Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market: Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Forecast, 2024-2033

Description

Persistence Market Research has recently published a comprehensive report on the global Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market. This report provides an in-depth analysis of crucial market dynamics, including drivers, trends, opportunities, and challenges, offering detailed insights into the market structure.

Key Insights:

Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Size (2024E): USD 302.3 Mn
Projected Market Value (2033F): USD 506.4 Mn
Global Market Growth Rate (CAGR 2024-2033): 5.9%

Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market - Report Scope:

Hyaluronic acid serums are widely recognized for their ability to hydrate and rejuvenate the skin, making them a popular choice in skincare routines. This market encompasses the development, production, and distribution of serums containing hyaluronic acid, a substance known for its moisture-retaining properties and anti-aging benefits. The market's growth is driven by increasing consumer awareness of skincare, rising demand for anti-aging products, and advancements in cosmetic formulation technologies.

Market Growth Drivers:

Several key factors drive the global hyaluronic acid serums market. Growing awareness about skincare and the benefits of hyaluronic acid significantly contribute to market expansion. The increasing aging population and their demand for anti-aging solutions boost the market further. Advancements in formulation technologies and the development of innovative delivery systems enhance the effectiveness and appeal of hyaluronic acid serums. Additionally, the rising influence of social media and beauty influencers drives consumer interest and adoption.

Market Restraints:

Despite promising growth, the hyaluronic acid serums market faces challenges such as high product costs, regulatory hurdles, and competition from alternative skincare ingredients. The high costs associated with premium formulations can limit market accessibility for some consumers. Regulatory bodies impose stringent guidelines for cosmetic products, which can delay market entry and increase compliance costs. Furthermore, competition from other moisturizing and anti-aging ingredients can affect market share and growth.

Market Opportunities:

The hyaluronic acid serums market presents significant growth opportunities driven by expanding consumer bases, increasing investment in product innovation, and growing e-commerce platforms. The rising interest in personalized skincare solutions opens new avenues for market growth. Partnerships between skincare brands, research institutions, and technology providers foster innovation and development. Expanding online retail channels and direct-to-consumer sales models also pave the way for market expansion and new product introductions.

Key Questions Answered in the Report:

What are the primary factors driving the growth of the hyaluronic acid serums market globally?
Which consumer segments are leading the adoption of hyaluronic acid serums?
How are advancements in formulation technologies influencing the competitive landscape of the hyaluronic acid serums market?
Who are the key players in the hyaluronic acid serums market, and what strategies are they employing to maintain their market position?
What are the emerging trends and future prospects in the global hyaluronic acid serums market?

Competitive Intelligence and Business Strategy:

Leading players in the global hyaluronic acid serums market, such as L'Oreal, Estee Lauder, and Johnson & Johnson, focus on innovation, strategic partnerships, and marketing excellence to gain a competitive advantage. These companies invest heavily in R&D to develop advanced formulations and expand their product lines. Collaborations with dermatologists and skincare experts enhance market credibility and support the development of effective treatments. Additionally, leveraging digital marketing and influencer partnerships strengthens market positioning and consumer engagement.

Key Companies Profiled:

Shiseido Company
Glossier, Inc.
Dr. Dennis Gross Skincare, LLC
Biocrown Biotechnology Co., Ltd
Paula's Choice, LLC.
Peter Thomas Roth Labs LLC.
Season Cosmetics Co.
Pella Pharmaceuticals Co.
Neutrogena
Drunk Elephant
La Roche
SkinCeuticals

Key Segments of Hyaluronic Acid Serums Industry Research

By Product Type:

Facial Care
Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid
Sodium Hyaluronate
Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate
Hair Care

By Molecular Weight:

High Molecular Weight
Middle Molecular Weight
Low Molecular Weight

By End User:

Men
Women
Unisex

By Sales Channel:

Hypermarkets/Supermarkets
Specialty Stores
Convenience Stores
Online Retailers
Direct to Consumer
Third Party to Consumer
Others

By Region:

North America
Latin America
Europe
South Asia
East Asia
Oceania
Middle East & Africa

Product Code: PMRREP33392

1. Executive Summary

1.1. Global Market Outlook
1.2. Demand Side Trends
1.3. Supply Side Trends
1.4. Product Evolution Analysis
1.5. PMR Analysis and Recommendations

