Picture
SEARCH
What are you looking for?
Need help finding what you are looking for? Contact Us
Compare

PUBLISHER: Grand View Research | PRODUCT CODE: 1611569

Cover Image

PUBLISHER: Grand View Research | PRODUCT CODE: 1611569

Cassava Starch Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Product (Modified Starch, Native Starch), By Application (Food & Beverage, Pharmaceutical), By Region, And Segment Forecasts, 2024 - 2030

PUBLISHED:
PAGES: 80 Pages
DELIVERY TIME: 2-10 business days
SELECT AN OPTION
Unprintable PDF (Single User License)
USD 5950
Printable PDF (5-User License)
USD 6950
Printable PDF (Enterprise License)
USD 8950

Add to Cart

Cassava Starch Market Size & Trends:

The global cassava starch market size was estimated at USD 5.45 billion in 2023 and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 5.9% from 2024 to 2030. One of the primary drivers is the increased demand for convenience foods. As urbanization accelerates and lifestyles become busier, consumers seek quick and easy meal solutions. Cassava starch is an essential ingredient in various processed foods, including ready-to-eat meals, sauces, and instant soups, due to its binding, thickening, and stabilizing properties. This trend towards convenience foods significantly contributes to expanding the cassava starch industry, as manufacturers incorporate it to enhance product quality and appeal.

Another crucial factor is the growing awareness of gluten intolerance and celiac disease, which has led to a surge in demand for gluten-free products. Cassava starch is naturally gluten-free, making it a preferred choice for producing gluten-free alternatives such as bread, pasta, and baked goods. This shift towards healthier dietary options aligns with consumer desires for products catering to specific dietary restrictions without compromising taste or texture. The increasing prevalence of gluten-related disorders has further solidified cassava starch's position in the market as a vital ingredient for those seeking gluten-free solutions.

The expansion of the food processing industry also plays a significant role in driving cassava starch consumption. In regions where cassava is a staple crop, such as Asia Pacific and Africa, the food processing sector is growing rapidly. Cassava starch is utilized in various products such as noodles, snacks, and bakery items, enhancing their texture and quality. The versatility of cassava starch makes it an attractive option for food manufacturers looking to innovate and meet diverse consumer demands. This growth in food processing not only increases the demand for cassava starch but also encourages investments in production capabilities.

The growing emphasis on sustainable practices in manufacturing has led the paper industry to seek eco-friendly alternatives to traditional materials. Cassava starch is renewable and biodegradable, which aligns with the industry's shift towards reducing environmental impact. Paper manufacturers can promote their commitment to sustainability by incorporating cassava starch into their products, appealing to environmentally conscious consumers and businesses. This trend not only helps reduce reliance on synthetic additives but also supports the development of biodegradable packaging solutions.

Cassava starch is emerging as a substitute for traditional grain-based starches like corn and wheat. Its competitive pricing and excellent thickening properties make it an appealing alternative in various applications within the food processing industry. For example, in sauces, soups, and gravies, cassava starch provides an effective and cost-efficient solution that meets the needs of manufacturers looking for reliable ingredients. This trend towards substituting grain-based starches with cassava starch is expected to continue driving market growth as more companies recognize its benefits.

One of the significant challenges for the cassava starch industry is the price volatility of raw materials. The cost of cassava roots can fluctuate due to several factors, including weather conditions, pest infestations, and market demand. Such fluctuations can impact the production costs of cassava starch, making it difficult for manufacturers to maintain consistent pricing and profitability. The growing incidences of pests and diseases substantially threaten cassava yields and quality. Diseases such as cassava mosaic disease and cassava brown streak disease can severely affect crop health, reducing production levels.

Global Cassava Starch Market Report Segmentation

This report forecasts revenue growth at the global, regional, and country levels and provides an analysis of the latest industry trends and opportunities in each of the sub-segments from 2018 to 2030. For this study, Grand View Research has segmented the global cassava starch market report based on product, application, and region:

  • Application Outlook (Revenue, USD Billion, 2018 - 2030)
  • Food & Beverage
  • Animal Feed
  • Pharmaceutical
  • Personal Care & Cosmetics
  • Paper & Textile
  • Product Outlook (Revenue, USD Billion, 2018 - 2030)
  • Modified Starch
  • Native Starch
  • Sweetener
  • Regional Outlook (Revenue, USD Billion, 2018 - 2030)
  • North America
    • U.S.
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • Germany
    • UK
    • France
    • Italy
    • Spain
  • Asia Pacific
    • China
    • Japan
    • India
    • Australia & New Zealand
    • South Korea
  • Central & South America
    • Brazil
  • Middle East & Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
Product Code: GVR-4-68040-494-0

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Methodology and Scope

  • 1.1. Market Segmentation & Scope
  • 1.2. Market Definition
  • 1.3. Information Procurement
    • 1.3.1. Purchased Database
    • 1.3.2. GVR's Internal Database
    • 1.3.3. Secondary Sources & Third-Party Perspectives
    • 1.3.4. Primary Research
  • 1.4. Information Analysis
    • 1.4.1. Data Analysis Models
  • 1.5. Market Formulation & Data Visualization
  • 1.6. Data Validation & Publishing

