Vehicle Functional Safety and Safety Of The Intended Functionality (SOTIF) Research Report, 2025

Description

Functional safety research: under the "equal rights for intelligent driving", safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF) design is crucial

As Chinese new energy vehicle manufacturers propose "Equal Rights for Intelligent Driving," when a high-level autonomous driving system is in operation, the time from the system issuing a takeover request to an actual collision is only 1-2 seconds. The importance of "safety of the intended functionality (SOTIF)" design by OEMs is self-evident. Mandatory industry standards and laws and regulations are essential. In the case of the European functional safety standard ISO 26262, accountability mechanisms can compel OEMs to take safety design seriously.

In recent years, OEMs and suppliers have placed greater emphasis on functional safety certification. According to statistics of public information, in 2024, Chinese companies obtained 134 functional safety certifications, including 52 functional safety product certifications (compared to 44 in 2023).

In addition to functional safety certification, driven by the formal implementation of SOTIF standards, over the past two years, more than 20 OEMs and suppliers, including Great Wall Motor, FAW Hongqi, Changan, GAC, Horizon Robotics, Jingwei Hirain, Huawei, Desay SV, and SenseAuto, have deployed SOTIF processes and obtained pre-certification, laying a safety foundation for their further layout of autonomous driving systems.

In terms of regulation, ISO incorporates AI into functional safety certification.

On the regulation front, in December 2024, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) officially released ISO/PAS 8800:2024 Road Vehicles-Safety and Artificial Intelligence. This standard aims to manage and enhance the safety of AI systems in road vehicles, and provide a comprehensive safety framework and guidelines for ever wider adoption of AI technology in the automotive sector.

The core content of ISO/PAS 8800 includes: AI safety lifecycle management, safety requirements for AI systems, design and verification processes, AI system safety analysis, and data-related safety considerations. Its implementation will effectively help OEMs, component suppliers, and software developers systematically identify and manage potential risks in AI-related technology applications, thereby improving the overall safety of automotive products.

Additionally, ISO plans to include safety requirements for AI systems in the third edition of ISO 26262, scheduled for release in 2027. This will cover failure mode identification for deep learning models, safety mechanism design, and verification methods.

The new third edition requires OEMs to establish a full lifecycle management system for AI development, involving transparency and traceability in data collection, model training, deployment verification, and other stages. For example, formal verification is required to ensure the determinacy of neural network outputs, and safety cases are established for AI components.

Furthermore, in January 2024, SC 42, the joint IEC and ISO committee that develops international standards for artificial intelligence (AI), formulated and released ISO/IEC TR 5469:2024 Artificial Intelligence-Functional Safety and AI Systems, aiming to address the differences between traditional functional safety system development processes, and the technical characteristics and processes of AI technology development and enable the gradual application of AI technology in functional safety systems. The report highlights the application and usage levels of AI technology in safety-related systems, the components of AI technology, the unique technical characteristics and risks introduced by AI compared to non-AI technology, how to apply AI technology in functional safety systems, how to use non-AI technology to ensure the safety of AI-controlled systems, and practical techniques for designing and developing safety-related functions using AI systems.

Suppliers' Layout of Functional Safety Solutions for AI Systems

Facing challenges in AI system safety, suppliers such as Bosch and NVIDIA have introduced AI system safety-related solutions.

For intelligent driving, Bosch has proposed an AI Safety mechanism. Its Chinese and global teams have applied years of expertise in AI safety, including pre-research, practical processes, methodologies, and tools, into every stage of the full development cycle of functional safety for high-level intelligent driving solutions, involving data selection, model safety, and model verification, so as to ensure safety for AI-driven driving systems in all aspects.

Bosch has also introduced an innovative, systematic, and structured solution-the Machine Learning Development V-Model Process, which combines the traditional system/software development V-model and expands with a data-driven approach, referred to as the Data-Driven Engineering (DDE) process.

DDE provides a systematic process for ML system development, featuring a flexible and scalable operational design domain (ODD) analysis method. It standardizes data management methods for ML system development and provides infrastructure for safety analysis, testing, verification, and functional iteration of ML systems.

With the support of AI foundation models, the functional safety processes in vehicle function development, including hazard identification, risk assessment, functional safety concept, system design, and safety implementation, can benefit from AI at each stage.

For example, in the hazard identification phase, AI and LLMs can assist by analyzing vast datasets, historical accidents, and industry reports. They process unstructured data, such as natural language documents, to extract valuable insights that traditional methods might overlook, and detect potential hazards that could escape human eyes.

In October 2024, Jingwei Hirain successfully self-developed HIRAIN FuSa AI Agent, a functional safety agent capable of automatically conducting hazard analysis and risk assessment for functional safety analysis targets, setting safety goals, conducting safety analysis and deriving safety requirements, and continuously performing R&D testing and verification to ensure vehicle safety.

At GTC 2025, NVIDIA announced NVIDIA Halos, a full-stack, comprehensive safety system for autonomous vehicles that brings together NVIDIA's lineup of automotive hardware and software safety solutions with its cutting-edge AI research in AV safety.

