Plant Extracts Global Market Report 2024

Description

“Plant Extracts Global Market Report 2024 ” from The Business Research Company provides strategists, marketers and senior management with the critical information they need to assess the market.

This report focuses on plant extracts market which is experiencing strong growth. The report gives a guide to the trends which will be shaping the market over the next ten years and beyond.

Reasons to Purchase

Gain a truly global perspective with the most comprehensive report available on this market covering 50+ geographies.
Understand how the market has been affected by the COVID-19 and how it is responding as the impact of the virus abates.
Assess the Russia - Ukraine war's impact on agriculture, energy and mineral commodity supply and its direct and indirect impact on the market.
Measure the impact of high global inflation on market growth.
Create regional and country strategies on the basis of local data and analysis.
Identify growth segments for investment.
Outperform competitors using forecast data and the drivers and trends shaping the market.
Understand customers based on the latest market shares.
Benchmark performance against key competitors.
Suitable for supporting your internal and external presentations with reliable high quality data and analysis
Report will be updated with the latest data and delivered to you within 3-5 working days of order along with an Excel data sheet for easy data extraction and analysis.
All data from the report will also be delivered in an excel dashboard format.

Where is the largest and fastest growing market for plant extracts? How does the market relate to the overall economy, demography and other similar markets? What forces will shape the market going forward? “The plant extracts market global report ” from The Business Research Company answers all these questions and many more.

The report covers market characteristics, size and growth, segmentation, regional and country breakdowns, competitive landscape, market shares, trends and strategies for this market. It traces the market's historic and forecast market growth by geography.

Scope

Markets Covered:

1) By Type: Spices; Essential Oils and Natural Extracts; Flavors and Fragrance; Phytomedicines and Herbal Extracts; Phytochemicals; Other Types
2) By Source: Fruits, Flowers and Bulbs; Leaves; Rhizomes and Roots; Barks and Stems; Other Sources
3) By Application: Pharmaceuticals; Food and Beverages; Cosmetics; Other Applications
Companies Mentioned: Naturex S. A.; Berkem S. A.; Kuber Impex Ltd.; Network Nutrition Pty Limited; Organic Herb Inc.
Countries: Australia; Brazil; China; France; Germany; India; Indonesia; Japan; Russia; South Korea; UK; USA; Canada; Italy; Spain
Regions: Asia-Pacific; Western Europe; Eastern Europe; North America; South America; Middle East; Africa
Time series: Five years historic and ten years forecast.
Data: Ratios of market size and growth to related markets, GDP proportions, expenditure per capita,
Data segmentations: country and regional historic and forecast data, market share of competitors, market segments.
Sourcing and Referencing: Data and analysis throughout the report is sourced using end notes.
Delivery format: PDF, Word and Excel Data Dashboard.

Executive Summary

Plant extracts involve a method designed for extracting specific plant-based ingredients, a process that entails bringing a solid (the plant) into contact with a liquid (the solvent). The solvent is utilized to solubilize and contain the valuable plant components, effectively separating solids from liquids. These extracts exhibit medicinal, aromatic, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and antioxidant effects.

The primary categories of plant extracts encompass spices, essential oils, and natural extracts; flavors and fragrances; phytomedicines and herbal extracts; phytochemicals, among others. Phytochemicals are bioactive nutrient plant chemicals found in fruits, vegetables, grains, and other plant foods, offering health benefits beyond basic nutrition and helping reduce the risk of major chronic diseases. These extracts are derived from various sources such as fruits, flowers, bulbs, leaves, barks, stems, rhizomes, roots, and others. Their applications span pharmaceuticals, food and beverages, cosmetics, and other industries.

The plant extracts market research report is one of a series of new reports from The Business Research Company that provides plant extracts market statistics, including plant extracts industry global market size, regional shares, competitors with a plant extracts market share, detailed plant extracts market segments, market trends and opportunities, and any further data you may need to thrive in the plant extracts industry. This plant extracts market research report delivers a complete perspective of everything you need, with an in-depth analysis of the current and future scenario of the industry.