Chapter 2. Executive Summary

  • 2.1. Market Outlook
  • 2.2. Product Outlook
  • 2.3. Packaging Outlook
  • 2.4. Competitive Landscape Outlook

Chapter 3. Cassava Starch Market Variables, Trends & Scope

  • 3.1. Market Lineage Outlook
  • 3.2. Penetration & Growth Prospect Mapping
  • 3.3. Industry Value Chain Analysis
    • 3.3.1. Raw Material Outlooks
    • 3.3.2. Manufacturing and Technology Trends
    • 3.3.3. Sales Channel Analysis
    • 3.3.4. Profit Margin Analysis
  • 3.4. Market Dynamics
    • 3.4.1. Market Driver Analysis
    • 3.4.2. Market Restraint Analysis
    • 3.4.3. Market Opportunities
    • 3.4.4. Market Challenges
  • 3.5. Industry Analysis - Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 3.6. Market Entry Strategies

Chapter 4. Cassava Starch Market: Product Estimates & Trend Analysis

  • 4.1. Cassava Starch Market, by Product: Key Takeaways
  • 4.2. Product Movement Analysis & Market Share, 2023 & 2030
  • 4.3. Market Estimates & Forecasts, by Product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
    • 4.3.1. Modified Starch
      • 4.3.1.1. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
    • 4.3.2. Native Starch
      • 4.3.2.1. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
    • 4.3.3. Sweetener
      • 4.3.3.1. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)

Chapter 5. Cassava Starch Market: Application Estimates & Trend Analysis

  • 5.1. Cassava Starch Market, by Application: Key Takeaways
  • 5.2. Application Movement Analysis & Market Share, 2023 & 2030
  • 5.3. Market Estimates & Forecasts, by Application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
    • 5.3.1. Food & Beverage
      • 5.3.1.1. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
    • 5.3.2. Animal Feed
      • 5.3.2.1. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
    • 5.3.3. Pharmaceuticals
      • 5.3.3.1. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
    • 5.3.4. Personal Care & Cosmetics
      • 5.3.4.1. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
    • 5.3.5. Paper & Textile
      • 5.3.5.1. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)

Chapter 6. Cassava Starch Market: Regional Estimates & Trend Analysis

  • 6.1. Cassava Starch Market: Regional Outlook
  • 6.2. Regional Movement Analysis & Market Share, 2023 & 2030
  • 6.3. Market Estimates & Forecasts, by Region & Country, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
    • 6.3.1. North America
      • 6.3.1.1. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.1.2. U.S.
        • 6.3.1.2.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.1.2.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.1.3. Canada
        • 6.3.1.3.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.1.3.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.1.4. Mexico
        • 6.3.1.4.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.1.4.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
    • 6.3.2. Europe
      • 6.3.2.1. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.2.2. Germany
        • 6.3.2.2.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.2.2.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.2.3. UK
        • 6.3.2.3.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.2.3.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.2.4. France
        • 6.3.2.4.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.2.4.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.2.5. Italy
        • 6.3.2.5.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.2.5.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.2.6. Spain
        • 6.3.2.6.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.2.6.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
    • 6.3.3. Asia Pacific
      • 6.3.3.1. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.3.2. China
        • 6.3.3.2.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.3.2.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.3.3. Japan
        • 6.3.3.3.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.3.3.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.3.4. India
        • 6.3.3.4.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.3.4.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.3.5. Australia & New Zealand
        • 6.3.3.5.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.3.5.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.3.6. South Korea
        • 6.3.3.6.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.3.6.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
    • 6.3.4. Central & South America
      • 6.3.4.1. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.4.2. Brazil
        • 6.3.4.2.1. Key country dynamics
        • 6.3.4.2.2. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
    • 6.3.5. Middle East & Africa
      • 6.3.5.1. Market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
      • 6.3.5.2. Saudi Arabia
        • 6.3.5.2.1. Key country dynamics

Chapter 7. Competitive Analysis

  • 7.1. Recent Developments & Impact Analysis, by Key Market Participants
  • 7.2. Company Categorization
  • 7.3. Participant's Overview
  • 7.4. Financial Performance
  • 7.5. Product Benchmarking
  • 7.6. Company Market Share Analysis, 2023 (%)
  • 7.7. Company Heat Map Analysis
  • 7.8. Strategy Mapping
  • 7.9. Company Profiles
    • 7.9.1. Tate & Lyle
    • 7.9.2. Cargill, Incorporated
    • 7.9.3. Ingredion
    • 7.9.4. AGRANA Starch
    • 7.9.5. Psaltry International Limited
    • 7.9.6. KPN Pharma Co., Ltd.
    • 7.9.7. Visco Starch
    • 7.9.8. SPAC Starch Products Ltd.
    • 7.9.9. Vaighai Agro
    • 7.9.10. Ekta International
    • 7.9.11. Aryan International
    • 7.9.12. Sanstar Bio-Polymers Ltd.
    • 7.9.13. Asia Fructose Co., Ltd.
    • 7.9.14. Thai Foods Product International Co., Ltd.
    • 7.9.15. Ng Wah International Development Limited
Product Code: GVR-4-68040-494-0

