Global Car-t Therapy Market Pipeline

CAR-T therapy, or chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, is a groundbreaking advancement in the field of immunotherapy, particularly in the treatment of hematologic malignancies such as leukemia and lymphoma. This highly specialized procedure involves the genetic modification of a patient's T cells to express receptors specifically designed to recognize and attack cancer cells.

The process begins with the collection of T cells from the patient's blood through leukapheresis. These cells are then altered in a laboratory setting to produce chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) on their surface. The engineered T cells are subsequently expanded in number before being infused back into the patient's body to target and eliminate cancer cells.

MARKET INSIGHTS

Key enablers of the global CAR-T therapy market growth:

Expanding the range of targets and indications
Surge in clinical and preclinical studies yielding positive results
Growing collaborations and acquisitions in the market

The field of CAR-T cell therapy has seen a surge of new companies entering through collaborations and joint ventures. These partnerships drive the market by fostering opportunities where the synergy of diverse ideas and technical skills can be leveraged.

Acquisitions play a crucial role in the CAR-T therapy landscape, allowing companies to diversify their portfolios and address a broader spectrum of medical conditions. By merging resources and expertise, companies can expand their capabilities and offer more comprehensive solutions in the field of CAR-T therapy.

Collaborations and acquisitions also facilitate access to global markets and streamline regulatory approvals across different regions, ultimately increasing patient access to CAR-T therapy.

Key growth restraining factors of the global CAR-T therapy market:

Optimizing dosing and addressing toxicity concerns
Ensuring scalability and cost-effectiveness for accessibility and affordability

The therapy's high upfront cost poses a substantial barrier. The complex process of mass-producing CAR-T cell products, combined with the need for synchronized clinical data, setup, and developmental costs, contributes to these financial challenges.

The financial burden associated with CAR-T therapy often limits patient access, as the high costs make it unaffordable for many individuals. This limitation not only affects patient outcomes but also impacts market demand.

High treatment costs and financial barriers create a challenging market environment for CAR-T therapy, especially when more cost-effective alternatives are available. The competition from these alternatives can further impede the market expansion of CAR-T therapy.

Overcoming technological barriers

CAR-T Therapy | Overview

Introduction
Structure of CAR-T cells

CAR-T cells have become a promising alternative to traditional treatments such as radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy for malignant cancers. CARs are specially engineered receptors that modify T cell receptors (TCRs) and are composed of four primary components: target antigen-binding domain, spacer region, transmembrane domain, and intracellular signaling domains.

These synthetic components are incorporated into viral vectors and subsequently introduced into T cells. This modification redirects the immune response specifically towards malignant cells, enhancing the body's ability to target and destroy cancer cells effectively.

CARS generations
Advantages of CAR-T cells

Tumor cells often lack the costimulatory ligands required for effective T-cell activation, which limits the efficacy of first-generation CARs. Prolonged in vitro expansion of T cells can further decrease receptors for these ligands, compounding the problem.

To overcome this, second-generation CARs have been developed with additional stimulatory domains from costimulatory molecules like CD28, OX40, 4-1BB, DAP10, ICOS, and Lck. These domains provide both signal-1 and signal-2 upon antigen engagement, enhancing T-cell activation and preventing apoptosis due to insufficient signaling. Studies show that second-generation CARs improve T cell function compared to first-generation CARs.

Third-generation CARs incorporate three or more stimulatory domains (e.g., CD3z-CD28-41BB or CD3z-CD28-OX40) to boost potency. However, they have shown mixed results regarding costimulation potential, and there are concerns about adverse events, indicating the need for careful development in this area.