The plant extracts market size has grown strongly in recent years. It will grow from $27. 94 billion in 2023 to $30. 55 billion in 2024 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9. 4%. The growth observed in the historical period can be credited to heightened consumer awareness, a growing demand for natural ingredients, the broadening scope of applications in pharmaceuticals, and the globalization of trade.

The plant extracts market size is expected to see strong growth in the next few years. It will grow to $44. 1 billion in 2028 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9. 6%. The anticipated growth in the forecast period can be ascribed to the increasing popularity of functional foods, the expansion of the cosmetics and personal care industry, government initiatives supporting herbal products, and growing concerns about environmental sustainability. Key trends expected during this period include the rise in research and development activities, technological advancements in extraction techniques, a focus on superfoods, personalization of nutraceuticals, innovations in extraction methods, the emergence of plant-based meat alternatives, integration of traditional medicine, and the clean label movement.

The significant rise in the popularity of the vegan lifestyle is playing a crucial role in the expansion of the plant extract market. Individuals identifying as vegans abstain from consuming animal products such as meat, eggs, and dairy, opting for plant-based alternatives to meet their nutritional needs. In the United States, retail sales of plant-based foods experienced a 6. 2% increase in 2021, as reported by the Plant-Based Foods Association (PBFA). This robust growth in vegan trends is a driving force behind the flourishing plant extract market.

Anticipated growth in the plant extracts market is fueled by the escalating demand from the food and beverage industry. This industry encompasses various activities, including production, processing, distribution, marketing, and sale of food and beverages. Plant extracts contribute to product quality, flavor enhancement, and increased nutritional value, aligning with consumer preferences for clean and natural ingredients. In 2021, global food and beverage sales reached $435. 3 billion, with an increase to $506 billion in 2022, projecting a further rise to $857 billion by 2025, as reported by Common Thread Collective. The escalating demand from the food and beverage sector propels the growth of the plant extracts market.

A noteworthy trend in the plant extract market is the surge in technological advancements. Companies operating in this sector are actively pursuing innovative technological solutions to solidify their market position. For example, in June 2021, Firmenich, a Switzerland-based fragrance and taste company, introduced the Firgood ingredients, utilizing revolutionary and sustainable proprietary extraction technology. This solvent-free technology employs low-energy processes, utilizing water for extraction, warmed by electromagnetic vibration, resulting in a final pure extract enriched with odorant components.

Major players in the plant extracts market are concentrating on the development of innovative products like the Firgood collection to drive market revenues. The Firgood collection represents a new line of pure, natural extracts crafted through a sustainable and innovative extraction process. Launched by Firmenich International SA in June 2021, this collection utilizes only the water naturally present in biomass cells. This water, containing odorant components, undergoes electromagnetic vibration warming to produce the final pure extract. The Firgood technology stands as an epitome of sustainable extraction advancements, offering ecological benefits and low energy usage.

In April 2022, Kerry Group plc, an Ireland-based food company, acquired Natreon, Inc., for 42 million euros ($45. 74 million). This acquisition augments Kerry's influence and portfolio of branded ingredients, particularly those from ProActive Health. These ingredients, supported by research, contribute to Kerry's technological development and enhance the overall customer experience. Natreon, Inc., based in the United States, specializes in ayurvedic extracts subjected to scientific research and testing, primarily serving the global dietary supplement and functional food and beverage industries.

Major companies operating in the in the plant extracts market report are Naturex S. A., Berkem S. A., Kuber Impex Ltd., Network Nutrition Pty Limited, Organic Herb Inc., Qualiphar-Gifrer, Givaudan S. A., Arjuna Natural Pvt Ltd., Synthite Industries Private Ltd., Martin Bauer Group, Tokiwa Phytochemical Co Ltd., Native Extracts Pty Ltd., Symrise AG, Sensient Technologies Corporation, PT Indesso Aroma, Vidya Herbs Pvt Ltd., Plant Extracts International Inc., Indena S. p. A., Nutra Green Biotechnology Co Ltd., Nantong Sihai Plant Extracts Co. Ltd., Schwabe Group, Provital Group, Chenguang Biotech Group Co Ltd., Kangcare Bioindustry Co. Ltd., International Flavors & Fragrances Inc., Kerry Group plc, Archer Daniels Midland Company, Kalsec Inc., Carbery Group, Koninklijke DSM N. V., Dohler GmbH, Vital Herbs, Alchemy Chemicals, Sydler India Pvt. Ltd., Plantnat, PhytoVation Ltd., Sabinsa Corporation, Nexira