List of Tables

  • Table 1 Cassava Starch market - Key market driver analysis
  • Table 2 Cassava Starch market - Key market restraint analysis
  • Table 3 Cassava Starch market estimates & forecast, by product (USD Billion)
  • Table 4 Cassava Starch market estimates & forecast, by application (USD Billion)
  • Table 5 Cassava Starch market estimates & forecast, by product (USD Billion)
  • Table 6 North America Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 7 North America Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 8 North America Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 9 U.S. macro-economic outlay
  • Table 10 U.S. Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 11 U.S. Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 12 U.S. Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 13 Canada macro-economic outlay
  • Table 14 Canada Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 15 Canada Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 16 Canada Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 17 Mexico macro-economic outlay
  • Table 18 Mexico Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 19 Mexico Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 20 Mexico Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 21 Europe Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 22 Europe Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 23 Europe Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 24 Germany macro-economic outlay
  • Table 25 Germany Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 26 Germany Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 27 Germany Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 28 UK macro-economic outlay
  • Table 29 UK Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 30 UK Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 31 UK Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 32 France macro-economic outlay
  • Table 33 France Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 34 France Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 35 France Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 36 Italy macro-economic outlay
  • Table 37 Italy Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 38 Italy Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 39 Italy Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 40 Spain macro-economic outlay
  • Table 41 Spain Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 42 Spain Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 43 Spain Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 44 Asia Pacific Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 45 Asia Pacific Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 46 Asia Pacific Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 47 China macro-economic outlay
  • Table 48 China Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 49 China Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 50 China Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 51 Japan macro-economic outlay
  • Table 52 Japan Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 53 Japan Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 54 Japan Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 55 India macro-economic outlay
  • Table 56 India Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 57 India Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 58 India Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 59 Australia macro-economic outlay
  • Table 60 New Zealand macro-economic outlay
  • Table 61 Australia & New Zealand Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 62 Australia & New Zealand Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 63 Australia & New Zealand Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 64 South Korea macro-economic outlay
  • Table 65 South Korea Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 66 South Korea Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 67 South Korea Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 68 Central & South America Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 69 Central & South America Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 70 Central & South America Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 71 Brazil macro-economic outlay
  • Table 72 Brazil Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 73 Brazil Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 74 Brazil Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 75 Middle East & Africa Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 76 Middle East & Africa Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 77 Middle East & Africa Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 78 Saudi Arabia macro-economic outlay
  • Table 79 Saudi Arabia Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 80 Saudi Arabia Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by product, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 81 Saudi Arabia Cassava Starch market revenue estimates and forecast by application, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Table 82 Recent developments & impact analysis, by key market participants
  • Table 83 Company market share, 2023
  • Table 84 Company heat map analysis
  • Table 85 Companies undergoing key strategies

List of Figures

  • Fig. 1 Cassava Starch market segmentation
  • Fig. 2 Information procurement
  • Fig. 3 Primary research pattern
  • Fig. 4 Primary research approaches
  • Fig. 5 Primary research process
  • Fig. 6 Market snapshot
  • Fig. 7 Product snapshot
  • Fig. 8 Packaging snapshot
  • Fig. 9 Regional snapshot
  • Fig. 10 Competitive landscape snapshot
  • Fig. 11 Cassava Starch market size, 2018 to 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 12 Cassava Starch market: Penetration & growth prospect mapping
  • Fig. 13 Cassava Starch market: Value chain analysis
  • Fig. 14 Cassava Starch market: Profit margin analysis
  • Fig. 15 Cassava Starch market: Market dynamics
  • Fig. 16 Cassava Starch market: Porter's five forces analysis
  • Fig. 17 Cassava Starch market, by product: Key Takeaways
  • Fig. 18 Cassava Starch market: Product movement analysis, 2023 & 2030 (%)
  • Fig. 19 Cassava Starch market, by application: Key Takeaways
  • Fig. 20 Cassava Starch market: Application movement analysis, 2023 & 2030 (%)
  • Fig. 21 Cassava Starch market: Regional outlook, 2023 & 2030, (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 22 Regional marketplace: Key takeaways
  • Fig. 23 North America Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 24 U.S. Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 25 Canada Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 26 Mexico Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 27 Europe Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 28 UK Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 29 Germany Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 30 France Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 31 Italy Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 32 Spain Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 33 Asia Pacific Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 34 China Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 35 Japan Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 36 India Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 37 Australia & New Zealand Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 38 South Korea Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 39 Central & South America Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 40 Brazil Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 41 Middle East & Africa Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 42 Saudi Arabia Cassava Starch market estimates and forecast, 2018 - 2030 (USD Billion)
  • Fig. 43 Key company categorization
  • Fig. 44 Company market share analysis, 2023
  • Fig. 45 Strategic framework of Cassava Starch market
Have a question?
Picture

Jeroen Van Heghe

Manager - EMEA

+32-2-535-7543

Picture

Christine Sirois

Manager - Americas

+1-860-674-8796

Questions? Please give us a call or visit the contact form.
Hi, how can we help?
Contact us!