Adverse events with CAR-T cell therapy
Limitations of existing technologies for CAR-T cells

COMPETITIVE INSIGHTS

Major players in the global CAR-T therapy market:

Carsgen Therapeutics
Gilead Sciences
Novartis AG
Tessa Therapeutics
Janssen Pharmaceuticals
Bristol Myers Squibb
JW Therapeutics

Novartis AG is an international manufacturer of healthcare products, operating through two segments: Innovative Medicines and Sandoz. The company's product portfolio includes surgical instruments, ophthalmic pharmaceuticals, vision care products, generic medicines and biosimilars. It provides products for cancer, cardiometabolic, and cell and gene therapy. It offers its products under AIR OPTIX, Alcon, Sandoz, Votrient, DAILIES, FreshLook, Clear Care, and Lucentis brands. Novartis operates across Asia-Pacific, Europe, the Americas, and the Middle East and Africa. The company is headquartered in Basel, Switzerland.

CTL119 (CD19 CAR) is a humanized CD19 CAR therapy currently in Phase II clinical trials for treating Acute Lymphoid Leukemia. Novartis are developing this therapy in collaboration with the University of Pennsylvania. The production of CTL119 involves extracting some of the patient's T cells and reprogramming them at Penn's Clinical Cell and Vaccine Production Facility using a gene transfer technique. This process equips the T cells with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), an antibody-like protein that specifically targets the CD19 protein on the surface of cancerous B cells. Once these engineered "hunter" cells are infused back into the patient's body, they proliferate and are believed to effectively target and destroy the cancer cells.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs):

What types of cancer can be treated with CAR-T therapy?

A: Currently, CAR-T therapy is primarily used to treat certain types of blood cancers, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and certain types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Research is ongoing to expand its application to other cancers, including solid tumors.

What are the potential benefits of CAR-T therapy?

A: CAR-T therapy can provide a targeted approach to cancer treatment, leading to significant tumor reduction or complete remission in some patients who have not responded to other treatments. It offers a new hope for patients with relapsed or refractory cancers.

What is the future of CAR-T therapy?

A: The future of CAR-T therapy is promising, with ongoing research aimed at improving its effectiveness, reducing side effects, and expanding its use to other types of cancer. Advances in genetic engineering and immunotherapy continue to drive the evolution of CAR-T treatments.

Product Code: 90721

1. INTRODUCTION TO THE REPORT

2. CAR-T THERAPY: SUMMARY

3. OVERVIEW

3.1. INTRODUCTION
3.2. STRUCTURE OF CAR-T CELLS
3.3. CARS GENERATIONS
3.4. ADVANTAGES OF CAR-T CELLS
3.5. ADVERSE EVENTS WITH CAR-T CELL THERAPY
3.6. LIMITATIONS OF EXISTING TECHNOLOGIES FOR CAR-T CELLS

4. MARKET DYNAMICS

4.1. KEY DRIVERS
- 4.1.1. EXPANDING RANGE OF TARGETS AND INDICATIONS
- 4.1.2. SURGE IN CLINICAL AND PRECLINICAL STUDIES YIELDING POSITIVE RESULTS
- 4.1.3. GROWING COLLABORATIONS AND ACQUISITIONS
4.2. KEY RESTRAINTS
- 4.2.1. OPTIMIZING DOSING AND ADDRESSING TOXICITY CONCERNS
- 4.2.2. ENSURING SCALABILITY AND COST-EFFECTIVENESS FOR ACCESSIBILITY AND AFFORDABILITY
- 4.2.3. OVERCOMING TECHNOLOGICAL BARRIERS

5. PIPELINE THERAPEUTICS

5.1. CURRENT PIPELINE OVERVIEW
5.2. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS: PRODUCTS IN VARIOUS PHASES

6. THERAPEUTIC ASSESSMENT: ACTIVE PRODUCTS

6.1. EVALUATION BY ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
6.2. EVALUATION BY STAGE AND ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION
6.3. EVALUATION BY THERAPY AREA
6.4. EVALUATION BY STAGE AND THERAPY AREA
6.5. EVALUATION BY PRODUCT TYPE
6.6. EVALUATION BY STAGE AND PRODUCT TYPE