Asia-Pacific was the largest region in the plant extracts market in 2023. Asia-Pacific is expected to be the fastest-growing region in the forecast period. The regions covered in the plant extracts market report are Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, Eastern Europe, North America, South America, Middle East, Africa

The countries covered in the plant extracts market report are: Australia, Brazil, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Japan, Russia, South Korea, UK, USA, Italy, Canada, Spain.

The plant extracts market consists of sales of medicinal plants, polyphenols, carotenoids, maceration, infusion, decoction, and percolation. Values in this market are 'factory gate' values, that is the value of goods sold by the manufacturers or creators of the goods, whether to other entities (including downstream manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors and retailers) or directly to end customers. The market value includes the value of related goods sold by the service provider or included within the service offering.

The market value is defined as the revenues that enterprises gain from the sale of goods and/or services within the specified market and geography through sales, grants, or donations in terms of the currency (in USD, unless otherwise specified)).

The revenues for a specified geography are consumption values that are revenues generated by organizations in the specified geography within the market, irrespective of where they are produced. It does not include revenues from resales along the supply chain, either further along the supply chain or as part of other products.

Product Code: r10518

1. Executive Summary

2. Plant Extracts Market Characteristics

3. Plant Extracts Market Trends And Strategies

4. Plant Extracts Market - Macro Economic Scenario

4.1. Impact Of High Inflation On The Market
4.2. Ukraine-Russia War Impact On The Market
4.3. COVID-19 Impact On The Market

5. Global Plant Extracts Market Size and Growth

5.1. Global Plant Extracts Market Drivers and Restraints
- 5.1.1. Drivers Of The Market
- 5.1.2. Restraints Of The Market
5.2. Global Plant Extracts Historic Market Size and Growth, 2018 - 2023, Value ($ Billion)
5.3. Global Plant Extracts Forecast Market Size and Growth, 2023 - 2028, 2033F, Value ($ Billion)

6. Plant Extracts Market Segmentation

6.1. Global Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Spices
Essential Oils and Natural Extracts
Flavors and Fragrance
Phytomedicines and Herbal Extracts
Phytochemicals
Other Types
6.2. Global Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Fruits, Flowers and Bulbs
Leaves
Rhizomes and Roots
Barks and Stems
Other Sources
6.3. Global Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
Pharmaceuticals
Food and Beverages
Cosmetics
Other Applications

7. Plant Extracts Market Regional And Country Analysis

7.1. Global Plant Extracts Market, Split By Region, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
7.2. Global Plant Extracts Market, Split By Country, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

8. Asia-Pacific Plant Extracts Market

8.1. Asia-Pacific Plant Extracts Market Overview
Region Information, Impact Of COVID-19, Market Information, Background Information, Government Initiatives, Regulations, Regulatory Bodies, Major Associations, Taxes Levied, Corporate Tax Structure, Investments, Major Companies
8.2. Asia-Pacific Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
8.3. Asia-Pacific Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
8. 4. Asia-Pacific Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

9. China Plant Extracts Market

9.1. China Plant Extracts Market Overview
9.2. China Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
9.3. China Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion
9. 4. China Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F,$ Billion

10. India Plant Extracts Market

10.1. India Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
10.2. India Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
10.3. India Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

11. Japan Plant Extracts Market

11.1. Japan Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
11.2. Japan Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
11.3. Japan Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

12. Australia Plant Extracts Market

12.1. Australia Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
12.2. Australia Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
12.3. Australia Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

13. Indonesia Plant Extracts Market

13.1. Indonesia Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
13.2. Indonesia Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
13.3. Indonesia Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

14. South Korea Plant Extracts Market

14.1. South Korea Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
14.2. South Korea Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
14.3. South Korea Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

