PUBLISHER: IMARC | PRODUCT CODE: 1423172
PUBLISHER: IMARC | PRODUCT CODE: 1423172
Rare Earth Elements Market Report by Application (Magnets, NiMH Batteries, Auto Catalysts, Diesel Engines, Fluid Cracking Catalyst, Phosphers, Glass, Polishing Powders, and Others), and Region 2024-2032
Abstract
The global rare earth elements market size reached US$ 11.0 Billion in 2023. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach US$ 34.3 Billion by 2032, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 13.1% during 2024-2032. The increasing awareness of the utility of rare earth elements across different sectors, various industrial applications, widespread adoption of consumer electronics, and the shift toward sustainable and clean energy solutions are some of the major factors propelling the market.
Rare earth elements are a group of 17 chemical elements that consist of the 15 lanthanides, along with scandium and yttrium. Despite their name, most rare earth elements are not particularly rare in the Earth's crust. What makes them "rare" is the difficulty associated with mining and refining them. These elements are known for their unique magnetic, catalytic, and luminescent properties, which make them critical in various high-technology applications. They are essential components in a wide array of products, ranging from smartphones and consumer electronics to renewable energy systems and advanced military technologies.
Significant technological innovations across various industries, including consumer electronics, automotive, and renewable energy, represent one of the key factors driving the growth of the rare earth elements market across the globe. Rare earth elements are crucial in manufacturing components like batteries, magnets, and electronic displays, whose demand is rising with technological advancements. The market is also driven by their role in defense applications as these elements are essential in producing high-performance materials used in radar systems, jet engines, and missile guidance systems. The growing emphasis on green energy is also acting as a major growth-inducing factor. Rare earth elements are vital in the production of wind turbines and electric vehicles, aligning with global sustainability goals to reduce carbon emissions. Additionally, geopolitics and trade relations significantly impact the market, as many rare earth element supplies are concentrated in specific regions, which are creating potential bottlenecks in supply chains. Moreover, government policies, including subsidies for technologies that use rare earth elements and strategic stockpiling, are creating a positive outlook for the market across the globe.
Rare Earth Elements Market Trends/Drivers:
Significant technological advancements
One of the most potent drivers of demand for rare earth elements is the relentless pace of technological innovation. These elements are indispensable in a plethora of high-tech applications. For instance, the powerful magnets used in wind turbines require neodymium, while hybrid and electric vehicle batteries often employ lanthanum. In addition to this, many electronic devices, such as smartphones, tablets, and laptops contain rare earth elements that enable smaller, and more efficient components. As these technologies continue to evolve and adoption rates climb, the demand for rare earth elements is escalating, which is further driving up the market value.
Rising green energy initiatives
Environmental sustainability is becoming a focal point for governments and organizations worldwide, stimulating the demand for clean energy technologies. Rare earth elements play a critical role in this sector. Elements like neodymium and dysprosium are used in the production of permanent magnets that are integral to the function of wind turbines. Similarly, the drive for electrification of the transport sector also boosts demand for rare earth elements used in batteries and electric motors. As nations strive to meet ambitious climate targets and transition to renewable energy sources, the market for these elements is fueling.
Rising defense applications
The demand for rare earth elements in defense applications significantly contributes to the market growth. These elements are indispensable for a variety of advanced military technologies. For instance, rare earths are essential components in the manufacturing of precision-guided munitions, radar systems, and avionics. They are also used in the production of specialized glass for night-vision goggles and other optical equipment. As geopolitical tensions escalate and nations invest more in modernizing their defense capabilities, the need for rare earth elements rises. Military reliance on high-performance materials makes these elements a strategic priority, often leading to stockpiling and long-term procurement contracts.
Rare Earth Elements Industry Segmentation:
IMARC Group provides an analysis of the key trends in each segment of the global rare earth elements market report, along with forecasts at the global and regional levels for 2024-2032. Our report has categorized the market based on application.
Breakup by Application:
Magnets
NiMH Batteries
Auto Catalysts
Diesel Engines
Fluid Cracking Catalyst
Phosphers
Glass
Polishing Powders
Others
Magnets dominate the market
A detailed breakup and analysis of the market based on the application has also been provided in the report. This includes the magnets, NiMH batteries, auto catalysts, diesel engines, fluid cracking catalyst, phosphers, glass, polishing powders, and others. According to the report, the magnets accounted for the largest market share.