Halos is a holistic safety system on three different but complementary levels. At the technology level, it spans platform, algorithmic and ecosystem safety. At the development level, it includes design-time, deployment-time and validation-time guardrails. And at the computational level, it spans AI training to deployment, using three powerful computers - NVIDIA DGX for AI training, NVIDIA Omniverse and NVIDIA Cosmos running on NVIDIA OVX for simulation, and NVIDIA DRIVE AGX for deployment.

Serving as an entry point to Halos is the NVIDIA AI Systems Inspection Lab, which allows automakers and developers to verify the safe integration of their products with NVIDIA technology. The AI Systems Inspection Lab has been accredited by the ANSI National Accreditation Board for an inspection plan integrating functional safety, cybersecurity, AI safety and regulations into a unified safety framework.

The NVIDIA DRIVE AI Systems Inspection Lab also complements the missions of independent third-party certification bodies, including technical service organizations such as TUV SUD, TUV Rheinland and exida, as well as vehicle certification agencies such as VCA and KBA. It dovetails with recent significant safety certifications and assessments of NVIDIA automotive products.

Product Code: CYH123

1 Status Quo and Development Trends of Vehicle Functional Safety

1.1 Definition and Development History of Vehicle Functional Safety
Definition of Vehicle Functional Safety
Reasons Why Vehicle Functional Safety Is Required
Key Features of Vehicle Functional Safety
Development history of Vehicle Functional Safety (1)
Development history of Vehicle Functional Safety (2)
Purpose of Vehicle Functional Safety: Lowering Risks to An Acceptable Level
Basic Principles of Vehicle Functional Safety Design
General Workflow of Vehicle Functional Safety
Example of SEooC Software Development Process
Cost Structure of Vehicle Functional Safety
Classification of Vehicle Functional Safety Software Tools
Design and Verification Methods for Vehicle Functional Safety
Basic Analysis Methods for Vehicle Functional Safety
Basic Definitions Related to Vehicle Functional Safety
1.2 Development Trend 1 of Vehicle Functional Safety:
1.3 Development Trend 2 of Vehicle Functional Safety:
1.4 Development Trend 3 of Vehicle Functional Safety:
1.5 Development Trend 4 of Vehicle Functional Safety:
1.6 Development Trend 5 of Vehicle Functional Safety: OEMs Place Increasing Emphasis on Safety
OEMs Place Greater Emphasis on Functional Safety and SOTIF Requirements
Increasing Functional Safety Certifications of OEMs (1)
Increasing Functional Safety Certifications of OEMs (2)
Increasing Functional Safety Certifications of OEMs (3)
Increasing Functional Safety Certifications of OEMs (4)
Increasing Functional Safety Certifications of OEMs (5)
Increasing SOTIF Certifications of OEMs
Industrial Division of Labor in Vehicle Functional Safety (1)
Industrial Division of Labor in Vehicle Functional Safety (2)
Key Tasks for OEMs and Component Suppliers Regarding Functional Safety
Steps for Implementing Functional Safety in Vehicle Projects of OEMs
Cases of OEMs' Assessment of Suppliers' Functional Safety Capabilities
SOTIF Development and Testing Process
Challenges and Key Elements in Implementing Functional Safety and SOTIF in OEMs
Status Quo and Trends of OEMs Deploying Functional Safety and SOTIF Solutions

2 Status Quo and Related Scenario Cases of Vehicle SOTIF

2.1 Overview of Vehicle SOTIF
Definition of Vehicle SOTIF
Reasons for Proposing Vehicle SOTIF
Analysis of Vehicle SOTIF Scenarios
Purpose of Vehicle SOTIF
SOTIF Methodology (1)
SOTIF Methodology (2)
Vehicle SOTIF System Analysis Methods
Typical Case of L3 SOTIF Design
2.2 Integration Trends of Vehicle SOTIF and Functional Safety
Vehicle Functional Safety VS SOTIF
Integration of Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF (1)
Integration of Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF (2)
Exploration of Integration of Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF Processes
Machine Learning and Vehicle Functional Safety & SOTIF (1)
Machine Learning and Vehicle Functional Safety & SOTIF (2)
Breakthroughs in Real-time SOTIF Risk Perception and Protection Technologies
2.3 SOTIF in ADAS
SOTIF in Lane Keeping System
SOTIF in Autonomous Emergency Braking
SOTIF in Adaptive Cruise Control
SOTIF in Traffic Congestion System
SOTIF in Automated Parking System
SOTIF Design of Control Strategies for Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB)
2.4 SOTIF in Autonomous Driving System
Composition of Autonomous Driving System
SOTIF Related to Perception
SOTIF Related to Prediction
SOTIF Related to Decision
SOTIF Technologies Related to Control
SOTIF Related to Human-Machine Interaction
SOTIF in V2X

