors.

The engine flush market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides engine flush market statistics, including engine flush industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a engine flush market share, detailed engine flush market segments, market trends, and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the engine flush industry. This engine flush market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

The engine flush market size has grown steadily in recent years. It will grow from $1.64 billion in 2023 to $1.72 billion in 2024 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.8%. The growth observed in the historic period can be attributed to several factors, including the global increase in vehicle ownership, heightened awareness of the importance of engine maintenance, expansion of the automotive industry, longer vehicle lifespans, and the growing availability of engine flush products.

The engine flush market size is expected to see steady growth in the next few years. It will grow to $2.09 billion in 2028 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.9%. In the forecast period, growth can be attributed to the increasing demand for maintenance products, rising awareness about the advantages of engine flush products, expansion of the global commercial vehicle fleet, higher sales of used vehicles, and growing consumer preference for preventive maintenance to prolong engine life. Major trends anticipated in this period include advancements in eco-friendly and biodegradable engine flush solutions, adoption of automated engine flush systems in service centers, integration of IoT (Internet of Things) for real-time monitoring, development of advanced chemical formulations, and incorporation of synthetic detergents.

The anticipated increase in vehicle production is set to drive growth in the engine flush market moving forward. Vehicles encompass modes of transportation powered by internal combustion engines and electric motors, designed for transporting passengers and goods. This rise in production is driven by expanding consumer demands, advancements in automotive manufacturing technology, and the globalization of markets. The engine flush market benefits significantly from this production surge, as it sees heightened demand for products that enhance engine maintenance and efficiency in automotive applications. For example, according to the Automobile Manufacturers Association in May 2023, global motor vehicle production increased by 5.7% in 2022, totaling 85.4 million vehicles compared to the previous year. This growth underscores how increased vehicle production is propelling the engine flush market forward.

Key players in the engine flush market are innovating with advanced solutions, introducing products such as high-efficiency engine flushes that integrate enhanced environmental sustainability features. These products are designed to comprehensively clean internal engine components, removing deposits and contaminants to improve efficiency. For instance, BG Products, a US-based biopharmaceutical company, launched the Astratech range in October 2022. These products utilize advanced chemistry, such as polyether amine, to clean combustion chambers and fuel injectors effectively, enhancing engine performance and longevity at competitive pricing. The Astratech PA-01 Engine Flush, known for its ability to remove old oil and sludge while restoring compression and reducing blow-by, exemplifies the advancements in automotive chemical technology.

In March 2023, Aramco, a Saudi Arabia-based petroleum refineries company, acquired Valvoline Inc. to strategically enhance its global lubricants business. This acquisition aims to leverage Valvoline's established brand and extensive market presence in automotive lubricants, including engine oils and transmission fluids, to expand Aramco's downstream portfolio and strengthen relationships with original equipment manufacturers worldwide.

Major companies operating in the engine flush market are ExxonMobil, Royal Dutch Shell, TotalEnergies (TTE), ENEOS Corporation, Petronas Lubricant International Sdn Bhd, 3M, Wurth Group, Wynn's, Fuchs Group, Ashland Inc., Berner AS (Berner Group Holding SE & Co. KG), Valvoline Inc., ZEP Inc., LIQUI MOLY GmbH, Amsoil Inc, Lucas Oil Products, Inc., CRC Industries Inc., BG Products, Inc., Penrite Oil Company, Motul, Millers Oils, BARDAHL Manufacturing Corporation, STP Products Company, BULLSONE Co. Ltd, Sea Foam Sales Company, International Lubricants, Inc., Rymax Lubricants, Berryman Products, Inc., Tec4 Lubricants Ltd, Royal Purple

North America was the largest region in the engine flush market in 2023. Asia-Pacific is expected to be the fastest-growing region in the forecast period. The regions covered in the engine flush market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa.

The countries covered in the engine flush market report are Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA, Canada, Italy, Spain.

The engine flush market consists of sales of engine flush fluids, engine cleaners, and engine oil. Values in this market are 'factory gate' values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors and retailers) or directly to end customers. The value of goods in this market includes related services sold by the creators of the goods.

The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified).

The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products.

Engine Flush Global Market Report 2024 from The Business Research Company provides strategists, marketers and senior management with the critical information they need to assess the market.

This report focuses on engine flush market which is experiencing strong growth. The report gives a guide to the trends which will be shaping the market over the next ten years and beyond.