Rare earth elements, particularly neodymium, dysprosium, and samarium, play a critical role in the development of high-performance magnets. These are not ordinary magnets; they offer superior magnetic properties as compared to traditional ferrite or alnico magnets. Neodymium magnets, often combined with small amounts of dysprosium to improve temperature stability, are widely used in a variety of applications requiring strong, compact magnets. In the renewable energy sector, these magnets are essential components in wind turbine generators. Their high magnetic force allows for more efficient energy conversion, thereby maximizing the electrical output. In the automotive industry, they are used in electric and hybrid vehicle motors, contributing to both power and efficiency. These magnets are also prevalent in consumer electronics like headphones, smartphones, and hard disk drives, where their small size and high magnetic strength are particularly beneficial. Additionally, they are crucial in medical technologies such as MRI machines, which rely on strong magnetic fields for imaging.
Breakup by Region:
China
Japan & Northeast Asia
United States
China represents the largest market segment
The report has also provided a comprehensive analysis of all the major regional markets, which include China, Japan & Northeast Asia, and the United States. According to the report, China accounted for the largest market share.
In China, which controls a significant portion of the global supply of rare earth elements, several factors drive the market, both domestically and internationally. China has a booming electronics manufacturing sector that heavily relies on rare earth elements. As a global hub for consumer electronics, the internal demand for these elements is high. The Chinese government is implementing strategic policies to regulate and promote the rare earth industry. These include export quotas, strategic stockpiling, and subsidies to encourage domestic production. China's dominant position in the rare earth supply chain allows it to impact global prices and availability. This creates a virtuous cycle, which is attracting further investment into mining and processing facilities within the country. China is heavily investing in renewable energy technologies, such as wind turbines and electric vehicles, which require rare earth elements. This aligns with the country's ambitious environmental goals. Investments in research and technology aim to make the extraction and processing of rare earth elements more efficient and environmentally sustainable, which is maintaining China's competitive edge.
Competitive Landscape:
In the rare earth elements market, key players are engaging in a range of strategic initiatives to strengthen their position and capitalize on growing demand. This includes investments in research and development to enhance extraction technologies and improve the efficiency of refining processes. Companies are also exploring partnerships and collaborations, not just with other mining and chemical firms, but also with end-users like technology companies, defense contractors, and renewable energy providers. Some leading players are working closely with governments to ensure stable supply chains, especially given the geopolitical sensitivities surrounding rare earth elements. Strategic stockpiling and long-term contracts are becoming more common as both companies and nations aim to mitigate supply risks. Additionally, market leaders are expanding their geographical footprint to tap into emerging markets where demand is rising due to technological adoption and industrial growth. Diversification of supply sources is also a key strategy, aimed at reducing dependence on specific regions.
The report has provided a comprehensive analysis of the competitive landscape in the market. Detailed profiles of all major companies have also been provided. Some of the key players in the market include:
Lynas Corporation Ltd.
Arafura Resources Limited
Great Western Minerals Group Ltd.
Avalon Advanced Materials Inc.
Greenland Minerals Ltd
Alkane Resources Ltd
Neo Performance Materials
Iluka Resource Limited
IREL (India) Limited
Canada Rare Earths Corporation
Recent Developments:
In April 2023, Hyderabad-based National Geophysical Research Institute has found large deposits of 15 Rare Earth Elements (REE) in Andhra Pradesh's Anantapur city. REE is a key component in many electronic devices and various industrial applications, including medical technology, aerospace, and defense.
In December 2021, China Rare Earth Group Co. Ltd, a state-owned enterprise (SOE) directly supervised by China's state assets regulator was formally established in East China's Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province. The newly launched rare earth mega SOE is a conglomerate of some top industrial producers, including the rare earth units of three of the "Big Six" SOEs that dominate the rare earth industry - Aluminum Corporation of China (CHALCO), China Minmetals Corporation, and Ganzhou Rare Earth Group Co., Ltd and two research companies - China Iron & Steel Research Institute Group and Grinm Group Corporation Ltd.