3 Standards and Policies Concerning Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF

3.1 Vehicle Functional Safety Standards and Policies
Global Vehicle Functional Safety Standards
Development of Foreign Functional Safety and SOTIF Standards
Development of ISO 26262 International Functional Safety Standards
ISO 26262 Third Edition Update Plan
ISO 26262 Third Edition Update Plan
ISO 26262 Third Edition Update Plan
Vehicle Functional Safety in the EU
Development of Vehicle Functional Safety in the US
Development of Vehicle Functional Safety Standards in China
Vehicle Functional Safety Standard Research Organizations in China
Vehicle Functional Safety Standard Research Organizations in China: Architecture of Vehicle Functional Safety Standardization Promotion Center
China's Special Standards for Vehicle Functional Safety
China's Vehicle Functional Safety Standards
Testing and Evaluation Methods for Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF
China's Medium- and Long-Term Plan for Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF Standards Research
China's Policies Concerning Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF
Guidelines for the Construction of the National Internet of Vehicles Industry Standard System (Intelligent Connected Vehicles) (2023)
Notice on Piloting Admittance and Road Access of Intelligent Connected Vehicles: Overall Requirements and Organized Implementation
Notice on Piloting Admittance and Road Access of Intelligent Connected Vehicles: Supporting Measures
Notice on Piloting Admittance and Road Access of Intelligent Connected Vehicles: Explanation (1)
Notice on Piloting Admittance and Road Access of Intelligent Connected Vehicles: Explanation (2)
Implementation Guide for Piloting Admittance and Road Access of Intelligent Connected Vehicles (Trial): Functional Safety Requirements at Corporate Level
Implementation Guide for Piloting Admittance and Road Access of Intelligent Connected Vehicles (Trial): Corporate Requirements for Functional Safety Guarantee
Implementation Guide for Piloting Admittance and Road Access of Intelligent Connected Vehicles (Trial): Corporate Requirements for SOTIF Guarantee
Implementation Guide for Piloting Admittance and Road Access of Intelligent Connected Vehicles (Trial): Requirements at Product Level
Implementation Guide for Piloting Admittance and Road Access of Intelligent Connected Vehicles (Trial): Requirements for Functional Safety of Vehicles and Autonomous Driving Systems
Implementation Guide for Piloting Admittance and Road Access of Intelligent Connected Vehicles (Trial): Requirements for SOTIF of Vehicles and Autonomous Driving Systems
3.2 Vehicle SOTIF Standards and Policies
Vehicle SOTIF Standards
SOTIF-Related Requirements in Major Countries' Autonomous Driving System Regulations and Standards
China's Main Vehicle SOTIF Standards
Construction of Vehicle SOTIF Standards in China
3.3 ISO 26262 Vehicle Standards
ISO 26262 Vehicle Functional Safety Standards
ISO 26262 First Edition VS Second Edition
ISO 26262 Third Edition Covers New Use Cases
Introduction to ISO 26262 Standard Content
ISO 26262-2: Management of Functional Safety (1)
ISO 26262-2: Management of Functional Safety (2)
ISO 26262-3: Functional Safety Concept
ISO 26262-3: Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA) (1)
ISO 26262-3: Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA) (2)
ISO 26262-3: Hierarchy of Safety Goals and Functional Safety Requirements
ISO 26262-4: Product Development at the System Level
ISO 26262-4: Technical Safety Concept
ISO 26262-4: System and Item Integration and Testing (1)
ISO 26262-4: System and Item Integration and Testing (2)
ISO 26262-4: System and Item Integration and Testing (3)
ISO 26262-4: System and Item Integration and Testing (4)
ISO 26262-5: Product Development at the Hardware Level (1)
ISO 26262-5: Product Development at the Hardware Level (2)
ISO 26262-5: Hardware Design
ISO 26262-5: Hardware Safety Analysis
ISO 26262-5: Hardware Design Verification
ISO 26262-5: Evaluation of the Hardware Architectural Metrics
ISO 26262-5: Evaluation of Safety Goal Violations due to Random Hardware Failures (1)
ISO 26262-5: Evaluation of Safety Goal Violations due to Random Hardware Failures (2)
ISO 26262-5: Evaluation of Safety Goal Violations due to Random Hardware Failures (3)
ISO 26262-5: Hardware Integration and Testing (1)
ISO 26262-5: Hardware Integration and Testing (2)
ISO 26262-6: Software Functional Safety
ISO 26262-6: General Topics for the Product Development at the Software Level
ISO 26262-6: Software Development Plan
ISO 26262-6: Software Safety Requirements
ISO 26262-6: Software Architectural Design
ISO 26262-6: Software Architectural Design - Software Safety Mechanisms
ISO 26262-6: Software Architectural Design - Mechanisms for Software Error Handling
ISO 26262-6: Software Architectural Design - Software Architecture Verification Methods
ISO 26262-6: Software Unit Design and Implementation
ISO 26262-6: Software Unit Verification
ISO 26262-6: Software Unit Test Case Derivation and Coverage Analysis
ISO 26262-6: Software Integration and Verification
ISO 26262-6: Software Integration Test Coverage
ISO 26262-6: Testing of the Embedded Software
3.4 ISO 21448 Vehicle Standards
Vehicle SOTIF Standards
Development of ISO 21448 Vehicle SOTIF Standards
ISO/CD 21448 Vehicle SOTIF Standards Catalog
Vehicle SOTIF Development Process (1)
Vehicle SOTIF Development Process (2): Specification Definition and Design
Vehicle SOTIF Development Process (3): Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment
Vehicle SOTIF Development Process (4): Identification and Evaluation of Potential Functional Insufficiencies and Potential Triggering Conditions
Vehicle SOTIF Development Process (5): System Optimization and Improvement
Vehicle SOTIF Development Process (6): Product Verification and Evaluation
Vehicle SOTIF Development Process (7): Product Verification and Evaluation
Vehicle SOTIF Development Process (8): Product Verification and Evaluation
Vehicle SOTIF Development Process (9): Operation Phase Activities

