The Global Market for Printed and Flexible Electronics 2025-2035

Table of Contents

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

• 1.1. The evolution of electronics
• 1.2. Markets for printed and flexible electronics
  • 1.2.1. Macro-trends
  • 1.2.2. Healthcare and wellness
  • 1.2.3. Automotive
  • 1.2.4. Buildings and construction
  • 1.2.5. Energy storage and harvesting
  • 1.2.6. E-Textiles
  • 1.2.7. Consumer electronics
  • 1.2.8. Smart packaging and logistics
• 1.3. The wearables revolution
• 1.4. The wearable tech market in 2024
• 1.5. Continuous monitoring
• 1.6. Market map for printed and flexible electronics
• 1.7. Wearable market leaders
• 1.8. What is printed/flexible electronics?
  • 1.8.1. Motivation for use
  • 1.8.2. From rigid to flexible and stretchable
    • 1.8.2.1. Stretchable electronics
    • 1.8.2.2. Stretchable electronics in wearables
    • 1.8.2.3. Stretchable electronics in Medical devices
    • 1.8.2.4. Stretchable electronics in sensors
    • 1.8.2.5. Stretchable electronics in energy harvesting
    • 1.8.2.6. Stretchable artificial skin
• 1.9. Role in the metaverse
• 1.10. Wearable electronics in the textiles industry
• 1.11. New conductive materials
• 1.12. Entertainment
• 1.13. Growth in flexible and stretchable electronics market
  • 1.13.1. Recent growth in Printed, flexible and hyrbid products
  • 1.13.2. Future growth
  • 1.13.3. Advanced materials as a market driver
  • 1.13.4. Growth in remote health monitoring and diagnostics
• 1.14. Innovations at CES 2021-2024 xxx
• 1.15. Investment funding and buy-outs 2019-2024
• 1.16. Flexible hybrid electronics (FHE)
• 1.17. Sustainability in flexible electronics
• 1.18. Global market revenues, 2018-2035
  • 1.18.1. Consumer electronics
  • 1.18.2. Medical & healthcare
  • 1.18.3. E-textiles and smart apparel
  • 1.18.4. Displays
  • 1.18.5. Automotive
  • 1.18.6. Smart buildings
  • 1.18.7. Smart packaging

2. MANUFACTURING METHODS

• 2.1. Comparative analysis
• 2.2. Printed electronics
  • 2.2.1. Technology description
  • 2.2.2. SWOT analysis
• 2.3. 3D electronics
  • 2.3.1. Technology description
  • 2.3.2. SWOT analysis
• 2.4. Analogue printing
  • 2.4.1. Technology description
  • 2.4.2. SWOT analysis
• 2.5. Digital printing
  • 2.5.1. Technology description
  • 2.5.2. SWOT analysis
• 2.6. In-mold electronics (IME)
  • 2.6.1. Technology description
  • 2.6.2. SWOT analysis
• 2.7. Roll-to-roll (R2R)
  • 2.7.1. Technology description
  • 2.7.2. SWOT analysis

3. MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS

• 3.1. Component attachment materials
  • 3.1.1. Conductive adhesives
  • 3.1.2. Biodegradable adhesives
  • 3.1.3. Magnets
  • 3.1.4. Bio-based solders
  • 3.1.5. Bio-derived solders
  • 3.1.6. Recycled plastics
  • 3.1.7. Nano adhesives
  • 3.1.8. Shape memory polymers
  • 3.1.9. Photo-reversible polymers
  • 3.1.10. Conductive biopolymers
  • 3.1.11. Traditional thermal processing methods
  • 3.1.12. Low temperature solder
  • 3.1.13. Reflow soldering
  • 3.1.14. Induction soldering
  • 3.1.15. UV curing
  • 3.1.16. Near-infrared (NIR) radiation curing
  • 3.1.17. Photonic sintering/curing
  • 3.1.18. Hybrid integration
• 3.2. Conductive inks
  • 3.2.1. Metal-based conductive inks
  • 3.2.2. Nanoparticle inks
  • 3.2.3. Silver inks
  • 3.2.4. Particle-Free conductive ink
  • 3.2.5. Copper inks
  • 3.2.6. Gold (Au) ink
  • 3.2.7. Conductive polymer inks
  • 3.2.8. Liquid metals
  • 3.2.9. Companies
• 3.3. Printable semiconductors
  • 3.3.1. Technology overview
  • 3.3.2. Advantages and disadvantages
  • 3.3.3. SWOT analysis
• 3.4. Printable sensing materials
  • 3.4.1. Overview
  • 3.4.2. Types
  • 3.4.3. SWOT analysis
• 3.5. Flexible Substrates
  • 3.5.1. Flexible plastic substrates
    • 3.5.1.1. Types of materials
    • 3.5.1.2. Flexible (bio) polyimide PCBs
  • 3.5.2. Paper substrates
    • 3.5.2.1. Overview
  • 3.5.3. Glass substrates
    • 3.5.3.1. Overview
  • 3.5.4. Textile substrates
• 3.6. Flexible ICs
  • 3.6.1. Description
  • 3.6.2. Flexible metal oxide ICs
  • 3.6.3. Comparison of flexible integrated circuit technologies
  • 3.6.4. SWOT analysis
• 3.7. Printed PCBs
  • 3.7.1. Description
  • 3.7.2. High-Speed PCBs
  • 3.7.3. Flexible PCBs
  • 3.7.4. 3D Printed PCBs
  • 3.7.5. Sustainable PCBs
• 3.8. Thin film batteries
  • 3.8.1. Technology description
  • 3.8.2. SWOT analysis
• 3.9. Energy harvesting
  • 3.9.1. Approaches
  • 3.9.2. Perovskite photovoltaics
  • 3.9.3. Applications
  • 3.9.4. SWOT analysis

4. PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE CONSUMER ELECTRONICS

• 4.1. Macro-trends
• 4.2. Market drivers
• 4.3. SWOT analysis
• 4.4. Wearable sensors
• 4.5. Wearable actuators
• 4.6. Recent market developments
• 4.7. Wrist-worn wearables
  • 4.7.1. Overview
  • 4.7.2. Sports-watches, smart-watches and fitness trackers
    • 4.7.2.1. Sensing
    • 4.7.2.2. Actuating
  • 4.7.3. SWOT analysis
  • 4.7.4. Health monitoring
  • 4.7.5. Energy harvesting for powering smartwatches
  • 4.7.6. Main producers and products
• 4.8. Sports and fitness
  • 4.8.1. Overview
  • 4.8.2. Wearable devices and apparel
  • 4.8.3. Skin patches
  • 4.8.4. Products
• 4.9. Hearables
  • 4.9.1. Technology overview
  • 4.9.2. Assistive Hearables
• 4.9.2.1 Biometric Monitoring
  • 4.9.3. SWOT analysis
  • 4.9.4. Health & Fitness Hearables
  • 4.9.5. Multimedia Hearables
  • 4.9.6. Artificial Intelligence (AI)
  • 4.9.7. Companies and products
• 4.10. Sleep trackers and wearable monitors
  • 4.10.1. Built in function in smart watches and fitness trackers
  • 4.10.2. Smart rings
  • 4.10.3. Headbands
  • 4.10.4. Sleep monitoring devices
    • 4.10.4.1. Companies and products
• 4.11. Pet and animal wearables
• 4.12. Military wearables
• 4.13. Industrial and workplace monitoring
  • 4.13.1. Products
• 4.14. Global market forecasts
  • 4.14.1. Volume
  • 4.14.2. Revenues
• 4.15. Market challenges
• 4.16. Companies

5. PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE MEDICAL AND HEALTHCARE/WELLNESS ELECTRONICS

• 5.1. Macro-trends
• 5.2. Market drivers
• 5.3. SWOT analysis
• 5.4. Current state of the art
  • 5.4.1. Electrochemical biosensors
  • 5.4.2. Skin patches for continuous monitoring
  • 5.4.3. Printed pH sensors
  • 5.4.4. Wearable medical device products
  • 5.4.5. Temperature and respiratory rate monitoring
• 5.5. Wearable and health monitoring and rehabilitation
  • 5.5.1. Market overview
  • 5.5.2. Companies and products
• 5.6. Electronic skin patches
  • 5.6.1. Electronic skin sensors
  • 5.6.2. Conductive hydrogels for soft and flexible electronics
  • 5.6.3. Nanomaterials-based devices
    • 5.6.3.1. Graphene
  • 5.6.4. Liquid metal alloys
  • 5.6.5. Conductive hydrogels for soft and flexible electronics
  • 5.6.6. Printed batteries
  • 5.6.7. Materials
    • 5.6.7.1. Summary of advanced materials
  • 5.6.8. SWOT analysis
  • 5.6.9. Temperature and respiratory rate monitoring
    • 5.6.9.1. Market overview
    • 5.6.9.2. Companies and products
  • 5.6.10. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)
    • 5.6.10.1. Market overview
  • 5.6.11. Minimally-invasive CGM sensors
    • 5.6.11.1. Technologies
  • 5.6.12 Non-invasive CGM sensors
    • 5.6.12.1. Commercial devices
    • 5.6.12.2. Companies and products
  • 5.6.13. Cardiovascular monitoring
    • 5.6.13.1. Market overview
    • 5.6.13.2. ECG sensors
      • 5.6.13.2.1. Companies and products
    • 5.6.13.3. PPG sensors
      • 5.6.13.3.1. Companies and products
  • 5.6.14. Pregnancy and newborn monitoring
    • 5.6.14.1. Market overview
    • 5.6.14.2. Companies and products
  • 5.6.15. Hydration sensors
    • 5.6.15.1. Market overview
    • 5.6.15.2. Companies and products
  • 5.6.16. Wearable sweat sensors (medical and sports)
    • 5.6.16.1. Market overview
    • 5.6.16.2. Companies and products
• 5.7. Wearable drug delivery
  • 5.7.1. Companies and products
• 5.8. Cosmetics patches
  • 5.8.1. Companies and products
• 5.9. Femtech devices
  • 5.9.1. Companies and products
• 5.10. Smart footwear for health monitoring
  • 5.10.1. Companies and products
• 5.11. Smart contact lenses and smart glasses for visually impaired
  • 5.11.1. Companies and products
• 5.12. Smart woundcare
  • 5.12.1. Companies and products
• 5.13. Smart diapers
  • 5.13.1. Companies and products
• 5.14. Wearable robotics-exo-skeletons, bionic prostheses, exo-suits, and body worn collaborative robots
  • 5.14.1. Companies and products
• 5.15. Global market forecasts
  • 5.15.1. Volume
  • 5.15.2. Revenues
• 5.16. Market challenges

