Unmethylated Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) | Primary Research (KOL's Insight) | Market Intelligence | Epidemiology & Market Forecast-2035

Brain or spinal cord tumors with unmethylated glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) have a rapid growth rate. With a median survival of 15 months, GBM is still in an incurable condition. Five years after diagnosis, only 5% of patients were still alive. GBM has major and minor subtypes, affects patients of various ages, and develops along various genetic pathways, each with a unique prognosis. The most frequent primary brain tumor in adults is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which accounts for 45.2% of all malignant brain and central nervous system tumors. While secondary GBM is brought on by low-grade astrocytoma or oligodendrocytes in younger patients with a median age of 45 years, primary GBM accounts for 80% of GBM and occurs in older patients with a median age of 62 years. Despite aggressive, multimodal therapy that includes chemotherapy with alkylating agents, the outlook for patients with glioblastoma remains poor. The most common alkylating agent in glioblastoma, temozolomide, is cytotoxic to cells by causing DNA damage, but protein O (6)-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) can quickly repair the damage.

Description

Unmethylated Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a brain or spinal cord tumor that is advancing quickly. With a median survival of 15 months, GBM is still an incurable disease. Only 5% of patients had survived five years after diagnosis. Major and minor subtypes of GBM exist, patients with the disease range in age, and the disease develops along various genetic pathways with various outcomes. Adults who have it are more likely to develop a primary malignant brain tumor. GBM rarely spreads outside of the brain, spine, or central nervous system to other body organs. Due to its complexity and the difficulty in treating it, this type of tumor has been the subject of extensive research in the UK and elsewhere. The terms "glioblastoma" and "pleomorphic," which translate to "highly variable," refer to a group of tumors known as GBMs that contain a variety of "glial" brain cells. These tumor's various cell types interact closely with astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and vascular cells, which are common types of normal brain cells. Genetic mutations (damages to DNA that affect specific genes) and the activity of the affected genes affect how cancer cells develop in different ways. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), glioblastoma is classified as a grade 4 brain tumor based on the tissue taken from a tumor sample (biopsy) and how it looks under a microscope. The type and nature of a tumor can also be determined by how it appears on a brain scan, but this method is less accurate than examining the tumor's cells directly. There are multiple tumors in the brain in a small number of patients who have been diagnosed with multifocal and focal glioblastoma.

Unmethylated Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) (Epidemiology)

The most frequent primary brain tumor in adults is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), which accounts for 45.2% of all malignant brain and central nervous system tumors. With a median age of 62 years, primary GBM accounts for 80% of GBM cases, while secondary GBM is brought on by low-grade astrocytomas or oligodendrocytes in younger patients with a median age of 45 years. Secondary GBM typically develops in the frontal lobe, has less necrosis, and is more likely to survive than primary GBM. The only known risk factors for GBM as of right now are radiation and a few genetic syndromes, it was discovered. Patients may visit the clinic with a variety of symptoms, depending on where the tumor is located. Various invasive and non-invasive imaging techniques must be used to confirm the presence and size of the tumor. According to a review of the literature, the pathogenesis is caused by multiple genetic mutations, altered gene expression, and aberrations of numerous signaling pathways. Although the disease has a poor prognosis and patients typically pass away within 14 months of diagnosis, there are a number of treatment options available, including surgery, adjuvant chemo- and radiotherapy, and other forms of treatment.

Unmethylated Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) -Current Market Size & Forecast Trends

The market for unmethylated glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment is projected to grow significantly, with the global glioblastoma multiforme treatment market valued at approximately USD 2.58 billion in 2023 and expected to reach around USD 5.68 billion by 2033, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.23% from 2024 to 2033. The increasing incidence of glioblastoma, advancements in treatment modalities such as surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies, as well as ongoing research into immunotherapy and personalized medicine, are driving this growth. Overall, the market for unmethylated GBM is well-positioned for substantial expansion through 2035 as new therapies continue to emerge and improve patient outcomes.

Despite aggressive, multimodal therapy with alkylating chemotherapy, the outlook for patients with glioblastoma remains poor. Temozolomide, the most common alkylating agent used to treat glioblastoma, causes DNA damage that is cytotoxic to cells but can be quickly repaired by the enzyme protein O (6)-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). The MGMT promoter is methylated in a subset of glioblastomas, compromising the repair mechanism, and granting chemosensitivity. MGMT is overexpressed in 60% of glioblastomas, which results in an innate resistance to alkylating agents and calls into question the efficacy of temozolomide in this population. The clinical standard of care, which includes the safest surgical resection, radiation treatment, and chemotherapy, is currently constrained primarily by the treatment's inefficiency and the condition of the patient's prognosis. Immunotherapies with a primary focus on peptide vaccines, dendritic cell vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, checkpoint inhibitor therapy, and tumor virus therapy have shown encouraging results in both preclinical and clinical trials. Vaccine therapy, cell therapy, chemoradiotherapy, and molecular therapy that targets the tumor microenvironment are necessary for the future of GBM immunotherapy.

Report Highlights

Unmethylated Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) - Current Market Trends

Unmethylated Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) - Current & Forecasted Cases across the G8 Countries

Unmethylated Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) - Market Opportunities and Sales Potential for Agents

Unmethylated Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) - Patient-based Market Forecast to 2035

Unmethylated Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) - Untapped Business Opportunities

Unmethylated Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) - Product Positioning Vis-a-vis Competitors' Products

Unmethylated Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) - KOLs Insight