In December 2022, Japan to begin extracting rare earth metals from seabed in 2024 for electric vehicles and hybrids from the mud on the deep-sea bottom in an area off Minami-Torishima Island, a coral atoll in the Pacific Ocean about 1,900 kilometers southeast of Tokyo. Japan is aiming to reduce its reliance on China for rare earth metals.
Key Questions Answered in This Report
- 1. What was the size of the global rare earth elements market in 2023?
- 2. What is the expected growth rate of the global rare earth elements market during 2024-2032?
- 3. What has been the impact of COVID-19 on the global rare earth elements market?
- 4. What are the key factors driving the global rare earth elements market?
- 5. What is the breakup of the global rare earth elements market based on the application?
- 6. What are the key regions in the global rare earth elements market?
- 7. Who are the key players/companies in the global rare earth elements market?
Table of Contents
1 Preface
2 Scope and Methodology
- 2.1 Objectives of the Study
- 2.2 Stakeholders
- 2.3 Data Sources
- 2.3.1 Primary Sources
- 2.3.2 Secondary Sources
- 2.4 Market Estimation
- 2.4.1 Bottom-Up Approach
- 2.4.2 Top-Down Approach
- 2.5 Forecasting Methodology
3 Executive Summary
4 What are Rare Earth Elements?
5 Rare Earth Elements: Are they Really Rare?
- 5.1 Reserve Estimates
- 5.2 How Long Will They Last?
6 Rare Earth Elements: Mining Economics
- 6.1 Mine Valuation: Grades & Composition are Key
- 6.2 Development of a New Project: Can Take Several Years
- 6.3 Rare Earth Mining Costs: Largely Location and Grade Development
- 6.4 Infrastructure & Capital Costs
- 6.5 Operating Costs
- 6.6 Key Projects
- 6.6.1 Arafura Resources Limited-Noland Project
- 6.6.2 Nechalacho Rare Earth Elements Project
- 6.6.3 Kvanefjeld Project-Greenland Minerals & Energy Limited
- 6.6.4 Dubbo Zirconia-Alkane Resources Limited
- 6.7 Mining and Processing
- 6.7.1 Mining
- 6.7.2 Downstream Processing
- 6.8 Prices
- 6.8.1 Factors Affecting Rare Earth Element Prices
- 6.8.2 Historical Prices
- 6.8.3 Pricing Forecast
7 China's Role in the Global Rare Earth Elements Market
- 7.1 China has a Monopoly Over Rare Earth Elements
- 7.2 Mining Costs in China Are Significantly Lower Than Other Rare Earth Producers
- 7.3 Miners Have Benefitted from the Lack of Proper Working Standards and Environmental Regulations
- 7.4 China Has a Significantly Higher In-house Expertise Compared to Other Rare Earth Producers
- 7.5 China is Strategically Increasing Production Quotas to Sustain Global Dominance in Rare Earth Elements Market
- 7.6 China Aims to Become an Exporter of Higher Value Goods
8 Global Rare Earth Elements Market
- 8.1 Total Sales and Production of Rare Earth Elements
- 8.2 Production of Rare Earth Elements by Region
- 8.2.1 Current Operational Mines
- 8.2.1.1 Bayan Obo, China
- 8.2.1.2 Longnan, China
- 8.2.1.3 Xunwu, China
- 8.2.1.4 India
- 8.2.1.5 Eastern Coast, Brazil
- 8.2.1.6 Lahat, Malaysia
- 8.2.1.7 Mt. Weld, Australia
- 8.2.1.8 Mountain Pass, United States
- 8.2.1.9 Nolans, Australia
- 8.2.1.10 Steenkampskraal, South Africa
- 8.2.1.11 Kvanefjeld, Greenland
- 8.2.1.12 Dong Pao, Vietnam
- 8.2.1.13 Dubbo Zirconia, Australia
- 8.2.2 Potential Operational Mines
- 8.2.2.1 Nechalacho, Canada
- 8.2.1 Current Operational Mines
- 8.3 Consumption of Rare Earth Elements by Region
- 8.3.1 China
- 8.3.2 Japan & Northeast Asia
- 8.3.3 United States
9 Supply & Demand of Individual Rare Earth Elements
- 9.1 Elements that will Face Supply Shortages in the Near Future
- 9.1.1 Praseodymium
- 9.1.1.1 Elements Overview & Supply Risks
- 9.1.1.2 Supply & Demand
- 9.1.2 Neodymium
- 9.1.2.1 Elements Overview & Supply Risks
- 9.1.2.2 Supply & Demand
- 9.1.1 Praseodymium
- 9.2 Elements that be Oversupplied in the Near Future
- 9.2.1 Terbium
- 9.2.1.1 Elements Overview & Supply Risks
- 9.2.1.2 Supply & Demand
- 9.2.2 Yttrium