4 Development of Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF Certifications

4.1 Vehicle Functional Safety Certification
Overview of Vehicle Functional Safety Certification
Categories of Functional Safety Certification
Main Processes of Vehicle Functional Safety Certification
Basic Steps of Vehicle Functional Safety Process Certification
Basic Steps of Vehicle Functional Safety Product Certification
Cases of Functional Safety Product Certification R&D Process (1)
Cases of Functional Safety Product Certification R&D Process (2)
Achievements in Vehicle Functional Safety Certification
Vehicle Functional Safety Certification Levels - ASIL
Vehicle Software Certification and Tool Confidence Level (TCL)
Tool Confidence Level (TCL) Evaluation Process
Main Methods of Vehicle Functional Safety Certification
Major Third-Party Certification Authorities of Vehicle Functional Safety (1)
Major Third-Party Certification Authorities of Vehicle Functional Safety (2)
Statistics on Chinese Companies Passing Vehicle Functional Safety Certification
4.2 Vehicle SOTIF Certification
Overview of SOTIF Certification
Vehicle SOTIF Certification Process
Evaluation of Vehicle SOTIF Assurance System
Key Deliverables in Vehicle SOTIF Certification Management Process
Third-Party Certification Authorities of Vehicle SOTIF
OEMs Passing SOTIF Certification, 2022 - March 2025
Suppliers Passing SOTIF Certification, 2022 - March 2025
4.3 ASPICE Certification
Introduction to ASPICE
Content of ASPICE
Capability Levels of ASPICE
ASPICE Development Process
ASPICE Process Construction and Tool Providers
Relationship between ASPICE and ISO 26262
Integration of ASPICE and Functional Safety
Integration of ASPICE and Vehicle Development
Overview of ASPICE Certification
ASPICE Certification Process
ASPICE Certification Audit
ASPICE Certification Audit: Preparation
ASPICE Certification Audit: Execution
4.4 Major Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF Certification Authorities
- 4.4.1 SGS Group
One-Stop Solutions for Automotive Industry
One-Stop Solutions for Automotive Industry
Functional Safety Services
ISO 26262 Certification
Technical Solution Process of ISO 26262 Certification
SOTIF Services
Major Clients of ISO 26262 Certification: International
Major Clients of ISO 26262 Certification: China

4.4.2 TUV Rheinland

Profile
Automotive Service Capabilities
ISO 26262 Certification Services
ASPICE Certification

4.4.3 TUV SUD

Automotive Solutions
Vehicle Functional Safety Certification Services
Functional Safety Training Services

4.4.4 DNV

Profile
Vehicle Functional Safety Certification
ASPICE Certification

4.4.5 UL Solutions

Functional Safety Certification Services
Vehicle Functional Safety Certification Services
SOTIF Certification Services
Chinese Product Certification Schemes

4.4.6 DEKRA

Profile
Vehicle Functional Safety
Vehicle Cybersecurity
Type Approval and Regulatory Certification

4.4.7 ResilTech

Profile
Provide Safety Certification and Certification Items

4.4.8 Bureau Veritas (BV)

Profile
ISO 26262, TISAX, ISO 39001
Automotive Standard IATF 16949

4.4.9 Exida

Equipment Certification

4.4.10 China Certification Center For Automotive Products

Functional Safety Certification Services
Automotive ASPICE

4.4.11 China Quality Certification Center (CQC)

Organizational Structure and Certification Process
Functional Safety Certification Services
Vehicle Functional Safety and ASPICE Technical Service Items
IATF 16949, QMS Certification for Automotive Industry

4.4.12 CEPREI Certification Body

CEPREI (the Fifth Institute of Electronics of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology)
CEPREI Certification Body
CEPREI Obtains Internationally Recognized ISO 26262 Certification
ISO 26262
ISO 21448
IATF 16949, ISO/SAE 21434
ISO 24089, AEC Q
Automotive SPICE