6. ELECTRONIC TEXTILES (E-TEXTILES) AND SMART APPAREL

• 6.1. Macro-trends
• 6.2. Market drivers
• 6.3. SWOT analysis
• 6.4. Performance requirements for E-textiles
• 6.5. Growth prospects for electronic textiles
• 6.6. Textiles in the Internet of Things
• 6.7. Types of E-Textile products
  • 6.7.1. Embedded e-textiles
  • 6.7.2. Laminated e-textiles
• 6.8. Materials and components
  • 6.8.1. Integrating electronics for E-Textiles
    • 6.8.1.1. Textile-adapted
    • 6.8.1.2. Textile-integrated
    • 6.8.1.3. Textile-based
  • 6.8.2. Manufacturing of E-textiles
    • 6.8.2.1. Integration of conductive polymers and inks
    • 6.8.2.2. Integration of conductive yarns and conductive filament fibers
    • 6.8.2.3. Integration of conductive sheets
  • 6.8.3. Flexible and stretchable electronics in E-textiles
  • 6.8.4. E-textiles materials and components
    • 6.8.4.1. Conductive and stretchable fibers and yarns
      • 6.8.4.1.1. Production
      • 6.8.4.1.2. Metals
      • 6.8.4.1.3. Carbon materials and nanofibers
        • 6.8.4.1.3.1. Graphene
        • 6.8.4.1.3.2. Carbon nanotubes
        • 6.8.4.1.3.3. Nanofibers
    • 6.8.4.2. Mxenes
    • 6.8.4.3. Hexagonal boron-nitride (h-BN)/Bboron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs)
    • 6.8.4.4. Conductive polymers
      • 6.8.4.4.1. PDMS
      • 6.8.4.4.2. PEDOT: PSS
      • 6.8.4.4.3. Polypyrrole (PPy)
      • 6.8.4.4.4. Conductive polymer composites
      • 6.8.4.4.5. Ionic conductive polymers
    • 6.8.4.5. Conductive inks
      • 6.8.4.5.1. Aqueous-Based Ink
      • 6.8.4.5.2. Solvent-Based Ink
      • 6.8.4.5.3. Oil-Based Ink
      • 6.8.4.5.4. Hot-Melt Ink
      • 6.8.4.5.5. UV-Curable Ink
      • 6.8.4.5.6. Metal-based conductive inks
        • 6.8.4.5.6.1. Nanoparticle ink
        • 6.8.4.5.6.2. Silver inks
        • 6.8.4.5.6.3. Copper inks
        • 6.8.4.5.6.4. Gold (Au) ink
      • 6.8.4.5.7. Carbon-based conductive inks
        • 6.8.4.5.7.1. Carbon nanotubes
        • 6.8.4.5.7.2. Single-walled carbon nanotubes
        • 6.8.4.5.7.3. Graphene
      • 6.8.4.5.8. Liquid metals
        • 6.8.4.5.8.1. Properties
    • 6.8.4.6. Electronic filaments
    • 6.8.4.7. Phase change materials
      • 6.8.4.7.1. Temperature controlled fabrics
    • 6.8.4.8. Shape memory materials
    • 6.8.4.9. Metal halide perovskites
    • 6.8.4.10. Nanocoatings in smart textiles
    • 6.8.4.11. 3D printing
      • 6.8.4.11.1. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)
      • 6.8.4.11.2. Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
      • 6.8.4.11.3. Products
  • 6.8.5. E-textiles components
    • 6.8.5.1. Sensors and actuators
      • 6.8.5.1.1. Physiological sensors
      • 6.8.5.1.2. Environmental sensors
      • 6.8.5.1.3. Pressure sensors
        • 6.8.5.1.3.1. Flexible capacitive sensors
        • 6.8.5.1.3.2. Flexible piezoresistive sensors
        • 6.8.5.1.3.3. Flexible piezoelectric sensors
      • 6.8.5.1.4. Activity sensors
      • 6.8.5.1.5. Strain sensors
        • 6.8.5.1.5.1. Resistive sensors
        • 6.8.5.1.5.2. Capacitive strain sensors
      • 6.8.5.1.6. Temperature sensors
        • 6.8.5.1.7. Inertial measurement units (IMUs)
    • 6.8.5.2. Electrodes
    • 6.8.5.3. Connectors
• 6.9. Applications, markets and products
  • 6.9.1. Temperature monitoring and regulation
    • 6.9.1.1. Heated clothing
    • 6.9.1.2. Heated gloves
    • 6.9.1.3. Heated insoles
    • 6.9.1.4. Heated jacket and clothing products
    • 6.9.1.5. Materials used in flexible heaters and applications
  • 6.9.2. Stretchable E-fabrics
  • 6.9.3. Therapeutic products
  • 6.9.4. Sport & fitness
    • 6.9.4.1. Products
  • 6.9.5. Smart footwear
    • 6.9.5.1. Companies and products
  • 6.9.6. Wearable displays
  • 6.9.7. Military
  • 6.9.8. Textile-based lighting
    • 6.9.8.1. OLEDs
  • 6.9.9. Smart gloves
  • 6.9.10. Powering E-textiles
    • 6.9.10.1. Advantages and disadvantages of main battery types for E-textiles
    • 6.9.10.2. Bio-batteries
    • 6.9.10.3. Challenges for battery integration in smart textiles
    • 6.9.10.4. Textile supercapacitors
    • 6.9.10.5. Energy harvesting
      • 6.9.10.5.1. Photovoltaic solar textiles
      • 6.9.10.5.2. Energy harvesting nanogenerators
        • 6.9.10.5.2.1. TENGs
        • 6.9.10.5.2.2. PENGs
      • 6.9.10.5.3. Radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting
  • 6.9.11. Motion capture for AR/VR
• 6.10. Global market forecasts
  • 6.10.1. Volume
  • 6.10.2. Revenues
• 6.11. Market challenges
• 6.12. Companies

7. PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE ENERGY STORAGE AND HARVESTING

• 7.1. Macro-trends
• 7.2. Market drivers
• 7.3. SWOT analysis
• 7.4. Applications of printed and flexible electronics
• 7.5. Flexible and stretchable batteries for electronics
• 7.6. Approaches to flexibility
• 7.7. Flexible Battery Technologies
  • 7.7.1. Thin-film Lithium-ion Batteries
    • 7.7.1.1. Types of Flexible/stretchable LIBs
      • 7.7.1.1.1. Flexible planar LiBs
      • 7.7.1.1.2. Flexible Fiber LiBs
      • 7.7.1.1.3. Flexible micro-LiBs
      • 7.7.1.1.4. Stretchable lithium-ion batteries
      • 7.7.1.1.5. Origami and kirigami lithium-ion batteries
    • 7.7.1.2. Flexible Li/S batteries
    • 7.7.1.3. Flexible lithium-manganese dioxide (Li-MnO2) batteries
  • 7.7.2. Printed Batteries
    • 7.7.2.1. Technical specifications
    • 7.7.2.2. Components
    • 7.7.2.3. Design
    • 7.7.2.4. Key features
      • 7.7.2.4.1. Printable current collectors
      • 7.7.2.4.2. Printable electrodes
      • 7.7.2.4.3. Materials
      • 7.7.2.4.4. Applications
      • 7.7.2.4.5. Printing techniques
      • 7.7.2.4.6. Lithium-ion (LIB) printed batteries
      • 7.7.2.4.7. Zinc-based printed batteries
      • 7.7.2.4.8. 3D Printed batteries
        • 7.7.2.4.8.1. Materials for 3D printed batteries
  • 7.7.3. Thin-Film Solid-state Batteries
    • 7.7.3.1. Solid-state electrolytes
    • 7.7.3.2. Features and advantages
    • 7.7.3.3. Technical specifications
    • 7.7.3.4. Microbatteries
      • 7.7.3.4.1. Introduction
      • 7.7.3.4.2. 3D designs
  • 7.7.4. Stretchable Batteries
  • 7.7.5. Other Emerging Technologies
    • 7.7.5.1. Metal-sulfur batteries
    • 7.7.5.2. Flexible zinc-based batteries
    • 7.7.5.3. Flexible silver-zinc (Ag-Zn) batteries
    • 7.7.5.4. Flexible Zn-Air batteries
    • 7.7.5.5. Flexible zinc-vanadium batteries
    • 7.7.5.6. Fiber-shaped batteries
      • 7.7.5.6.1. Carbon nanotubes
      • 7.7.5.6.2. Applications
      • 7.7.5.6.3. Challenges
    • 7.7.5.7. Transparent batteries
      • 7.7.5.7.1. Components
    • 7.7.5.8. Degradable batteries
      • 7.7.5.8.1. Components
    • 7.7.5.9. Fiber-shaped batteries
      • 7.7.5.9.1. Carbon nanotubes
      • 7.7.5.9.2. Types
      • 7.7.5.9.3. Applications
      • 7.7.5.9.4. Challenges
• 7.8. Key Components of Flexible Batteries
  • 7.8.1. Electrodes
    • 7.8.1.1. Cable-type batteries
    • 7.8.1.2. Batteries-on-wire
  • 7.8.2. Electrolytes
  • 7.8.3. Separators
  • 7.8.4. Current Collectors
  • 7.8.5. Packaging
    • 7.8.5.1. Flexible Pouch Cells
    • 7.8.5.2. Encapsulation Materials
  • 7.8.6. Other Manufacturing Techniques
• 7.9. Performance Metrics and Characteristics
  • 7.9.1. Energy Density
  • 7.9.2. Power Density
  • 7.9.3. Cycle Life
  • 7.9.4. Flexibility and Bendability
• 7.10. Printed supercapacitors
  • 7.10.1. Electrode materials
  • 7.10.2. Electrolytes
• 7.11. Photovoltaics
  • 7.11.1. Conductive pastes
  • 7.11.2. Organic photovoltaics (OPV)
  • 7.11.3. Perovskite PV
  • 7.11.4. Flexible and stretchable photovoltaics
    • 7.11.4.1. Companies
  • 7.11.5. Photovoltaic solar textiles
  • 7.11.6. Solar tape
  • 7.11.7. Origami-like solar cells
  • 7.11.8. Spray-on and stick-on perovskite photovoltaics
  • 7.11.9. Photovoltaic solar textiles
• 7.12. Transparent and flexible heaters
  • 7.12.1. Technology overview
  • 7.12.2. Applications
    • 7.12.2.1. Automotive Industry
      • 7.12.2.1.1. Defrosting and Defogging Systems
      • 7.12.2.1.2. Heated Windshields and Mirrors
      • 7.12.2.1.3. Touch Panels and Displays
    • 7.12.2.2. Aerospace and Aviation
      • 7.12.2.2.1. Aircraft Windows and Canopies
      • 7.12.2.2.2. Sensor and Camera Housings
    • 7.12.2.3. Consumer Electronics
      • 7.12.2.3.1. Smartphones and Tablets
      • 7.12.2.3.2. Wearable Devices
      • 7.12.2.3.3. Smart Home Appliances
    • 7.12.2.4. Building and Architecture
      • 7.12.2.4.1. Smart Windows
      • 7.12.2.4.2. Heated Glass Facades
      • 7.12.2.4.3. Greenhouse and Skylight Applications
    • 7.12.2.5. Medical and Healthcare
      • 7.12.2.5.1. Incubators and Warming Beds
      • 7.12.2.5.2. Surgical Microscopes and Endoscopes
      • 7.12.2.5.3. Medical Imaging Equipment
    • 7.12.2.6. Display Technologies
      • 7.12.2.6.1. LCD Displays
      • 7.12.2.6.2. OLED Displays
      • 7.12.2.6.3. Flexible and Transparent Displays
    • 7.12.2.7. Energy Systems
      • 7.12.2.7.1. Solar Panels (De-icing and Efficiency Enhancement)
      • 7.12.2.7.2. Fuel Cells
      • 7.12.2.7.3. Battery Systems
• 7.13. Thermoelectric energy harvesting
• 7.14. Market challenges
• 7.15. Global market forecasts
  • 7.15.1. Volume
  • 7.15.2. Revenues
• 7.16. Companies

8. PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE DISPLAYS

• 8.1. Macro-trends
• 8.2. Market drivers
• 8.3. SWOT analysis
• 8.4. Printed and flexible display prototypes and products
• 8.5. Organic LCDs (OLCDs)
• 8.6. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs)
• 8.7. Inorganic LEDs
• 8.8. Flexible AMOLEDs
• 8.9. Flexible PMOLED (Passive Matrix OLED)
  • 8.9.1. Printed OLEDs
    • 8.9.1.1. Performance
    • 8.9.1.2. Challenges
• 8.10. Flexible and foldable microLED
  • 8.10.1. Foldable microLED displays
  • 8.10.2. Product developers
• 8.11. Flexible QD displays
• 8.12. Smartphones
• 8.13. Laptops, tablets and other displays
• 8.14. Products and prototypes
• 8.15. Flexible lighting
  • 8.15.1. OLED lighting
  • 8.15.2. Automotive applications
    • 8.15.2.1. Commercial activity
• 8.16. FHE for large area lighting
• 8.17. Directly printed LED lighting
• 8.18. Flexible electrophoretic displays
  • 8.18.1. Commercial activity
• 8.19. Electrowetting displays
• 8.20. Electrochromic displays
• 8.21. Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs)
  • 8.21.1. Types
  • 8.21.2. Challenges
  • 8.21.3. White PeLEDs
  • 8.21.4. Printable and flexible electronics
• 8.22. Metamaterials
  • 8.22.1. Metasurfaces
    • 8.22.1.1. Flexible metasurfaces
    • 8.22.1.2. Meta-Lens
    • 8.22.1.3. Metasurface holograms
    • 8.22.1.4. Stretchable displays
    • 8.22.1.5. Soft materials
• 8.23. Transparent displays
  • 8.23.1. Product developers
• 8.24. Global market forecasts
  • 8.24.1. Volume
  • 8.24.2. Revenues
• 8.25. Market challenges
• 8.26. Companies

9. PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS

• 9.1. Macro-trends
• 9.2. Market drivers
• 9.3. SWOT analysis
• 9.4. Applications
  • 9.4.1. Electric vehicles
    • 9.4.1.1. Applications
    • 9.4.1.2. Battery monitoring and heating
    • 9.4.1.3. Printed temperature sensors and heaters
  • 9.4.2. HMI
  • 9.4.3. Automotive displays and lighting
    • 9.4.3.1. Interiors
      • 9.4.3.1.1. OLED and flexible displays
      • 9.4.3.1.2. Passive-matrix OLEDs
      • 9.4.3.1.3. Active matrix OLED
      • 9.4.3.1.4. Transparent OLED for heads-up displays
      • 9.4.3.1.5. LCD displays
      • 9.4.3.1.6. Curved displays
        • 9.4.3.1.6.1. Overview
        • 9.4.3.1.6.2. Automotive applications
        • 9.4.3.1.6.3. Companies
      • 9.4.3.1.7. Micro-LEDs in automotive displays
        • 9.4.3.1.7.1. Head-up display (HUD)
        • 9.4.3.1.7.2. Headlamps
        • 9.4.3.1.7.3. Product developers
    • 9.4.3.2. Exteriors
  • 9.4.4. In-Mold Electronics
  • 9.4.5. Printed and flexible sensors
    • 9.4.5.1. Capacitive sensors
    • 9.4.5.2. Flexible and stretchable pressure sensors
    • 9.4.5.3. Piezoresistive sensors
    • 9.4.5.4. Piezoelectric sensors
    • 9.4.5.5. Image sensors
      • 9.4.5.5.1. Materials and technologies
  • 9.4.6. Printed heaters
    • 9.4.6.1. Printed car seat heaters
    • 9.4.6.2. Printed/flexible interior heaters
    • 9.4.6.3. Printed on-glass heater
    • 9.4.6.4. Carbon nanotube transparent conductors
    • 9.4.6.5. Metal mesh transparent conductors
    • 9.4.6.6. 3D shaped transparent heaters
    • 9.4.6.7. Direct heating
    • 9.4.6.8. Transparent heaters
  • 9.4.7. Transparent antennas
• 9.5. Global market forecasts
  • 9.5.1. Volume
  • 9.5.2. Revenues
• 9.6. Market challenges
• 9.7. Companies

10. PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE SENSORS

• 10.1. Market overview
• 10.2. Printed piezoresistive sensors
  • 10.2.1. Technology overview
  • 10.2.2. Applications
    • 10.2.2.1. Automotive
    • 10.2.2.2. Consumer electronics
    • 10.2.2.3. Medical
    • 10.2.2.4. Inventory management
    • 10.2.2.5. Industrial applications
• 10.3. Printed piezoelectric sensors
  • 10.3.1. Technology overview
  • 10.3.2. Applications
• 10.4. Printed photodetectors
  • 10.4.1. Technology overview
  • 10.4.2. Applications
    • 10.4.2.1. Image Sensors
    • 10.4.2.2. Biometrics
    • 10.4.2.3. Flexible X-ray detectors
    • 10.4.2.4. Healthcare and Wearables
    • 10.4.2.5. Inventory Management
• 10.5. Printed temperature sensors
  • 10.5.1. Technology overview
  • 10.5.2. Applications
    • 10.5.2.1. Automotive
    • 10.5.2.2. Monitoring Systems
    • 10.5.2.3. Consumer Electronics
• 10.6. Printed strain sensors
  • 10.6.1. Technology overview
  • 10.6.2. Applications
    • 10.6.2.1. Industrial health monitoring
    • 10.6.2.2. Motion Capture for AR/VR
    • 10.6.2.3. Healthcare and Medical
• 10.7. Printed Gas Sensors
  • 10.7.1. Technology overview
  • 10.7.2. Applications
    • 10.7.2.1. Outdoor Pollution Monitoring
    • 10.7.2.2. Indoor Air Quality
    • 10.7.2.3. Automotive
    • 10.7.2.4. Breath Diagnostics
• 10.8. Printed capacitive sensors
  • 10.8.1. Technology overview
  • 10.8.2. Applications
    • 10.8.2.1. 3D electronics
    • 10.8.2.2. In-mold Electronics
    • 10.8.2.3. Hybrid Sensors
    • 10.8.2.4. Flexible Displays
    • 10.8.2.5. Automotive HMI
    • 10.8.2.6. Wearables and AR/VR
    • 10.8.2.7. Other Applications
• 10.9. Printed wearable electrodes
  • 10.9.1. Technology overview
  • 10.9.2. Applications
    • 10.9.2.1. Wearable EMG
    • 10.9.2.2. Skin Patches and E-Textiles
• 10.10. Global market forecasts
  • 10.10.1. Volume
  • 10.10.2. Revenues
• 10.11. Companies

11. PRINTED AND FLEXIBLE SMART BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTION ELECTRONICS

• 11.1. Macro-trends
• 11.2. Market drivers
• 11.3. SWOT analysis
• 11.4. Applications
  • 11.4.1. Industrial asset tracking/monitoring with hybrid electronics
  • 11.4.2. Customizable interiors
  • 11.4.3. Sensors
    • 11.4.3.1. Capacitive sensors
    • 11.4.3.2. Temperature and humidity sensors
    • 11.4.3.3. Sensors for air quality
    • 11.4.3.4. Magnetostrictive sensors
    • 11.4.3.5. Magneto- and electrorheological fluids
    • 11.4.3.6. CO2 sensors for energy efficient buildings
  • 11.4.4. Building integrated transparent antennas
  • 11.4.5. Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS)
  • 11.4.6. Industrial monitoring
• 11.5. Global market forecasts
  • 11.5.1. Revenues
• 11.6. Companies