- 9.2.2.1 Elements Overview & Supply Risks
- 9.2.2.2 Supply & Demand
- 9.2.3 Lanthanum
- 9.2.3.1 Elements Overview & Supply Risks
- 9.2.3.2 Supply & Demand
- 9.2.4 Cerium
- 9.2.4.1 Elements Overview & Supply Risks
- 9.2.4.2 Supply & Demand
- 9.2.5 Dysprosium
- 9.2.5.1 Elements Overview & Supply Risks
- 9.2.5.2 Supply & Demand
- 9.2.6 Samarium
- 9.2.6.1 Elements Overview & Supply Risks
- 9.2.6.2 Supply & Demand
- 9.2.7 Europium
- 9.2.7.1 Elements Overview & Supply Risks
- 9.2.7.2 Supply & Demand
- 9.2.1 Terbium
10 Market by Application
- 10.1 Magnets
- 10.2 NiMH Batteries
- 10.3 Auto Catalysts
- 10.4 Diesel Engines
- 10.5 Fluid Cracking Catalyst
- 10.6 Phosphers
- 10.7 Glass
- 10.8 Polishing Powders
- 10.9 Other Applications
11 Overview on Mining and Processing of Ion-Adsorption Clays
- 11.1 Current Technologies
- 11.2 Typical Costs Involved With Processing RE Oxides
12 Overcoming the Potential Shortfalls in Supply
- 12.1 Stockpiling
- 12.2 Recycling
- 12.3 Substitution
- 12.4 Material Shortfall Strategies by Various Rare Earth Consumers
13 Competitive Landscape
- 13.1 Market Structure
- 13.2 Key Players
- 13.3 Profiles of Key Players
- 13.3.1 Lynas Corporation Ltd.
- 13.3.2 Arafura Resources Limited
- 13.3.3 Great Western Minerals Group Ltd.
- 13.3.4 Avalon Advanced Materials Inc.
- 13.3.5 Greenland Minerals Ltd
- 13.3.6 Alkane Resources Ltd
- 13.3.7 Neo Performance Materials
- 13.3.8 Iluka Resource Limited
- 13.3.9 IREL (India) Limited
- 13.3.10 Canada Rare Earths Corporation
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Periodic Table Showing Rare Earth Elements
- Figure 2: Topology of Rare Earth Elements
- Figure 3: Global: Rare Earth Metal Reserves by Country (in Million Metric Tons), 2023
- Figure 4: Global: Rare Earth Metal Reserves by Country (in %), 2023
- Figure 5: Comparative Total Rare Earth Oxide Values of Various Rare Earth Mines
- Figure 6: Kvanefjeld Project Capital Cost Estimated Breakdown
- Figure 7: Global: Sources of Rare Earth Metals
- Figure 8: Flow Chart: Concentration of Rare Earth Ores
- Figure 9: Flow Chart: Extraction of Rare Earths from their Concentrated Ores
- Figure 10: China & US: Average Labor Costs Per Hour (in US$), 2023
- Figure 11: Global: Rare Earth Metals Production (in 000' Metric Tons), 2018-2023
- Figure 12: Global: Rare Earth Metals Market (in Billion US$), 2018-2023
- Figure 13: Global: Rare Earth Metals Production Forecast (in 000' Metric Tons), 2024-2032
- Figure 14: Global: Rare Earth Metals Market Forecast (in Billion US$), 2024-2032
- Figure 15: Global: Rare Earth Metals Production by Country (in %), 2023
- Figure 16: Bayan Obo Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 17: Longnan Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 18: Xunwu Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 19: India Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 20: Eastern Coast Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 21: Lahat Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 22: Mt Weld Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 23: Mountain Pass Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 24: Nolans Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 25: Steenkampskraal Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 26: Kvanefjeld Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 27: Dong Pao Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 28: Dubbo Zirconia Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 29: Nechalacho Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Figure 30: Global: Rare Earth Elements Consumption by Region (in %), 2023
- Figure 31: Global: Rare Earth Elements Consumption by Region Forecast (in %), 2032
- Figure 32: Praseodymium: Supply & Demand Balance (in Metric Tons), 2023
- Figure 33: Praseodymium: Historical Prices (in US$/kg), 2018-2023
- Figure 34: Praseodymium: Price Forecast (in US$/kg), 2024-2032