5 Functional Safety Requirements, Design and Cases of Major Automotive Components and Systems

5.1 Functional Safety Requirements of Major Automotive Components
Areas Involved in Vehicle Functional Safety
ASIL Requirements for Functional Safety of Major Automotive Components
Functional Safety Requirements for Basic Software Layer of Automotive Domain Controllers
Automotive Companies That Need to Meet ISO 26262 Requirements
Functional Safety Layout of Component Suppliers
5.2 Functional Safety Design and Cases of Automotive Chip Products
ASIL Requirements for Common Automotive ECUs
Typical Safety Mechanism Technologies in Automotive Chips
Chip-Level Vehicle Functional Safety Supporting Distributed System-Wide Monitoring
Functional Safety Solutions for Automotive SoCs
Functional Safety Solutions for Automotive SoCs/MCUs
Functional Safety for Digital Chips
Functional Safety Design of DRAM
Chiplet Technology and Functional Safety
Functional Safety Design of Qualcomm 8295
Internal Structure of Functional Safety Management Module of Qualcomm 8295
Functional Safety Design of Qualcomm 8775: Built-in 4-Core Functional Safety Island
Internal Structure of Functional Safety Island System of Qualcomm 8775
Functional Safety Design of Qualcomm Software
Functional Safety Certification and Safety Mechanism Applications of AutoChips' Major Automotive Chip Products
Functional Safety Mechanisms of AutoChips' Cockpit SoC Products
Functional Safety Mechanisms of AutoChips' Automotive MCU AC7801x
Functional Safety Mechanisms of AutoChips' Automotive MCU AC7840x
Functional Safety Mechanisms of ChipON's Automotive MCU KF32A158
C*Core Technology's Automotive MCU Product Line Layout
Functional Safety Design of C*Core Technology's Next-Gen High-Performance Automotive MCU CCFC3012PT
Functional Safety Layout Cases of Suppliers (3): ARM
Functional Safety Design of C*Core Technology's Automotive MCU CCFC3008PT
Functional Safety Layout Cases of Suppliers (3): ARM's Functional Safety Solutions
Functional Safety Layout Cases of Suppliers (3): ARM's Split-Core, Lockstep, and Mixed Modes
Functional Safety Layout Cases of Suppliers (3): Application Cases of ARM's Split-Core, Lockstep, and Mixed Modes
5.3 Functional Safety Design and Cases of Automotive Operating Systems
High-Safety Requirements of Next-Gen Intelligent Vehicle Operating Systems
Practical Implementation of Functional Safety for Intelligent Vehicle Operating Systems
Functional Safety of Linux
Functional Safety of BlackBerry QNX OS
Functional Safety Solution for BlackBerry QNX Basic Platform Software
Functional Safety for QNX Virtualization Basic Software Platform
Functional Safety Mechanisms for Intelligent Driving OS: Functional Safety Goals of Functional Software of Intelligent Driving OS of Automotive Intelligence and Control of China (AICC)
Functional Safety Mechanisms for Intelligent Driving OS: Functional Safety Mechanisms of Functional Software of Intelligent Driving OS of Automotive Intelligence and Control of China (AICC)
Functional Safety of Vehicle Control OS
Functional Safety Mechanisms of Vehicle Control OS
5.4 Functional Safety Design and Cases of Vehicle Centralized EEA
Challenges in Design and Development of Functional Safety of Centralized EEA
Functional Safety Development Process of Centralized EEA
Functional Safety Development Requirements of Centralized EEA
Key Factors to Be Considered in Design and Development of Functional Safety for Centralized EEA
Redundancy Design in Functional Safety Development for Centralized EEA
Functional Safety Development Practice Case: IM Motors
Challenges in Hardware Functional Safety in CCU + Zonal Architecture, and Solutions (1)
Challenges in Hardware Functional Safety in CCU + Zonal Architecture, and Solutions (2)
Functional Safety Design of Cockpit-Driving Integration Computing Platform with Dual SoCs (Orin X + Qualcomm 8295)
Functional Safety of In-Vehicle Networks: NXP's ASIL B-Compliant In-Vehicle Network Product TJA1103
Functional Safety of Vehicle Intelligent Computing Platforms
Functional Safety Evaluation for Vehicle Computing Foundation Platforms
Functional Safety of BlackBerry QNX-Based Cockpit-Driving Integration Controller
5.5 Functional Safety Design and Cases of Automotive Autonomous Driving Systems
Functional Safety-Related Standard Requirements of Autonomous Driving Systems
Functional Safety Product Certification of Major Suppliers of Intelligent Driving OS
Functional Safety Product Certification of Major Suppliers of Intelligent Driving Middleware and System Software
Functional Safety Product Certification of Major Suppliers of Intelligent Driving and Parking Solutions
Functional Safety Certification of Intelligent Driving Domain Controller and Other Computing Platform Products
Functional Safety Certification of Sensor and Radar Products
Functional Safety Certification of Central Computing Chip Products
Functional Safety Certification of Intelligent Driving SoC Products
Functional Safety Certification of MCUs for Intelligent Driving