12. SMART PACKAGING ELECTRONICS

• 12.1. What is Smart Packaging?
  • 12.1.1. Flexible hybrid electronics (FHE)
  • 12.1.2. Printed batteries and antennas
  • 12.1.3. Flexible silicon integrated circuits
  • 12.1.4. Natural materials in packaging
  • 12.1.5. Extruded conductive pastes and inkjet printing
  • 12.1.6. OLEDs for smart and interactive packaging
  • 12.1.7. Active packaging
  • 12.1.8. Intelligent packaging
    • 12.1.8.1. Smart Cards
    • 12.1.8.2. RFID tags
      • 12.1.8.2.1. Low-frequency (LF) RFID tags: 30 KHz to 300 KHz
      • 12.1.8.2.2. High-frequency (HF) RFID tags: 3 to 30 MHz
      • 12.1.8.2.3. Ultra-high-frequency (UHF) RFID tags: 300 MHz to 3GHz
      • 12.1.8.2.4. Active, passive and semi-passive RFID tags
    • 12.1.8.3. Temperature Indicators
    • 12.1.8.4. Freshness Indicators
    • 12.1.8.5. Gas Indicators
• 12.2. SWOT analysis
• 12.3. Supply chain management
• 12.4. Improving product freshness and extending shelf life
• 12.5. Brand protection and anti-counterfeiting
• 12.6. Printed and flexible electronics in packaging
  • 12.6.1. FHE with printed batteries and antennas for smart packaging
  • 12.6.2. Printed codes and markings
  • 12.6.3. Barcodes (D)
  • 12.6.4. D data matrix codes
  • 12.6.5. Augmented reality (AR) codes
  • 12.6.6. Sensors and indicators
    • 12.6.6.1. Freshness Indicators
    • 12.6.6.2. Time-temperature indicator labels (TTIs)
    • 12.6.6.3. Natural colour formulation indicator
    • 12.6.6.4. Thermochromic inks
    • 12.6.6.5. Gas indicators
    • 12.6.6.6. Chemical Sensors
    • 12.6.6.7. Electrochemical-Based Sensors
    • 12.6.6.8. Optical-Based Sensors
    • 12.6.6.9. Biosensors
      • 12.6.6.9.1. Electrochemical-Based Biosensors
      • 12.6.6.9.2. Optical-Based Biosensors
    • 12.6.6.10. Edible Sensors
  • 12.6.7. Antennas
    • 12.6.7.1. Radio frequency identification (RFID)
      • 12.6.7.1.1. RFID technologies
        • 12.6.7.1.1.1. Biosensors on RFID tags
        • 12.6.7.1.1.2. Powerless RFID sensor tags
        • 12.6.7.1.1.3. RFID ICs with Large Area Printed Sensors
        • 12.6.7.1.1.4. RFID for anti-counterfeiting
      • 12.6.7.1.2. Passive RFID
      • 12.6.7.1.3. Active RFID
        • 12.6.7.1.3.1. Real Time Locating Systems (RTLS)
        • 12.6.7.1.3.2. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN)
      • 12.6.7.1.4. Chipless RFID or Flexible/Printed IC Passive tags
      • 12.6.7.1.5. RAIN (UHF RFID) Smart Packaging
    • 12.6.7.2. Near-field communications (NFC)
  • 12.6.8. Smart blister packs
• 12.7. Global market forecasts
  • 12.7.1. Volume
  • 12.7.2. Revenues
• 12.8. Companies