15. Western Europe Plant Extracts Market

15.1. Western Europe Plant Extracts Market Overview
15.2. Western Europe Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
15.3. Western Europe Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
15. 4. Western Europe Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

16. UK Plant Extracts Market

16.1. UK Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
16.2. UK Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
16.3. UK Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

17. Germany Plant Extracts Market

17.1. Germany Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
17.2. Germany Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
17.3. Germany Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

18. France Plant Extracts Market

18. 5. France Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
18. 6. France Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
18. 7. France Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

19. Italy Plant Extracts Market

19. 9. Italy Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
19.10. Italy Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
19.11. Italy Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

20. Spain Plant Extracts Market

20.13. Spain Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
20.14. Spain Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
20.15. Spain Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

21. Eastern Europe Plant Extracts Market

21.1. Eastern Europe Plant Extracts Market Overview
21.2. Eastern Europe Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
21.3. Eastern Europe Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
21. 4. Eastern Europe Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

22. Russia Plant Extracts Market

22.1. Russia Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
22.2. Russia Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
22.3. Russia Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

23. North America Plant Extracts Market

23.1. North America Plant Extracts Market Overview
23.2. North America Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
23.3. North America Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
23. 4. North America Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

24. USA Plant Extracts Market

24.1. USA Plant Extracts Market Overview
24.2. USA Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
24.3. USA Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
24. 4. USA Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

25. Canada Plant Extracts Market

25.1. Canada Plant Extracts Market Overview
25.2. Canada Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
25.3. Canada Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
25. 4. Canada Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

26. South America Plant Extracts Market

26.1. South America Plant Extracts Market Overview
26.2. South America Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
26.3. South America Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
26. 4. South America Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

27. Brazil Plant Extracts Market

27.1. Brazil Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
27.2. Brazil Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
27.3. Brazil Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

28. Middle East Plant Extracts Market

28.1. Middle East Plant Extracts Market Overview
28.2. Middle East Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
28.3. Middle East Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
28. 4. Middle East Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

29. Africa Plant Extracts Market

29.1. Africa Plant Extracts Market Overview
29.2. Africa Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Type, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
29.3. Africa Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Source, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion
29. 4. Africa Plant Extracts Market, Segmentation By Application, Historic and Forecast, 2018-2023, 2023-2028F, 2033F, $ Billion

30. Plant Extracts Market Competitive Landscape And Company Profiles

30.1. Plant Extracts Market Competitive Landscape
30.2. Plant Extracts Market Company Profiles
- 30.2.1. Naturex S. A.
  - 30.2.1.1. Overview
  - 30.2.1.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.1.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.1. 4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.2. Berkem S. A.
  - 30.2.2.1. Overview
  - 30.2.2.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.2.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.2. 4. Financial Performance
- 30.2.3. Kuber Impex Ltd.
  - 30.2.3.1. Overview
  - 30.2.3.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2.3.3. Strategy
  - 30.2.3. 4. Financial Performance
- 30.2. 4. Network Nutrition Pty Limited
  - 30.2. 4.1. Overview
  - 30.2. 4.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2. 4.3. Strategy
  - 30.2. 4. 4. Financial Performance
- 30.2. 5. Organic Herb Inc.
  - 30.2. 5.1. Overview
  - 30.2. 5.2. Products and Services
  - 30.2. 5.3. Strategy
  - 30.2. 5. 4. Financial Performance

31. Global Plant Extracts Market Competitive Benchmarking

32. Global Plant Extracts Market Competitive Dashboard

33. Key Mergers And Acquisitions In The Plant Extracts Market

34. Plant Extracts Market Future Outlook and Potential Analysis

34.1 Plant Extracts Market In 2028 - Countries Offering Most New Opportunities
34.2 Plant Extracts Market In 2028 - Segments Offering Most New Opportunities
34. 3 Plant Extracts Market In 2028 - Growth Strategies
- 34.3.1 Market Trend Based Strategies
- 34.3.2 Competitor Strategies

35. Appendix

35.1. Abbreviations
35.2. Currencies
35.3. Historic And Forecast Inflation Rates
35. 4. Research Inquiries
35. 5. The Business Research Company
35. 6. Copyright And Disclaimer