7. LATE-STAGE PRODUCTS (REGISTERED)

7.1. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
- 7.1.1. CNCT-19: CASI PHARMACEUTICALS/JUVENTAS CELL THERAPY
  - 7.1.1.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
  - 7.1.1.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
  - 7.1.1.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
  - 7.1.1.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
- 7.1.2. CT053: CARSGEN THERAPEUTICS
  - 7.1.2.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
  - 7.1.2.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
  - 7.1.2.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
  - 7.1.2.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES

8. MID-STAGE PRODUCTS (PHASE II)

8.1. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
8.2. JWCAR029: JW THERAPEUTICS
- 8.2.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.2.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.2.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
8.3. KTE-X19: JW THERAPEUTICS
- 8.3.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.3.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.3.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
8.4. CILTACABTAGENE AUTOLEUCEL: JANSSEN PHARMACEUTICALS
- 8.4.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.4.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.4.3. PRODUCT AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
8.5. DESCARTES 11: CARTESIAN THERAPEUTICS
- 8.5.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.5.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
8.6. CTL119: NOVARTIS
- 8.6.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.6.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.6.3. PRODUCT AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
8.7. TT11: TESSA THERAPEUTICS
- 8.7.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.7.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.7.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 8.7.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
8.8. CD19+CD22 CAR-T CELL SEQUENTIAL THERAPY: WUHAN BIO RAID BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 8.8.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.8.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.8.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
8.9. MB-CART2019.1: MILTENYI BIOMEDICINE
- 8.9.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.9.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.9.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 8.9.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
8.10. JCAR017: BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB
- 8.10.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.10.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.10.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 8.10.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
8.11. DESCARTES-08: CARTESIAN THERAPEUTICS
- 8.11.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.11.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.11.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
8.12. PCAR-19B: CHONGQING PRECISION BIOTECH
- 8.12.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.12.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
8.13. ALLO-501A: ALLOGENE THERAPEUTICS
- 8.13.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.13.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.13.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 8.13.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
8.14. HUMAN CD19 TARGETED T-CELLS INJECTION THERAPY: HRAIN BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 8.14.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.14.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
8.15. UCART19: SERVIER
- 8.15.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.15.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.15.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 8.15.4. PRODUCT AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
8.16. CART-DDBCMA: ARCELLX
- 8.16.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.16.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.16.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 8.16.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
8.17. CD22 CAR T: CARGO THERAPEUTICS
- 8.17.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.17.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.17.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 8.17.4. PRODUCT AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
8.18. GC007G: GRACELL BIO
- 8.18.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
8.19. CD7 CAR-T CELLS INFUSION: PERSONGEN BIOTHERAPEUTICS (SUZHOU)
- 8.19.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.19.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.19.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
8.20. KITE-222: KITE PHARMA
- 8.20.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.20.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 8.20.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
8.21. AXICABTAGENE CILOLEUCEL: KITE PHARMA
- 8.21.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.21.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
8.22. BCMA CHIMERIC ANTIGEN RECEPTOR THERAPY: HRAIN BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 8.22.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.22.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
8.23. IMN-003A: IMMUNEEL
- 8.23.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 8.23.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