Functional Safety Design of Typical L4 Autonomous Driving Systems: Fail-Operational Architecture and Backup Systems
Functional Safety Design of Typical L4 Autonomous Driving Systems: Functional Safety Architecture and Redundancy Design
Functional Safety Design of Typical L4 Autonomous Driving Systems
Functional Safety Design of Typical L3 Autonomous Driving Systems: Redundant Control Network Architecture
Functional Safety Design of Typical L3 Autonomous Driving Systems: Braking Redundancy Control Strategy
Functional Safety Requirements of Driving Assistance Systems
Functional Safety Requirements of Intelligent Driving Function HPA
Functional Safety Requirements of Intelligent Driving System ICC
NVIDIA Halos: A Full-Stack Comprehensive Safety System for Autonomous Vehicles
Functional Safety Deployment Scheme for NVIDIA Autonomous Driving System
Functional Safety Design of NVIDIA DRIVE OS
Functional Safety Design of NVIDIA Orin
Safety Architecture of ADAS Controllers
Functional Safety Design of Intelligent Driving Systems with SoC + MCU
Functional Safety Design of Single-SoC Intelligent Driving Domain Controllers: Functional Safety Island Integrated into SoC
Functional Safety Design of Intelligent Driving Domain Controllers: Main SoC + Redundant Backup SoC Must Meet ASIL D Standards
Functional Safety Design of High-level Autonomous Driving Domain Controllers (1)
Functional Safety Design of High-level Autonomous Driving Domain Controllers (6)
Cases of Overall System Safety Design for Autonomous Driving
Functional Safety for ADAS Lane Departure Warning
End-to-End Functional Safety Case of L2 Autonomous Driving Systems
Functional Safety of Autonomous Driving Computing and Decision System Platforms
Functional Safety Solutions for Parking Systems
Functional Safety Implementation for Autonomous Driving Projects (Torque)
Functional Safety Solutions for Autonomous Driving Software Middleware
5.6 Functional Safety Design and Cases of Vehicle Body, Powertrain, Chassis and Other Systems
Functional Safety Requirements of Intelligent Chassis Technologies
Introduction of Functional Safety Requirements in Steering and Braking Related Standards
Updates in 2025 Edition of Vehicle Functional Safety Validation
Functional Safety Product Certification of Powertrain, Braking, Steering, and Chassis Systems of Major Companies
Functional Safety Product Certification of E-Drive Systems of Major Companies
Functional Safety of MCUs for Powertrain and Chassis Domains (1)
Functional Safety of MCUs for Powertrain and Chassis Domains (2)
Functional Safety Product Certification Status of Body Control Systems of Major Companies
Functional Safety Certification of Major MCUs for Body Domain (1)
Functional Safety Certification of Major MCUs for Body Domain (2)
Functional Safety Design of Intelligent Chassis Control Technologies: Fail-Safe Control
Functional Safety Design of Intelligent Chassis Control Technologies: Fail-Safe Control
Functional Safety Design of Intelligent Chassis Control Technologies: Fail-Safe Design Indicators
Functional Safety Design of Intelligent Chassis Control Technologies: Health Status Management
Functional Safety Design of Intelligent Chassis Control Technologies: Chassis Health Management Indicators
Functional Safety Design of All-in-one E-Drive Systems: Functional Safety Design of E-Drive Systems of Shanghai E-Drive Foresight Research Institute
Safety Protection Design of E-Drive Systems
Functional Safety Design of All-in-one E-Drive Systems: Functional Safety Design of Geely's 11-in-1 E-Drive System
Functional Safety Design of EMB Control Module in Chassis Domain Controller: Chance Technology's EMB Redundancy Design
Functional Safety Solution for Power Domain Controller: Infineon AURIX TC297TA-Based Power Domain Controller
Functional Safety Design of Braking Systems
Functional Safety Solution for Steer-by-Wire Systems
SOTIF Solution for Steer-by-Wire Systems
Functional Safety Library Design of Shanghai ZC Technology's Intelligent Chassis
5.7 Functional Safety Design and Cases of Automotive Cockpit, Battery Management, and Other Systems
Functional Safety Product Certification of Cockpit SoC Products
Functional Safety Product Certification of Cockpit MCUs
Functional Safety Product Certification of Cockpit Domain MCUs
Functional Safety Design of Virtualization-Based Cockpit Systems
Functional Safety Design of Hardware Isolation-Based Cockpit Systems
Functional Safety Design of Cockpit Domain Control System Based on Qualcomm 8295 (1): SoC + MCU
Functional Safety Design of Cockpit Domain Control System Based on Qualcomm 8295 (2)
Functional Safety Requirements of Vehicle Displays
Functional Safety Mechanism for Single-Chip Cockpit-Parking Integration Solutions: Chip Built-in Functional Safety Island
Functional Safety Product Certification of BMS and Batteries of Major Companies
Functional Safety Product Certification of Simulation and Testing Tools
PACK Functional Safety Working Concept
Functional Safety Solution for MPS' Automotive Power Supply
LiDAR Functional Safety Design Features