2. Market Overview

2.1. Market Coverage / Taxonomy
2.2. Market Definition / Scope / Limitations

3. Key Market Trends

3.1. Key Trends Impacting the Market
3.2. Product Innovation / Development Trends

4. Global Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Demand Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast, 2024-2033

4.1. Historical Market Volume (Units) Analysis, 2019-2023
4.2. Current and Future Market Volume (Units) Projections, 2024-2033
4.3. Y-o-Y Growth Trend Analysis

5. Global Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market - Pricing Analysis

5.1. Regional Pricing Analysis By Product Type
5.2. Pricing Break-up
- 5.2.1. Manufacturer Level Pricing
- 5.2.2. Distributor Level Pricing
5.3. Average Pricing Analysis Benchmark

6. Global Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Demand (in Value or Size in US$ Mn) Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast, 2024-2033

6.1. Historical Market Value (US$ Mn) Analysis, 2019-2023
6.2. Current and Future Market Value (US$ Mn) Projections, 2024-2033
- 6.2.1. Y-o-Y Growth Trend Analysis
- 6.2.2. Absolute $ Opportunity Analysis

7. Market Background

7.1. Macro-economic Factors
7.2. Industry Value and Supply Chain Analysis
- 7.2.1. Profit Margin Analysis at Each Sales Point
- 7.2.2. List & role of key participants
  - 7.2.2.1. Manufacturers
  - 7.2.2.2. Distributors/Retailers
  - 7.2.2.3. List of Private Label Brands
7.3. Forecast Factors - Relevance & Impact
- 7.3.1. Top Companies Historical Growth
- 7.3.2. Global Retail Sales Outlook
- 7.3.3. Urbanization Growth Outlook
- 7.3.4. Consumer Price Index
- 7.3.5. Others
7.4. PESTLE Analysis of Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market
7.5. Investment Feasibility Matrix of Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market
7.6. Porter's Five Force Analysis
7.7. Market Dynamics
- 7.7.1. Drivers
- 7.7.2. Restraints
- 7.7.3. Opportunity Analysis

8. Global Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast 2024-2033, by Product Type

8.1. Introduction / Key Findings
8.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Analysis By Product Type, 2019-2023
8.3. Current and Future Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Analysis and Forecast By Product Type, 2024-2033
- 8.3.1. Facial Care
  - 8.3.1.1. Hydrolyzed hyaluronic acid
  - 8.3.1.2. Sodium hyaluronate
  - 8.3.1.3. Sodium acetylated hyaluronate
- 8.3.2. Hair Care
8.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis By Product Type

9. Global Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast 2024-2033, by Molecular Weight

9.1. Introduction / Key Findings
9.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Analysis By Molecular Weight, 2019-2023
9.3. Current and Future Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Analysis and Forecast By Molecular Weight, 2024-2033
- 9.3.1. High Molecular Weight
- 9.3.2. Middle Molecular Weight
- 9.3.3. Low Molecular Weight
9.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis By Molecular Weight

10. Global Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast 2024-2033, by End User

10.1. Introduction / Key Findings
10.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Analysis By End User, 2019-2023
10.3. Current and Future Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Analysis and Forecast By End User, 2024-2033
- 10.3.1. Men
- 10.3.2. Women
- 10.3.3. Unisex
10.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis By End User

11. Global Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast 2024-2033, by Sales Channel

11.1. Introduction / Key Findings
11.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Analysis By Sales Channel, 2019-2023
11.3. Current and Future Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Analysis and Forecast By Sales Channel, 2024-2033
- 11.3.1. Hypermarket/Supermarket
- 11.3.2. Specialty Store
- 11.3.3. Convenience Store
- 11.3.4. Online Retailer
  - 11.3.4.1. Direct to Consumer
  - 11.3.4.2. Third Party to Consumer
- 11.3.5. Others
11.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis By Sales Channel

12. Global Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast 2024-2033, by Region

12.1. Introduction
12.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Analysis By Region, 2019-2023
12.3. Current Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Analysis and Forecast By Region, 2024-2033
- 12.3.1. North America
- 12.3.2. Latin America
- 12.3.3. Europe
- 12.3.4. South Asia
- 12.3.5. East Asia
- 12.3.6. Oceania
- 12.3.7. Middle East and Africa (MEA)
12.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis By Region

