PUBLISHER: Mellalta Meets LLP | PRODUCT CODE: 1634490
PUBLISHER: Mellalta Meets LLP | PRODUCT CODE: 1634490
In terms of histology, epidemiology, and pathology (EAC), the three main subtypes of gastroesophageal cancer that are distinct from one another are gastric adenocarcinoma, gastroesophageal junctional (GEJ) adenocarcinoma, and oesophageal cancer, which is further divided into squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and adenocarcinoma. The incidence of GEJ tumors has significantly increased in Western populations, and distal oesophageal cancer is the most prevalent form of esophageal cancer in the USA. The incidence of proximal gastric cancer has increased, while that of distal gastric cancer has decreased. The aberrant fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) pathway is appealing for targetable therapy with FGFR inhibition based on preclinical data showing a critical role in the development of gastric cancer (GC).
Description
Esophageal cancer, further subdivided into gastric adenocarcinoma, gastroesophageal nodular adenocarcinoma (GEO), squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and adenocarcinoma, are the three major subtypes of gastroesophageal cancer that differ from each other epidemiologically and pathologically. (EAC). Among the fourth and sixth leading causes of cancer death, stomach and esophageal cancers are also the fifth and seventh most common cancers worldwide. Tumor formation and tumor spread can result from dysregulation of FGFR signaling. Amplification of FGFR2, the most common abnormality of the FGFR2 gene, is associated with GC, particularly the diffuse subtype, and accounts for 2-9% of GC. FGFR2 overexpression was present in 31-61% of patients, which was associated with more aggressive features such as higher T stage, more frequent lymph node metastases, and poorer overall survival.
FGFR2b+ Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Cancer (Epidemiology)
Western populations have seen a marked rise in the incidence of GEJ tumors, and the most common type of esophageal cancer in the USA is distal oesophageal cancer. Similar to this, the incidence of proximal gastric cancer has increased while the incidence of distal gastric cancer has decreased. In the USA, GEJ tumor frequency has increased yearly by 4 to 10% since 1976. Proximal gastric cancer, cancer of the cardia, and distal esophageal cancer accounted for approximately 30%-40% of total gastric carcinoma in Western countries and, curiously, in China, which was significantly higher than in other Eastern centers like Japan and Korea. According to estimates from the World Health Organization, gastric cancer claimed 783,000 lives in 2018. Regional variations in the incidence of this illness exist all over the world. In comparison to North America or Northern Europe, Asia has a higher incidence of the disease (e. g. the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Mongolia, and Japan). Iran, Turkmenistan, and Kyrgyzstan have some of the highest death rates in western Asia. authored by Arnold et al. It was predicted that global incidence rates of gastric cancer will continue to decline in the majority of countries, including high-incidence nations like Japan and low-incidence nations like Australia, using data from 92 cancer registries in 34 countries representing 10 world regions. By 2035, six cases per 100,000 person-years or less will qualify as rare in 16 of those 34 nations. However, it is anticipated that globally, more people will develop gastric cancer. Some nations, like Bulgaria and Lithuania, may be seeing a slight decline in the number of new cases, whereas other nations, like Canada, Cyprus, South Korea, Slovakia, and Thailand, may be seeing an increase. "Arnie" and "co. 15 out of 34 nations, including Belarus, Chile, the Netherlands, Canada, and the United Kingdom, predicted increases in incidence in people under 50. According to the American Cancer Society, stomach cancer will be diagnosed in 26,560 people in 2021 (16,160 men and 10,400 women). For a diagnosis, a patient must be 68 years old on average. In the US, the frequency of gastric cancer is ranked fifteenth. A significant rise in the incidence of GEJ and esophageal cancer has been observed in numerous population-based studies from Western nations. It is noteworthy that the incidence of GEJ adenocarcinoma increased noticeably more slowly than esophageal adenocarcinoma. Due to similar risk factors, these two types of adenocarcinomas can occasionally be confused.
FGFR2b+ Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Cancer -Current Market Size & Forecast Trends
The market for FGFR2b-positive gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer is projected to grow significantly, with the gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma therapeutics market valued at approximately USD 5.55 billion in 2022 and expected to reach around USD 34.3 billion by 2033, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 18% during the forecast period from 2023 to 2033. The growth is driven by increasing prevalence, advancements in treatment options, and the successful integration of targeted therapies like bemarituzumab, which has shown improved overall survival in clinical trials for patients with FGFR2b-positive tumors. With approximately 30% of HER2-negative advanced gastric and GEJ cancers overexpressing FGFR2b, the demand for effective treatments targeting this biomarker is expected to rise. North America is anticipated to hold a significant market share due to its advanced healthcare infrastructure, while Asia is likely to see rapid growth due to the high incidence of gastric cancers in the region. Overall, the market for FGFR2b-positive GEJ cancer is well-positioned for robust expansion through 2035 as new therapies continue to emerge and enhance patient outcomes.
The aberrant fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) pathway is attractive for targetable therapy with FGFR inhibition based on preclinical data showing a critical role in the development of gastric cancer (GC). FGFR2 amplification, which is frequently linked to worse prognosis outcomes, is the most prevalent FGFR2 gene aberration in gastroesophageal cancer. Significant strides have been made in the development of FGFR-inhibiting drugs. For gastroesophageal cancer that is FGFR2 positive, no FGFR inhibitor is currently approved. Bemarituzumab, a selective FGFR2b monoclonal antibody, is being studied in the first phase III randomized trial for people with first-line advanced GC, which may change the way FGFR2b positive GC is treated. The clinical value of FGFR signaling, and specifically FGFR2, in patients with oesophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC), is weak. Precision medicine is used to treat gastrointestinal cancers as part of a broader approach, but due to the heterogeneity of these cancers, patient selection using circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) may be beneficial in the future.
Report Highlights
FGFR2b+ Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Cancer - Current Market Trends
FGFR2b+ Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Cancer - Current & Forecasted Cases across the G8 Countries
FGFR2b+ Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Cancer - Market Opportunities and Sales Potential for Agents
FGFR2b+ Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Cancer - Patient-based Market Forecast to 2035
FGFR2b+ Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Cancer - Untapped Business Opportunities
FGFR2b+ Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Cancer - Product Positioning Vis-a-vis Competitors' Products
FGFR2b+ Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Cancer - KOLs Insight