9. EARLY-STAGE PRODUCTS (PHASE I/II)

9.1. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
9.2. AUTO4: AUTOLUS LIMITED
- 9.2.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.2.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.2.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
9.3. AUTO3: AUTOLUS LIMITED
- 9.3.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.3.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.3.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.4. IM19 CAR-T: BEIJING IMMUNOCHINA MEDICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
- 9.4.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.4.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.5. CT032: CARSGEN THERAPEUTICS CO., LTD
- 9.5.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.5.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.6. ORVACABTAGENE AUTOLEUCEL: CELGENE
- 9.6.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.6.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.6.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.7. BCMA CAR-T CELLS: CHONGQING PRECISION BIOTECH
- 9.7.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.7.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.8. CD123 CAR-T CELLS: CHONGQING PRECISION BIOTECH
- 9.8.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.8.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.9. CD19 CAR-T CELLS: CHONGQING PRECISION BIOTECH
- 9.9.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.9.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.10. CIK-CAR.CD19: COIMMUNE, INC
- 9.10.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.10.2. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.11. MB-102: MUSTANG BIO
- 9.11.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.11.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.11.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.12. AU101: AURORA BIOPHARMA
- 9.12.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
9.13. ATA2271: ATARA BIOTHERAPEUTICS
- 9.13.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.13.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.14. AU105: AURORA BIOPHARMA
- 9.14.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
9.15. AUTO1: AUTOLUS THERAPEUTICS LTD
- 9.15.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.15.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.15.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 9.15.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.16. CAR-T CELLS TARGETING CD19 AND CD22: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 9.16.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.16.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.17. HUMNC2-CAR44 CAR-T CELLS: MINERVA BIOTECHNOLOGIES
- 9.17.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.17.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.18. CD19-CART: SHANGHAI GENECHEM
- 9.18.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
9.19. MB-106 (CD20 CAR): MUSTANG BIO
- 9.19.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.19.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.19.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
9.20. CTX110: CRISPR THERAPEUTICS
- 9.20.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.20.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.21. WU-CART-007: WUGEN
- 9.21.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.21.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.21.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 9.21.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.22. GC012F: GRACELL BIOTECHNOLOGY SHANGHAI CO., LTD
- 9.22.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.22.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.22.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 9.22.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.23. C-CAR039: CELLULAR BIOMEDICINE GROUP LTD
- 9.23.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.23.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.23.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.24. VOR33: VOR BIOPHARMA
- 9.24.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.24.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.24.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.25. BBT369: 2SEVENTY BIO
- 9.25.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.25.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.26. UCART20X22: CELLECTIS S.A.
- 9.26.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.26.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.27. NXC 201: NEXCELLA
- 9.27.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.27.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.27.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
9.28. IVS-3001: INVECTYS
- 9.28.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.28.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.28.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
9.29. IMPT 314: IMMPACT BIO
- 9.29.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.29.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.29.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
9.30. CT120: IASO BIOTHERAPEUTICS
- 9.30.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.30.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.30.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
9.31. CD22 CHIMERIC ANTIGEN RECEPTOR T CELL THERAPY: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 9.31.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.31.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.32. CD19 CAR-T CELL THERAPY: SHANGHAI UNICAR-THERAPY BIO-MEDICINE TECHNOLOGY
- 9.32.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.32.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.32.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.33. CART22 THERAPY: NOVARTIS PHARMACEUTICALS
- 9.33.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.33.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.34. KD-182 CAR T CELLS: NANJING KAEDI BIOTECH
- 9.34.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
9.35. CRC01: CUROCELL
- 9.35.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.35.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.35.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.36. CT041: CARSGEN THERAPEUTICS
- 9.36.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.36.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.36.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 9.36.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.37. VCAR33: VOR BIOPHARMA
- 9.37.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.37.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.37.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL STUDIES
9.38. PBCAR0191: PRECISION BIOSCIENCES
- 9.38.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.38.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.38.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 9.38.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.39. HUMANIZED CD19 CAR-T CELLS: SHANGHAI UNICAR-THERAPY BIO-MEDICINE TECHNOLOGY
- 9.39.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.39.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.40. TBI-1501: TAKARA BIO
- 9.40.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.40.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.41. BNT211: BIONTECH
- 9.41.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.41.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.41.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
9.42. MB-CART19.1: MILTENYI BIOMEDICINE
- 9.42.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.42.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.42.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
9.43. MB-CART20.1: MILTENYI BIOMEDICINE
- 9.43.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.43.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.43.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
9.44. CD-7 CAR-T MOLECULE: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 9.44.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.44.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.45. KD-025 CAR T CELLS: NANJING KAEDI BIOTECH
- 9.45.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
9.46. IM19 CAR-T: BEIJING IMMUNOCHINA MEDICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
- 9.46.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.46.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.47. IC9-CAR19 CELLS: BELLICUM PHARMACEUTICALS
- 9.47.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.47.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.48. KYV-101: KYVERNA THERAPEUTICS
- 9.48.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.48.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.48.3. PRODUCT AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.49. UCART22: CELLECTIS
- 9.49.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.49.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.49.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.50. HUMANIZED CD19 CAR-T CELLS: SHANGHAI UNICAR-THERAPY BIO-MEDICINE TECHNOLOGY
- 9.50.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.50.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.51. BOXR 1030: SOTIO BIOTECH INC
- 9.51.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.51.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.51.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 9.51.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.52. BEAM 201: BEAM THERAPEUTICS
- 9.52.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.52.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 9.52.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
9.53. AT101: ABCLON
- 9.53.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 9.53.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