13. North America Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast 2024-2033

13.1. Introduction
13.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Trend Analysis By Market Taxonomy, 2019-2023
13.3. Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Forecast By Market Taxonomy, 2024-2033
- 13.3.1. By Country
  - 13.3.1.1. U.S.
  - 13.3.1.2. Canada
- 13.3.2. By Product Type
- 13.3.3. By Molecular Weight
- 13.3.4. By End User
- 13.3.5. By Sales Channel
13.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis
- 13.4.1. By Country
- 13.4.2. By Product Type
- 13.4.3. By Molecular Weight
- 13.4.4. By End User
- 13.4.5. By Sales Channel
13.5. Market Trends
13.6. Drivers and Restraints - Impact Analysis

14. Latin America Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast 2024-2033

14.1. Introduction
14.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Trend Analysis By Market Taxonomy, 2019-2023
14.3. Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Forecast By Market Taxonomy, 2024-2033
- 14.3.1. By Country
  - 14.3.1.1. Brazil
  - 14.3.1.2. Mexico
  - 14.3.1.3. Argentina
  - 14.3.1.4. Chile
  - 14.3.1.5. Rest of Latin America
- 14.3.2. By Product Type
- 14.3.3. By Molecular Weight
- 14.3.4. By End User
- 14.3.5. By Sales Channel
14.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis
- 14.4.1. By Country
- 14.4.2. By Product Type
- 14.4.3. By Molecular Weight
- 14.4.4. By End User
- 14.4.5. By Sales Channel
14.5. Market Trends
14.6. Drivers and Restraints - Impact Analysis

15. Europe Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast 2024-2033

15.1. Introduction
15.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Trend Analysis By Market Taxonomy, 2019-2023
15.3. Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Forecast By Market Taxonomy, 2024-2033
- 15.3.1. By Country
  - 15.3.1.1. U.K.
  - 15.3.1.2. Germany
  - 15.3.1.3. Italy
  - 15.3.1.4. Spain
  - 15.3.1.5. France
  - 15.3.1.6. Benelux
  - 15.3.1.7. Russia
  - 15.3.1.8. Rest of Europe
- 15.3.2. By Product Type
- 15.3.3. By Molecular Weight
- 15.3.4. By End User
- 15.3.5. By Sales Channel
15.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis
- 15.4.1. By Country
- 15.4.2. By Product Type
- 15.4.3. By Molecular Weight
- 15.4.4. By End User
- 15.4.5. By Sales Channel
15.5. Market Trends
15.6. Drivers and Restraints - Impact Analysis

16. South Asia Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast 2024-2033

16.1. Introduction
16.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Trend Analysis By Market Taxonomy, 2019-2023
16.3. Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Forecast By Market Taxonomy, 2024-2033
- 16.3.1. By Country
  - 16.3.1.1. India
  - 16.3.1.2. Thailand
  - 16.3.1.3. Indonesia
  - 16.3.1.4. Malaysia
  - 16.3.1.5. Rest of South Asia & Pacific
- 16.3.2. By Product Type
- 16.3.3. By Molecular Weight
- 16.3.4. By End User
- 16.3.5. By Sales Channel
16.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis
- 16.4.1. By Country
- 16.4.2. By Product Type
- 16.4.3. By Molecular Weight
- 16.4.4. By End User
- 16.4.5. By Sales Channel
16.5. Market Trends
16.6. Drivers and Restraints - Impact Analysis

17. East Asia Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast 2024-2033

17.1. Introduction
17.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Trend Analysis By Market Taxonomy, 2019-2023
17.3. Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Forecast By Market Taxonomy, 2024-2033
- 17.3.1. By Country
  - 17.3.1.1. China
  - 17.3.1.2. Japan
  - 17.3.1.3. South Korea
- 17.3.2. By Product Type
- 17.3.3. By Molecular Weight
- 17.3.4. By End User
- 17.3.5. By Sales Channel
17.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis
- 17.4.1. By Country
- 17.4.2. By Product Type
- 17.4.3. By Molecular Weight
- 17.4.4. By End User
- 17.4.5. By Sales Channel
17.5. Market Trends
17.6. Drivers and Restraints - Impact Analysis