6 Functional Safety and SOTIF Layout of OEMs

6.1 Changan
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Layout
Status Quo of Functional Safety Layout
Intelligent Driving Domain Controller Functional Safety Design Strategy: Mutual Monitoring between SOC and MCU to Achieve Safety Redundancy
Intelligent Driving Domain Controller Functional Safety Design Strategy: Case
Status Quo of Functional Safety Layout
Functional Safety Organization Team
Functional Safety Business Philosophy
Software Quality Management: System Construction
Software Quality Management: Organizational Setup
Software Quality Management: Functional Safety/SOTIF
6.2 GAC Group
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Layout
Functional Safety Certification
Functional Safety of Intelligent Driving System
Functional Safety of Latest EEA
Functional Safety of Intelligent Driving System
6.3 Great Wall Motor
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Layout Functional Safety Certification
Functional Safety of GEEP 4.0 Architecture
Functional Safety Deployment of Coffee Intelligence
Functional Safety Deployment of Coffee Intelligence: Controller Redundancy, Architecture Redundancy
Functional Safety Deployment of Coffee Intelligence: Multi-Source Heterogeneous Sensor Solution with Perception Redundancy
Six Major Safety Redundancy Systems of Coffee Intelligence: Power Redundancy, Braking Redundancy
Functional Safety Deployment of Coffee Intelligence: Fully Redundant Steering System
Functional Safety Deployment of Coffee Intelligence: Redundant Systems in Great Wall Mecha Dragon
6.4 Geely
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Layout
Functional Safety Certification
Full-Domain Safety Layout
Functional Safety Design of GEEA 3.0
Functional Safety of L3 Intelligent Driving
Thor EM-i Super Hybrid Functional Safety Strategy: Hybrid Safety Redundancy Patent Technology
Functional Safety Deployment of 11-in-1 E-Drive System
Introduction of S-SDLC
Functional Safety Design Scheme of Steer-by-Wire (SbW): Classification of Functional Safety Hazards in Electronic Control
Functional Safety Design Scheme of Steer-by-Wire (SbW): Functional Safety Goals of Steer-by-Wire
Functional Safety Design Scheme of Steer-by-Wire (SbW): Driving Strategy Analysis in Case of Steer-by-Wire Failure
Functional Safety Design Scheme of Steer-by-Wire (SbW): Redundancy Backup Planning
Functional Safety Design of Chassis Domain Controller Software Architecture
Functional Safety Design of Chassis Domain Controller: System Backup Solution Design
6.5 IM Motors
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Layout
Safety System Construction: Five-Zero Safety System
Functional Safety Design of Digital Chassis: VMC Independent EMB Module as Mutual Redundant Backup
Challenges in Functional Safety Development of Centralized EEA
Functional Safety Development Process of Centralized EEA
Functional Safety Development Requirements of Centralized EEA
Redundancy Design in Design and Development of Functional Safety of Centralized EEA
Practice Case of Functional Safety Development of Centralized EEA
6.6 NIO
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Layout
SOTIF Certification
Functional Safety Design of Vehicle Full-Domain Operating System SkyOS
Seven-Layer Vehicle Safety Redundancy Design in NIO ET9
Supercomputing Platform Functional Safety Strategy of NT2.0 Platform: Built-In Independent Redundant Backup Chip
Functional Safety Strategy of Chassis Domain Controller: Redundant Design of Intelligent Chassis Controller (ICC)
6.7 XPeng
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Layout
Functional Safety Strategy of Canghai Platform: Redundancy Design
Intelligent Driving Functional Safety Strategy
6.8 Li Auto
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Layout
Functional Safety Design Strategy Principles
Functional Safety Strategy of Braking System: Redundant Backup Solutions for Braking, Steering, etc.
Autonomous Driving Scenario Library Construction
Functional Safety Cases: Four-Door Collision Unlock Functional Safety Design
Functional Safety Cases: Four-Door Cross Power Supply Design
Vehicle Power Supply Functional Safety Strategy: Vehicle Power Supply Backup Solution
6.9 BMW
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Layout
Safety Strategy
Functional Safety of Autonomous Driving Platform Architecture (1)
Functional Safety Design and Deployment of Autonomous Driving Platform Architecture (1): Hardware Redundancy Design
Functional Safety Design and Deployment of Autonomous Driving Platform Architecture (2): Architecture and System Redundancy Design
Functional Safety Design of L3 Autonomous Driving
Functional Safety Design and Deployment of Autonomous Driving Platform Architecture (3): Drive System Redundancy Design
Functional Safety of Autonomous Driving Platform Architecture (2)
6.10 Mercedes-Benz
Status Quo and Trends of Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Layout
Automotive Functional Safety
Functional Safety and SOTIF Measures of L3 System Drive Pilot
Holistic Safety Concept
6.11 Ford
Safety Strategy
Vehicle Functional Safety Analysis Process
6.12 Volvo
World Tree Intelligent Safety System
Functional Safety Design of Exhaust Brake System