10. EARLY-STAGE PRODUCTS (PHASE I)

10.1. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
10.2. CT103A: NANJING IASO BIOTECHNOLOGY CO., LTD
10.3. AUTO1/22: AUTOLUS THERAPEUTICS
- 10.3.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
10.4. IM21 CAR-T: BEIJING IMMUNOCHINA MEDICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
- 10.4.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.4.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.5. CAR-GPC3: CARSGEN THERAPEUTICS
- 10.5.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.5.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.6. JCAR 020: CELGENE CORPORATION (A BMS COMPANY)
- 10.6.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.6.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.7. CD19 ARMORED CAR: CELGENE CORPORATION (A BMS COMPANY)
- 10.7.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.7.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.8. ALLO-715: ALLOGENE THERAPEUTICS
- 10.8.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.8.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.8.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 10.8.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.9. PRGN-3005: PRECIGEN
- 10.9.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.9.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.9.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 10.9.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.10. XYF19 CAR-T CELLS: XI'AN YUFAN BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.10.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.10.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.10.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
10.11. WZTL-002: WELLINGTON ZHAOTAI THERAPIES
- 10.11.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.11.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.12. TI-1007: TIMMUNE BIOTECH
- 10.12.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
10.13. KUR-501: ATHENEX, INC
- 10.13.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.13.2. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.14. KUR-502: ATHENEX, INC
- 10.14.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.14.2. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 10.14.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.15. GC019F: GRACELL BIOTECHNOLOGY SHANGHAI CO., LTD
- 10.15.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.15.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.15.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.16. MB-104: MUSTANG BIO
- 10.16.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
10.17. MB-105: MUSTANG BIO
- 10.17.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
10.18. MB-101: MUSTANG BIO
- 10.18.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
10.19. CTX120: CRISPR THERAPEUTICS
- 10.19.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.19.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.20. CTX130: CRISPR THERAPEUTICS
- 10.20.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.20.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.21. BCMA TARGETED CAR-T CELLS: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.21.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.21.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.22. CD19/BCMA TARGETED CAR-T CELLS: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.22.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.22.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.23. CD4CAR: ICELL GENE THERAPEUTICS
- 10.23.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.23.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.23.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.24. FT-819: FATE THERAPEUTICS
- 10.24.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.24.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.25. CB-010: CARIBOU BIOSCIENCES
- 10.25.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.25.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.25.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 10.25.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.26. P MUC1C ALLO1: POSEIDA THERAPEUTICS
- 10.26.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.26.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.26.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
10.27. P BCMA ALLO1: POSEIDA THERAPEUTICS
- 10.27.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.27.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.27.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 10.27.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.28. TAA 06: PERSONGEN BIOTHERAPEUTICS
- 10.28.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.28.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.29. TAK 103: TAKEDA
- 10.29.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.29.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.30. STK-009 + SYNCAR-001: SYNTHEKINE
- 10.30.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.30.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.30.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.31. P-CD19CD20-ALLO1: POSEIDA THERAPEUTICS
- 10.31.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.31.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.32. NIB 101: NOILE-IMMUNE BIOTECH
- 10.32.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.32.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.32.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.33. SC-DARIC33: 2SEVENTY BIO
- 10.33.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.33.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.34. IMPT 514: IMMPACT BIO
- 10.34.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.34.2. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
10.35. SYNKIR-110: VERISMO THERAPEUTICS
- 10.35.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.35.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.35.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
10.36. MT 027: T-MAXIMUM
- 10.36.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.36.2. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
10.37. CT125A: IASO BIOTHERAPEUTICS
- 10.37.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.37.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.38. RD133: IASO BIOTHERAPEUTICS
- 10.38.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.38.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.39. CT0181: CARSGEN THERAPEUTICS CO LTD