- Figure 35: Neodymium: Supply & Demand Balance (in Metric Tons), 2023
- Figure 36: Neodymium: Historical Prices (in US$/kg), 2018-2023
- Figure 37: Neodymium: Price Forecast (in US$/kg), 2024-2032
- Figure 38: Terbium: Supply & Demand Balance (in Metric Tons), 2023
- Figure 39: Terbium: Historical Prices (in US$/kg), 2018-2023
- Figure 40: Terbium: Price Forecast (in US$/kg), 2024-2032
- Figure 41: Yttrium: Supply & Demand Balance (in Metric Tons), 2023
- Figure 42: Yttrium: Historical Prices (in US$/kg), 2018-2023
- Figure 43: Yttrium: Price Forecast (in US$/kg), 2024-2032
- Figure 44: Lanthanum: Supply & Demand Balance (in Metric Tons), 2023
- Figure 45: Lanthanum: Historical Prices (in US$/kg), 2018-2023
- Figure 46: Lanthanum: Price Forecast (in US$/kg), 2024-2032
- Figure 47: Cerium: Supply & Demand Balance (in Metric Tons), 2023
- Figure 48: Cerium: Historical Prices (in US$/kg), 2018-2023
- Figure 49: Cerium: Price Forecast (in US$/kg), 2024-2032
- Figure 50: Dysprosium: Supply & Demand Balance (in Metric Tons), 2023
- Figure 51: Dysprosium: Historical Prices (in US$/kg), 2018-2023
- Figure 52: Dysprosium: Price Forecast (in US$/kg), 2024-2032
- Figure 53: Samarium: Supply & Demand Balance (in Metric Tons), 2023
- Figure 54: Samarium: Historical Prices (in US$/kg), 2018-2023
- Figure 55: Samarium: Price Forecast (in US$/kg), 2024-2032
- Figure 56: Europium: Supply & Demand Balance (in Metric Tons), 2023
- Figure 57: Europium: Historical Prices (in US$/kg), 2018-2023
- Figure 58: Europium: Price Forecast (in US$/kg), 2024-2032
- Figure 59: Diesel Particulate Filter
List of Tables
- Table 1: Rare Earth Elements: Light & Heavy Definitions
- Table 2: Rare Earth Elements: Characteristics & Applications
- Table 3: Light & Heavy Rare Earth Elements: Key Barriers to Entry
- Table 4: Total Time & Stages Required in Constructing & Bringing a Rare Earth Mine to Production
- Table 5: Rare Earth Elements: Mining & Processing Costs
- Table 6: Arafura Resources Limited-Nolans Project: Mining & Production
- Table 7: Arafura Resources Limited-Nolans Project: Financials Involved
- Table 8: Nechalacho Earth Elements Project Capital Cost Summary
- Table 9: Nechalacho Earth Elements Site Capital Cost Summary
- Table 10: Nechalacho Earth Elements Project Operating Cost
- Table 11: Kvanefjeld Project Capital Cost Summary
- Table 12: Kvanefjeld Project Operating Cost Summary
- Table 13: Dubbo Zirconia Project Capital Cost Estimates
- Table 14: Dubbo Zirconia Project Operating Cost Estimates
- Table 15: Sources of Rare Earth Elements & Their Composition
- Table 16: Average Annual Prices of Individual Rare Earth Elements (in US$/Kg), 2018-2023
- Table 17: Average Annual Price Forecast of Individual Rare Earth Elements (in US$/Kg), 2024-2032
- Table 18: China: Rare Earth Elements Production Quota (in Metric Tons), 2018-2023
- Table 19: Global: Distribution of Elements in Various Rare Earth Mines (in %)
- Table 20: Bayan Obo Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 21: Longnan Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 22: Xunwu Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 23: India Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 24: Eastern Coast Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 25: Lahat Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 26: Mt Weld Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 27: Mountain Pass Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 28: Nolans Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 29: Steenkampskraal Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 30: Kvanefjeld Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 31: Dong Pao Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 32: Dubbo Zirconia Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 33: Nechalacho Rare Earth Mine: Composition of Various Elements (in %)