18. Oceania Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast 2024-2033

18.1. Introduction
18.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Trend Analysis By Market Taxonomy, 2019-2023
18.3. Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Forecast By Market Taxonomy, 2024-2033
- 18.3.1. By Country
  - 18.3.1.1. Australia
  - 18.3.1.2. New Zealand
- 18.3.2. By Product Type
- 18.3.3. By Molecular Weight
- 18.3.4. By End User
- 18.3.5. By Sales Channel
18.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis
- 18.4.1. By Country
- 18.4.2. By Product Type
- 18.4.3. By Molecular Weight
- 18.4.4. By End User
- 18.4.5. By Sales Channel
18.5. Market Trends
18.6. Drivers and Restraints - Impact Analysis

19. Middle East & Africa Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis 2019-2023 and Forecast 2024-2033

19.1. Introduction
19.2. Historical Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Trend Analysis By Market Taxonomy, 2019-2023
19.3. Market Size (US$ Mn) and Volume Forecast By Market Taxonomy, 2024-2033
- 19.3.1. By Country
  - 19.3.1.1. GCC Countries
  - 19.3.1.2. Turkey
  - 19.3.1.3. Israel
  - 19.3.1.4. Egypt
  - 19.3.1.5. South Africa
  - 19.3.1.6. Rest of MEA
- 19.3.2. By Product Type
- 19.3.3. By Molecular Weight
- 19.3.4. By End User
- 19.3.5. By Sales Channel
19.4. Market Attractiveness Analysis
- 19.4.1. By Country
- 19.4.2. By Product Type
- 19.4.3. By Molecular Weight
- 19.4.4. By End User
- 19.4.5. By Sales Channel
19.5. Market Trends
19.6. Drivers and Restraints - Impact Analysis

20. Key Countries Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis, 2024

20.1. Introduction
- 20.1.1. Market Value Proportion Analysis, By Key Countries
- 20.1.2. Global Vs. Country Growth Comparison
20.2. U.S. Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.2.1. By Product Type
- 20.2.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.2.3. By End User
- 20.2.4. By Sales Channel
20.3. Canada Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.3.1. By Product Type
- 20.3.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.3.3. By End User
- 20.3.4. By Sales Channel
20.4. By Sales Channel Mexico Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.4.1. By Product Type
- 20.4.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.4.3. By End User
- 20.4.4. By Sales Channel
20.5. Brazil Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.5.1. By Product Type
- 20.5.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.5.3. By End User
- 20.5.4. By Sales Channel
20.6. Germany Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.6.1. By Product Type
- 20.6.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.6.3. By End User
- 20.6.4. By Sales Channel
20.7. Italy Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.7.1. By Product Type
- 20.7.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.7.3. By End User
- 20.7.4. By Sales Channel
20.8. France Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.8.1. By Product Type
- 20.8.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.8.3. By End User
- 20.8.4. By Sales Channel
20.9. U.K. Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.9.1. By Product Type
- 20.9.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.9.3. By End User
- 20.9.4. By Sales Channel
20.10. Spain Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.10.1. By Product Type
- 20.10.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.10.3. By End User
- 20.10.4. By Sales Channel
20.11. Russia Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.11.1. By Product Type
- 20.11.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.11.3. By End User
- 20.11.4. By Sales Channel
20.12. China Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.12.1. By Product Type
- 20.12.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.12.3. By End User
- 20.12.4. By Sales Channel
20.13. Japan Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.13.1. By Product Type
- 20.13.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.13.3. By End User
- 20.13.4. By Sales Channel
20.14. S. Korea Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.14.1. By Product Type
- 20.14.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.14.3. By End User
- 20.14.4. By Sales Channel
20.15. India Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.15.1. By Product Type
- 20.15.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.15.3. By End User
- 20.15.4. By Sales Channel
20.16. Australia Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.16.1. By Product Type
- 20.16.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.16.3. By End User
- 20.16.4. By Sales Channel
20.17. New Zealand Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.17.1. By Product Type
- 20.17.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.17.3. By End User
- 20.17.4. By Sales Channel
20.18. Turkey Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.18.1. By Product Type
- 20.18.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.18.3. By End User
- 20.18.4. By Sales Channel
20.19. South Africa Hyaluronic Acid Serums Market Analysis
- 20.19.1. By Product Type
- 20.19.2. By Molecular Weight
- 20.19.3. By End User
- 20.19.4. By Sales Channel

21. Market Structure Analysis

21.1. Market Analysis by Tier of Companies (Hyaluronic Acid Serums)
21.2. Market Share Analysis of Top Players
21.3. Market Presence Analysis
- 21.3.1. By Regional Footprint of Players
- 21.3.2. Product Footprint by Players