- 10.39.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.39.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.40. CT0590: CARSGEN THERAPEUTICS CO LTD
- 10.40.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
10.41. CT048: CARSGEN THERAPEUTICS CO LTD
- 10.41.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.41.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.42. CT071: CARSGEN THERAPEUTICS CO LTD
- 10.42.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
10.43. ACLX 001: ARCELLX
- 10.43.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.43.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.43.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.44. ACLX 002: ARCELLX
- 10.44.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.44.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.44.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.45. BMS-986393: BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB
- 10.45.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.45.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.45.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 10.45.4. PRODUCT AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.46. ANTI-BCMA CAR-T CELL: PROTHERAGEN
- 10.46.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
10.47. P-PSMA-101: POSEIDA THERAPEUTICS
- 10.47.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.47.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.48. NIB-102: TAKEDA / NOILE-IMMUNE BIOTECH
- 10.48.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.48.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.48.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 10.48.4. PRODUCT AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.49. UCARTCS1: CELLECTIS
- 10.49.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.49.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.49.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.50. UCART123: CELLECTIS
- 10.50.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.50.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.50.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 10.50.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.51. GPC3 TARGETING CAR-T CELLS: GUANGDONG ZHAOTAI INVIVO BIOMEDICINE
- 10.51.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.51.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.52. MB-103: MUSTANG BIO
- 10.52.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.52.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.53. TAK-940: TAKEDA
- 10.53.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.53.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.54. ADI-001: ADICET BIO
- 10.54.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.54.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.55. GC027: GRACELL BIO
- 10.55.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.55.2. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
10.56. IOMAB-ACT PROGRAM: ACTINIUM PHARMACEUTICALS
- 10.56.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.56.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.57. ALL0-316: ALLOGENE THERAPEUTICS
- 10.57.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.57.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.57.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 10.57.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.58. GPRC5D CAR T (MCARH 109): BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB
- 10.58.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.58.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.58.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 10.58.4. PRODUCT AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.59. CLBR001 + SWI019: ABBVIE
- 10.59.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.59.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.59.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.60. ANTI-CD20 CAR: CELLULAR BIOMEDICINE GROUP
- 10.60.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.60.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.60.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
10.61. PRGN-3007: PRECIGEN, INC
- 10.61.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.61.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.62. CB-011: CARIBOU BIOSCIENCES
- 10.62.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.62.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.62.3. PRODUCT AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.63. KD-496: KAEDI
- 10.63.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.63.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.63.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
10.64. AUTO8: AUTOLUS
- 10.64.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
10.65. FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE RECEPTOR T CELLS: ANIXA BIOSCIENCES
- 10.65.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.65.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.66. SENL_1904B: HEBEI SENLANG BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.66.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.66.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.66.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
10.67. THISCART22: SUZHOU FUNDAMENTA THERAPEUTICS
- 10.67.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.67.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.68. AIC100: AFFYIMMUNE THERAPEUTICS
- 10.68.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.68.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.68.3. PRODUCT AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.69. PRGN-3006: PRECIGEN
- 10.69.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.69.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.69.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 10.69.4. PRODUCT AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.70. CD79B CAR-T CELL THERAPY: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.70.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.70.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.71. APRIL CAR-T CELLS CD79B: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.71.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.71.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.72. LMP1 CAR-T CELLS: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.72.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.72.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.73. NKG2D CAR-T CELL THERAPY: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.73.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.73.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.74. TT11X (CD30-CAR EBVSTS): TESSA THERAPEUTICS