Reasons to Purchase

Gain a truly global perspective with the most comprehensive report available on this market covering 50+ geographies.
Understand how the market has been affected by the COVID-19 and how it is responding as the impact of the virus abates.
Assess the Russia - Ukraine war's impact on agriculture, energy and mineral commodity supply and its direct and indirect impact on the market.
Measure the impact of high global inflation on market growth.
Create regional and country strategies on the basis of local data and analysis.
Identify growth segments for investment.
Outperform competitors using forecast data and the drivers and trends shaping the market.
Understand customers based on the latest market shares.
Benchmark performance against key competitors.
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Report will be updated with the latest data and delivered to you within 3-5 working days of order along with an Excel data sheet for easy data extraction and analysis.
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Where is the largest and fastest growing market for engine flush ? How does the market relate to the overall economy, demography and other similar markets? What forces will shape the market going forward? The engine flush market global report from the Business Research Company answers all these questions and many more.

The report covers market characteristics, size and growth, segmentation, regional and country breakdowns, competitive landscape, market shares, trends and strategies for this market. It traces the market's historic and forecast market growth by geography.

The market characteristics section of the report defines and explains the market.
The market size section gives the market size ($b) covering both the historic growth of the market, and forecasting its development.
The forecasts are made after considering the major factors currently impacting the market. These include:

The impact of sanctions, supply chain disruptions, and altered demand for goods and services due to the Russian Ukraine war, impacting various macro-economic factors and parameters in the Eastern European region and its subsequent effect on global markets.

The impact of higher inflation in many countries and the resulting spike in interest rates.

The continued but declining impact of COVID-19 on supply chains and consumption patterns.

Market segmentations break down the market into sub markets.
The regional and country breakdowns section gives an analysis of the market in each geography and the size of the market by geography and compares their historic and forecast growth. It covers the growth trajectory of COVID-19 for all regions, key developed countries and major emerging markets.
The competitive landscape chapter gives a description of the competitive nature of the market, market shares, and a description of the leading companies. Key financial deals which have shaped the market in recent years are identified.
The trends and strategies section analyses the shape of the market as it emerges from the crisis and suggests how companies can grow as the market recovers.

Scope

Markets Covered:1) By Engine Type: Petrol Engines; Diesel Engines
2) By Engine Oil Type: Fully Synthetic Oil; Semi Synthetic Oil; Mineral Oil
3) By End Use: Automotive; Industrial Equipment; Marine
Companies Mentioned: ExxonMobil; Royal Dutch Shell; TotalEnergies (TTE); ENEOS Corporation; Petronas Lubricant International Sdn Bhd
Countries: Australia; Brazil; China; France; Germany; India; Indonesia; Japan; Russia; South Korea; UK; USA; Canada; Italy; Spain
Regions: Asia-Pacific; Western Europe; Eastern Europe; North America; South America; Middle East; Africa
Time series: Five years historic and ten years forecast.
Data: Ratios of market size and growth to related markets, GDP proportions, expenditure per capita,
Data segmentations: country and regional historic and forecast data, market share of competitors, market segments.
Sourcing and Referencing: Data and analysis throughout the report is sourced using end notes.
Delivery format: PDF, Word and Excel Data Dashboard.

Product Code: r19361

1. Executive Summary

2. Engine Flush Market Characteristics

3. Engine Flush Market Trends And Strategies

4. Engine Flush Market - Macro Economic Scenario

4.1. Impact Of High Inflation On The Market
4.2. Ukraine-Russia War Impact On The Market
4.3. COVID-19 Impact On The Market

5. Global Engine Flush Market Size and Growth

5.1. Global Engine Flush Market Drivers and Restraints
- 5.1.1. Drivers Of The Market
- 5.1.2. Restraints Of The Market
5.2. Global Engine Flush Historic Market Size and Growth, 2018 - 2023, Value ($ Billion)
5.3. Global Engine Flush Forecast Market Size and Growth, 2023 - 2028, 2033F, Value ($ Billion)

6. Engine Flush Market Segmentation

6.1. Global Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Petrol Engines
Diesel Engines
6.2. Global Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Fully Synthetic Oil
Semi Synthetic Oil
Mineral Oil
6.3. Global Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Automotive
Industrial Equipment
Marine

7. Engine Flush Market Regional And Country Analysis

7.1. Global Engine Flush Market, Split By Region, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
7.2. Global Engine Flush Market, Split By Country, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

8. Asia-Pacific Engine Flush Market

8.1. Asia-Pacific Engine Flush Market Overview
Region Information, Impact Of COVID-19, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
8.2. Asia-Pacific Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
8.3. Asia-Pacific Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
8.4. Asia-Pacific Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

9. China Engine Flush Market

9.1. China Engine Flush Market Overview
9.2. China Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
9.3. China Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
9.4. China Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion

10. India Engine Flush Market

10.1. India Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
10.2. India Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
10.3. India Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