22. Competition Analysis

22.1. Competition Dashboard
22.2. Competition Benchmarking
22.3. Competition Deep Dive
- 22.3.1. Shiseido Company
  - 22.3.1.1. Overview
  - 22.3.1.2. Product Portfolio
  - 22.3.1.3. Profitability by Market Segments (Product/Channel/Region)
  - 22.3.1.4. Sales Footprint
  - 22.3.1.5. Strategy Overview
- 22.3.2. Glossier, Inc.
  - 22.3.2.1. Overview
  - 22.3.2.2. Product Portfolio
  - 22.3.2.3. Profitability by Market Segments (Product/Channel/Region)
  - 22.3.2.4. Sales Footprint
  - 22.3.2.5. Strategy Overview
- 22.3.3. Dr. Dennis Gross Skincare, LLC
  - 22.3.3.1. Overview
  - 22.3.3.2. Product Portfolio
  - 22.3.3.3. Profitability by Market Segments (Product/Channel/Region)
  - 22.3.3.4. Sales Footprint
  - 22.3.3.5. Strategy Overview
- 22.3.4. Biocrown Biotechnology Co., Ltd
  - 22.3.4.1. Overview
  - 22.3.4.2. Product Portfolio
  - 22.3.4.3. Profitability by Market Segments (Product/Channel/Region)
  - 22.3.4.4. Sales Footprint
  - 22.3.4.5. Strategy Overview
- 22.3.5. Paula's Choice, LLC.
  - 22.3.5.1. Overview
  - 22.3.5.2. Product Portfolio
  - 22.3.5.3. Profitability by Market Segments (Product/Channel/Region)
  - 22.3.5.4. Sales Footprint
  - 22.3.5.5. Strategy Overview
- 22.3.6. Peter Thomas Roth Labs LLC.
  - 22.3.6.1. Overview
  - 22.3.6.2. Product Portfolio
  - 22.3.6.3. Profitability by Market Segments (Product/Channel/Region)
  - 22.3.6.4. Sales Footprint
  - 22.3.6.5. Strategy Overview
- 22.3.7. Season Cosmetics Co.
  - 22.3.7.1. Overview
  - 22.3.7.2. Product Portfolio
  - 22.3.7.3. Profitability by Market Segments (Product/Channel/Region)
  - 22.3.7.4. Sales Footprint
  - 22.3.7.5. Strategy Overview
- 22.3.8. Pella Pharmaceuticals Co.
  - 22.3.8.1. Overview
  - 22.3.8.2. Product Portfolio
  - 22.3.8.3. Profitability by Market Segments (Product/Channel/Region)
  - 22.3.8.4. Sales Footprint
  - 22.3.8.5. Strategy Overview
- 22.3.9. Neutrogena
  - 22.3.9.1. Overview
  - 22.3.9.2. Product Portfolio
  - 22.3.9.3. Profitability by Market Segments (Product/Channel/Region)
  - 22.3.9.4. Sales Footprint
  - 22.3.9.5. Strategy Overview
- 22.3.10. Drunk Elephant
  - 22.3.10.1. Overview
  - 22.3.10.2. Product Portfolio
  - 22.3.10.3. Profitability by Market Segments (Product/Channel/Region)
  - 22.3.10.4. Sales Footprint
  - 22.3.10.5. Strategy Overview
- 22.3.11. La Roche
  - 22.3.11.1. Overview
  - 22.3.11.2. Product Portfolio
  - 22.3.11.3. Profitability by Market Segments (Product/Channel/Region)
  - 22.3.11.4. Sales Footprint
  - 22.3.11.5. Strategy Overview
- 22.3.12. SkinCeuticals
  - 22.3.12.1. Overview
  - 22.3.12.2. Product Portfolio
  - 22.3.12.3. Profitability by Market Segments (Product/Channel/Region)
  - 22.3.12.4. Sales Footprint
  - 22.3.12.5. Strategy Overview
- 22.3.13. Other Players (As requested)
  - 22.3.13.1. Overview
  - 22.3.13.2. Product Portfolio
  - 22.3.13.3. Profitability by Market Segments (Product/Channel/Region)
  - 22.3.13.4. Sales Footprint
  - 22.3.13.5. Strategy Overview