- Table 34: Global: Rare Earth Elements Consumption by Region & Application (in Metric Tons), 2023
- Table 35: Global: Rare Earth Elements Consumption by Region & Application Forecast (in Metric Tons), 2032
- Table 36: China: Rare Earth Elements Consumption by Application (in Metric Tons), 2023 and 2032
- Table 37: Japan & Northeast Asia: Rare Earth Elements Consumption by Application (in Metric Tons), 2023 and 2032
- Table 38: US: Rare Earth Elements Consumption by Application (in Metric Tons), 2023 and 2032
- Table 39: Global: Supply of Various Rare Earth Elements (in Metric Tons), 2023
- Table 40: Global: Supply & Demand of Various Rare Earth Elements (in Metric Tons), 2023
- Table 41: Praseodymium: Overview, Importance to Clean Energy & Supply Risk
- Table 42: Neodymium: Overview, Importance to Clean Energy & Supply Risk
- Table 43: Terbium: Overview, Importance to Clean Energy & Supply Risk
- Table 44: Yttrium: Overview, Importance to Clean Energy & Supply Risk
- Table 45: Lanthanum: Overview, Importance to Clean Energy & Supply Risk
- Table 46: Cerium: Overview, Importance to Clean Energy & Supply Risk
- Table 47: Dysprosium: Overview, Importance to Clean Energy & Supply Risk
- Table 48: Samarium: Overview, Importance to Clean Energy & Supply Risk
- Table 49: Europium: Overview, Importance to Clean Energy & Supply Risk
- Table 50: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements by Application (in Metric Tons), 2018-2023
- Table 51: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements by Application (in Metric Tons), 2024-2032
- Table 52: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Magnets (in Metric Tons), 2018-2023
- Table 53: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Magnets (in Metric Tons), 2024-2032
- Table 54: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for NiMH Batteries (in Metric Tons), 2018-2023
- Table 55: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for NiMH Batteries (in Metric Tons), 2024-2032
- Table 56: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Auto Catalysts (in Metric Tons), 2018-2023
- Table 57: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Auto Catalysts (in Metric Tons), 2024-2032
- Table 58: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Diesel Engines (in Metric Tons), 2018-2023
- Table 59: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Diesel Engines (in Metric Tons), 2024-2032
- Table 60: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for FCC (in Metric Tons), 2018-2023
- Table 61: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for FCC (in Metric Tons), 2024-2032
- Table 62: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Phosphers (in Metric Tons), 2018-2023
- Table 63: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Phosphers (in Metric Tons), 2024-2032
- Table 64: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Glass (in Metric Tons), 2018-2023
- Table 65: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Glass (in Metric Tons), 2024-2032
- Table 66: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Polishing Powders (in Metric Tons), 2018-2023
- Table 67: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Polishing Powders (in Metric Tons), 2024-2032
- Table 68: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Other Applications (in Metric Tons), 2018-2023
- Table 69: Global: Demand of Rare Earth Elements for Other Applications (in Metric Tons), 2024-2032
- Table 70: Rare Earth Elements Processing Costs (US$/lb, TREO)
- Table 71: Mill Operating Costs (US$/lb, TREO)
- Table 72: Extraction/ Separation Plant Operating Costs (US$/lb, TREO)
- Table 73: Substitution Possibilities in Rare Earth Elements
- Table 74: Material Shortfall Strategies by Rare Earth Reserve Rich Countries
- Table 75: Material Shortfall Strategies by Countries Not Having Rich Rare Earth Reserves