- 10.74.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.74.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.74.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.75. CD38 CAR T: SORRENTO THERAPEUTICS
- 10.75.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.75.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.75.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
10.76. BCMA-CART CELLS: PERSONGEN BIOTHERAPEUTICS (SUZHOU)
- 10.76.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.76.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.77. AUTOLOGOUS CHIMERIC ANTIGEN RECEPTOR T-CELL TRANSFUSING AGENT TARGETING CD22: PERSONGEN BIOTHERAPEUTICS (SUZHOU)
- 10.77.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.77.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.78. CAR-T-EGFRVIII: NOVARTIS PHARMACEUTICALS
- 10.78.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.78.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.79. CART-BCMA: NOVARTIS PHARMACEUTICALS
- 10.79.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.79.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.80. CART-MESO: NOVARTIS PHARMACEUTICALS
- 10.80.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.80.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.80.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.81. MURINE CD19 CAR T CELLS: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.81.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.81.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.82. CS1 TARGETED CAR-T CELLS: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.82.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.82.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.83. IL3 CAR-T CELLS: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.83.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.83.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.84. CD70 CAR T- CELLS: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.84.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.84.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.85. CD19 CAR T- CELLS: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.85.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.85.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.86. ANTI-CD19 CHIMERIC ANTIGEN RECEPTOR T CELLS (KD-019 CAR-T): NANJING KAEDI BIOTECH
- 10.86.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.86.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.87. CD20 CAR T CELLS: MILTENYI BIOTEC
- 10.87.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.87.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.88. ANTI CD19 CAR: KECELLITICS BIOTECH COMPANY
- 10.88.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.88.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.89. CLL1B-CD33B COMPOUND CAR: ICELL GENE THERAPEUTICS
- 10.89.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.89.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.89.3. SAFETY AND EFFICACY
- 10.89.4. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES
10.90. CD19 CARVAC CELL THERAPY: ICELL GENE THERAPEUTICS
- 10.90.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.90.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.91. BCMA-CD19 CCAR T CELLS THERAPY: ICELL GENE THERAPEUTICS
- 10.91.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.91.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.92. ANTI-CD123-CART CELLS: HRAIN BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.92.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.92.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.93. ANTI- MESO CAR-T-CELLS: HRAIN BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.93.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.93.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.94. ANTI-CD19/BCMA BISPECIFIC CAR-T CELL THERAPY: HRAIN BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.94.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.94.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.95. TRIPLEX + CAR-TS: HELOCYTE
- 10.95.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.95.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.96. HER2/MESOTHELIN/LEWIS-Y/PSCA/MUC1/PD-L1/CD80/86-CAR-T CELL THERAPY: GUANGDONG ZHAOTAI INVIVO BIOMEDICINE
- 10.96.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.96.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.97. CD20/CD22 DUAL TARGETED CAR-T CELLS: YAKE BIOTECHNOLOGY
- 10.97.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.97.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.98. CC-97540: BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB
- 10.98.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.98.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.99. CT0180: CARSGEN THERAPEUTICS
- 10.99.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.99.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.100. LMY-920: LUMINARY THERAPEUTICS
- 10.100.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.100.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
10.101. BP2301: BRIGHTPATH THERAPEUTICS
- 10.101.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
10.102. 2ND CAR-T/TCR-T: OXFORD BIOMEDICA
- 10.102.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
10.103. CD19 2ND GENERATION CAR-T CELL THERAPY: PRECIGEN INC
- 10.103.1. PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- 10.103.2. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- 10.103.3. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES

11. IND-STAGE PRODUCTS

11.1. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

12. PRECLINICAL-STAGE PRODUCTS

12.1. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

13. DISCOVERY-STAGE PRODUCTS

13.1. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

14. UNKNOWN-STAGE PRODUCTS

15. INACTIVE PRODUCTS

15.1. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

16. STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENTS

16.1. MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS
16.2. PARTNERSHIPS & AGREEMENTS
16.3. INVESTMENTS

17. UNMET NEEDS