11. Japan Engine Flush Market

11.1. Japan Engine Flush Market Overview
11.2. Japan Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
11.3. Japan Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
11.4. Japan Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

12. Australia Engine Flush Market

12.1. Australia Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
12.2. Australia Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
12.3. Australia Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

13. Indonesia Engine Flush Market

13.1. Indonesia Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
13.2. Indonesia Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
13.3. Indonesia Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

14. South Korea Engine Flush Market

14.1. South Korea Engine Flush Market Overview
14.2. South Korea Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
14.3. South Korea Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
14.4. South Korea Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

15. Western Europe Engine Flush Market

15.1. Western Europe Engine Flush Market Overview
15.2. Western Europe Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
15.3. Western Europe Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
15.4. Western Europe Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

16. UK Engine Flush Market

16.1. UK Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
16.2. UK Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
16.3. UK Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

17. Germany Engine Flush Market

17.1. Germany Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
17.2. Germany Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
17.3. Germany Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

18. France Engine Flush Market

18.1. France Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
18.2. France Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
18.3. France Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

19. Italy Engine Flush Market

19.1. Italy Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
19.2. Italy Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
19.3. Italy Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

20. Spain Engine Flush Market

20.1. Spain Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
20.2. Spain Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
20.3. Spain Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

21. Eastern Europe Engine Flush Market

21.1. Eastern Europe Engine Flush Market Overview
21.2. Eastern Europe Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
21.3. Eastern Europe Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
21.4. Eastern Europe Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

22. Russia Engine Flush Market

22.1. Russia Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
22.2. Russia Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
22.3. Russia Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

23. North America Engine Flush Market

23.1. North America Engine Flush Market Overview
23.2. North America Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
23.3. North America Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
23.4. North America Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

24. USA Engine Flush Market

24.1. USA Engine Flush Market Overview
24.2. USA Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
24.3. USA Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
24.4. USA Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

25. Canada Engine Flush Market

25.1. Canada Engine Flush Market Overview
25.2. Canada Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
25.3. Canada Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
25.4. Canada Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

26. South America Engine Flush Market

26.1. South America Engine Flush Market Overview
26.2. South America Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
26.3. South America Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
26.4. South America Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

27. Brazil Engine Flush Market

27.1. Brazil Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
27.2. Brazil Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
27.3. Brazil Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

28. Middle East Engine Flush Market

28.1. Middle East Engine Flush Market Overview
28.2. Middle East Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
28.3. Middle East Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
28.4. Middle East Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

29. Africa Engine Flush Market

29.1. Africa Engine Flush Market Overview
29.2. Africa Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
29.3. Africa Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By Engine Oil Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
29.4. Africa Engine Flush Market, Segmentation By End Use, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

30. Engine Flush Market Competitive Landscape And Company Profiles

30.1. Engine Flush Market Competitive Landscape
30.2. Engine Flush Market Company Profiles
- 30.2.1. ExxonMobil
  - 30.2.1.1. Overview
  - 30.2.1.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.1.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.1.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.2. Royal Dutch Shell
  - 30.2.2.1. Overview
  - 30.2.2.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.2.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.2.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.3. TotalEnergies (TTE)
  - 30.2.3.1. Overview
  - 30.2.3.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.3.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.3.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.4. ENEOS Corporation
  - 30.2.4.1. Overview
  - 30.2.4.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.4.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.4.4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.5. Petronas Lubricant International Sdn Bhd
  - 30.2.5.1. Overview
  - 30.2.5.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.5.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.5.4. Financial Performance

31. Engine Flush Market Other Major And Innovative Companies

31.1. 3M
31.2. Wurth Group
31.3. Wynn's
31.4. Fuchs Group
31.5. Ashland Inc.
31.6. Berner AS (Berner Group Holding SE & Co. KG)
31.7. Valvoline Inc.
31.8. ZEP Inc.
31.9. LIQUI MOLY GmbH
31.10. Amsoil Inc
31.11. Lucas Oil Products Inc.
31.12. CRC Industries Inc.
31.13. BG Products Inc.
31.14. Penrite Oil Company
31.15. Motul

32. Global Engine Flush Market Competitive Benchmarking

33. Global Engine Flush Market Competitive Dashboard

34. Key Mergers And Acquisitions In The Engine Flush Market

35. Engine Flush Market Future Outlook and Potential Analysis

35.1 Engine Flush Market In 2028 - Countries Offering Most New Opportunities
35.2 Engine Flush Market In 2028 - Segments Offering Most New Opportunities
35.3 Engine Flush Market In 2028 - Growth Strategies
- 35.3.1 Market Trend Based Strategies
- 35.3.2 Competitor Strategies

36. Appendix

36.1. Abbreviations
36.2. Currencies
36.3. Historic And Forecast Inflation Rates
36.4. Research Inquiries
36.5. The Business Research Company
36.6. Copyright And Disclaimer