7 Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF Solution Providers

7.1 Jingwei HiRain
Functional Safety and SOTIF Solutions
Overview of Functional Safety Team
Functional Safety Agent Product: HIRAIN FuSa AI Agent
Functional Safety Agent Product: HIRAIN FuSa AI Agent
Intelligent Connected Vehicle (ICV) Functional Safety Development Solutions
ICV Functional Safety Consulting Solution Process
ICV Functional Safety Development Solutions: Vehicle-Level Functional Safety Development
ICV Functional Safety Development Solutions: Component-Level Functional Safety Development
ICV Functional Safety Development Solutions: Functional Safety R&D Toolchain Planning
ICV Intelligent Driving Functional Safety Solutions
ICV Intelligent Driving Functional Safety Solutions: Certification Items for Intelligent Driving Safety Products
ICV Intelligent Driving Functional Safety Solutions: Consulting Services
Intelligent Driving Functional Safety Development Platform
ICV SOTIF Development Solutions
ICV SOTIF Development Solutions: SOTIF Process Services
ICV SOTIF Development Solutions: SOTIF Product Services
ICV SOTIF Development Solutions: Autonomous Driving Safety Component Products
ICV Functional Safety Testing Solutions
ICV Functional Safety/SOTIF Testing Solutions
ICV Functional Safety Testing Solutions: Functional Safety Testing Consulting Services
ICV Functional Safety Testing Solutions: Software Development Phase Testing
ICV Functional Safety Testing Solutions: System-Level Functional Safety Testing
ICV Functional Safety Testing Solutions: Vehicle-Level Functional Safety Testing
ICV SOTIF Testing Solutions: SOTIF Testing Consulting Services
ICV SOTIF Testing Solutions: Simulation Testing
ICV SOTIF Testing Solutions: Real-Vehicle Testing
Development and Verification Platform for Intelligent Driving Functional Safety & SOTIF
Research on Vehicle Functional Safety Development Under SOA
7.2 VECTOR
Functional Safety Solutions
SOTIF Solutions
Vehicle Functional Safety Solutions
Functional Safety Solutions: Vehicle Functional Safety Consulting Services
PREEvision Design Tool Supports Functional Safety Processes
MICROSAR Safe
MICROSAR Adaptive Safe
Vehicle Functional Safety Testing - VectorCAST
Functional Safety Testing
Vehicle Functional Safety Analysis Data Quantification Tool: Squore
SOTIF Solution: Consulting Services
7.3 Bosch
Vehicle Functional Safety and SOTIF Solutions
Functional Safety Services
AI Safety Layout
AI System Safety Analysis Solutions
AI System Safety Analysis Solutions: Four Levels (1)
AI System Safety Analysis Solutions: Four Levels (5)
SOTIF Development V-Model
Data-Driven Engineering (DDE) Process: Four Layers
Data-Driven Engineering (DDE) Process: ODD as the Starting Point
Data-Driven Engineering (DDE) Process: V-Model
DDE Addresses Safety Challenges of ML Systems
Autonomous Driving System Redundancy Design Solutions (1)
Autonomous Driving System Redundancy Design Solutions (2)
Functional Safety Strategy of Braking System: Redundancy Design Solutions (1)
Functional Safety Strategy of Braking System: Redundancy Design Solutions (2)
Functional Safety Strategy of Braking System: Redundancy Design Solutions (3)
Functional Safety Design for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Mainstream Functional Safety Solutions for Intelligent Cockpits
TARA Engineering
7.4 Continental
Vehicle Functional Safety Solutions
Functional Safety Consulting and Development Services
Functional Safety Training Services
7.5 eSOL
Key Tools for Functional Safety
Activities and Related Tool Products for Functional Safety Standards
Consulting Services for Functional Safety Standards
Vehicle Functional Safety Document Package Products
7.6 Synopsys
Functional Safety Solutions
Native Automotive Solutions
Functional Safety Verification Solutions
VC Functional Safety Management
TestMAX Testing Solution
IP for ISO 26262 Vehicle Functional Safety
DesignWare ARC Functional Safety Software
Functional Safety Standard-Compliant IP for ADAS SoCs
Functional Safety Standard-Compliant IP for Connected Vehicles and Infotainment System SoCs
Functional Safety Standard-Compliant IP for Gateway SoCs
DesignWare IP Subsystem
IP for ISO 26262 Vehicle Functional Safety
7.7 CICV
Profile
Functional Safety-Related Software Tools
Functional Safety Quality Management Functions and Tool Tree
Functional Safety Software Tool Evaluation
Establishment of SOTIF Working Group
SOTIF Development Process
7.8 Saimo Technology
Profile
SOTIF Analysis Tool: Safety Pro
Saimo and SGS Established a Partnership in China
7.9 Worthy Technology?
Profile
Vehicle Functional Safety Consulting Services
Implementation Solutions for Automotive Electronics Industry Standards
7.10 OMNEX
Functional Safety Solutions
Profile
Functional Safety Software Products
Electric and Autonomous Vehicle Software Platform
OMNEX FuSA Project
7.11 PARASOFT
Functional Safety Solutions
Profile
Solutions to Help Customers Meet Functional Safety Standards
Advantages of Functional Safety Solutions
Parasoft C/C++test
Parasoft DTP
Major Automotive Clients
Parasoft Co-Established Functional Safety Group (FSG)
FSG Provides One-Stop Functional Safety Certification Services
7.12 MUNIK
Functional Safety Solutions
Profile
Functional Safety Technical Service Provider
Technical Service Scope
Technical Service Modes
ISO 26262 Semiconductor Functional Safety: Full-Process Technical Services
ISO 26262 Semiconductor Functional Safety: Training Services
ISO 26262 Semiconductor Functional Safety: Process Consulting Services
ISO 26262 Semiconductor Functional Safety: Product Consulting Services
ISO 21448 SOTIF: Full-Process Technical Services
Semiconductor Functional Safety FMEDA Tool
Safety Analysis and Management Software: EnCore SOX
Major Clients
Major Clients
7.13 SafenuX
Profile
Products and Services
Software Code Compliance Services
ASIL B Software Code Compliance Services