13. COMPANY PROFILES (713 company profiles)

14. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

15. REFERENCES

List of Tables

• Table 1. Macro-trends driving printed/flexible electronics
• Table 2. Applications of printed and flexible electronics in healthcare & wellness
• Table 3. Applications of printed and flexible electronics in automotive
• Table 4. Applications of printed and flexible electronics in buildings and construction
• Table 5. Applications of printed and flexible electronics in energy storage and harvesting
• Table 6. Applications of printed and flexible electronics in E-textiles
• Table 7. Applications of printed and flexible electronics in consumer electronics
• Table 8. Applications of printed and flexible electronics in smart packaging and logistics
• Table 9. Types of wearable devices and applications
• Table 10. Types of wearable devices and the data collected
• Table 11. Main Wearable Device Companies by Shipment Volume, Market Share, and Year-Over-Year Growth, (million units)
• Table 12. New wearable tech products 2022-2024
• Table 13. Wearable market leaders by market segment
• Table 14.Stretchable Electronics Applications
• Table 15. Applications of stretchable electronics in wearables
• Table 16. Applications of stretchable electronics in sensors
• Table 17. Applications of stretchable artificial skin electronics
• Table 18. Applications for printed flexible and stretchable electronics in the metaverse
• Table 19. Advanced materials for Printed and Flexible and sensors and electronics-Advantages and disadvantages
• Table 20. Sheet resistance (RS) and transparency (T) values for transparent conductive oxides and alternative materials for transparent conductive electrodes (TCE)
• Table 21. Applications of printed flexible and stretchable electronics in the entertainment industry
• Table 22. Wearable, printed and flexible electronics at CES 2021-2024
• Table 23. Wearables Investment funding and buy-outs 2019-2024
• Table 24. Comparative analysis of conventional and flexible hybrid electronics
• Table 25. Materials, components, and manufacturing methods for FHE
• Table 26. Research and commercial activity in FHE
• Table 27. Global market revenues for Printed & Flexible consumer electronics, 2018-2035, (millions USD)
• Table 28. Global market for Printed & Flexible medical & healthcare electronics, 2018-2035, millions of US dollars
• Table 29. Global market for Printed & Flexible E-textiles and smart apparel electronics, 2018-2035, millions of US dollars
• Table 30. Global market for Printed & Flexible displays, 2018-2035, millions of US dollars
• Table 31. Global market for Printed & Flexible automotive electronics, 2018-2035, millions of US dollars
• Table 32. Global market for Printed & Flexible smart buildings electronics, 2018-2035, millions of US dollars
• Table 33. Global market for Printed & Flexible smart packaging electronics, 2018-2035, millions of US dollars
• Table 34. Manufacturing methods for printed, flexible and hybrid electronics
• Table 35. Common printing methods used in printed electronics manufacturing in terms of resolution vs throughput
• Table 36. Manufacturing methods for 3D electronics
• Table 37. Readiness level of various additive manufacturing technologies for electronics applications
• Table 38. Fully 3D printed electronics process steps
• Table 39. Manufacturing methods for Analogue manufacturing
• Table 40. Technological and commercial readiness level of analogue printing methods
• Table 41. Manufacturing methods for Digital printing
• Table 42. Innovations in high resolution printing
• Table 43. Key manufacturing methods for creating smart surfaces with integrated electronics
• Table 44. IME manufacturing techniques
• Table 45. Applications of R2R electronics manufacturing
• Table 46. Technology readiness level for R2R manufacturing
• Table 47. Materials for printed and flexible electronics
• Table 48. Comparison of component attachment materials
• Table 49. Comparison between sustainable and conventional component attachment materials for printed circuit boards
• Table 50. Comparison between the SMAs and SMPs
• Table 51. Comparison of conductive biopolymers versus conventional materials for printed circuit board fabrication
• Table 52. Low temperature solder alloys
• Table 53. Thermally sensitive substrate materials
• Table 54. Typical conductive ink formulation
• Table 55. Comparative properties of conductive inks
• Table 56. Comparison of the electrical conductivities of liquid metal with typical conductive inks
• Table 57. Conductive ink producers
• Table 58. Technology readiness level of printed semiconductors
• Table 59. Organic semiconductors: Advantages and disadvantages
• Table 60. Market Drivers for printed/flexible sensors
• Table 61. Overview of specific printed/flexible sensor types
• Table 62. Properties of typical flexible substrates
• Table 63. Comparison of stretchable substrates
• Table 64. Main types of materials used as flexible plastic substrates in flexible electronics
• Table 65. Applications of flexible (bio) polyimide PCBs
• Table 66. Paper substrates: Advantages and disadvantages
• Table 67. Comparison of flexible integrated circuit technologies
• Table 68. PCB manufacturing process
• Table 69. Challenges in PCB manufacturing
• Table 70. 3D PCB manufacturing
• Table 71. Macro-trends in consumer electronics
• Table 72. Market drivers and trends in wearable electronics
• Table 73. Types of wearable sensors
• Table 74. Trends in wearable technology
• Table 75. Different sensing modalities that can be incorporated into wrist-worn wearable device
• Table 76. Overview of actuating at the wrist
• Table 77. Wearable health monitors
• Table 78. Sports-watches, smart-watches and fitness trackers producers and products
• Table 79. Wearable sensors for sports performance
• Table 80. Wearable sensor products for monitoring sport performance
• Table 81. Product types in the hearing assistance technology market
• Table 82. Sensing options in the ear
• Table 83. Companies and products in hearables
• Table 84. Wearable sleep tracker products and prices
• Table 85. Smart ring products
• Table 86. Sleep headband products
• Table 87. Sleep monitoring products
• Table 88. Pet wearable companies and products
• Table 89. Wearable electronics applications in the military
• Table 90. Wearable workplace products
• Table 91. Global market for printed and flexible consumer electronics 2020-2035 by type (Millions Units)
• Table 92. Global market revenues for Printed & Flexible consumer electronics, 2018-2035, (millions USD)
• Table 93. Market challenges in consumer wearable electronics
• Table 94. Market players in printed and flexible consumer electronics
• Table 95. Macro trends in medical & healthcare/ wellness
• Table 96. Market drivers for printed, flexible and stretchable medical and healthcare sensors and wearables
• Table 97. Healthcare/wellness applications for printed/flexible electronics
• Table 98. Examples of wearable medical device products
• Table 99. Medical wearable companies applying products to remote monitoring and analysis
• Table 100. Electronic skin patch manufacturing value chain
• Table 101. Benefits of electronic skin patches as a form factor
• Table 102. Current and emerging applications for electronic skin patches
• Table 103. Applications in flexible and stretchable health monitors, by advanced materials type and benefits thereof
• Table 104. Medical wearable companies applying products to temperate and respiratory monitoring and analysis
• Table 105. Technologies for minimally-invasive and non-invasive glucose detection-advantages and disadvantages
• Table 106. Commercial devices for non-invasive glucose monitoring not released or withdrawn from market
• Table 107. Minimally-invasive and non-invasive glucose monitoring products
• Table 108. Companies developing wearable sweat sensors
• Table 109. Wearable drug delivery companies and products
• Table 110. Companies and products in cosmetics patches
• Table 111. Companies developing femtech wearable technology
• Table 112. Companies and products in smart footwear
• Table 113. Companies and products in smart contact lenses
• Table 114. Companies and products in smart wound care
• Table 115. Companies developing smart diaper products
• Table 116. Companies developing wearable robotics
• Table 117. Global Market for Printed and Flexible Medical & Healthcare Electronics 2020-2035 (Million Units)
• Table 118. Global market for printed and flexible medical & healthcare electronics, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Table 119. Market challenges in medical and healthcare sensors and wearables
• Table 120. Macro-trends for electronic textiles
• Table 121. Market drivers for printed, flexible, stretchable and organic electronic textiles
• Table 122. Examples of smart textile products
• Table 123. Performance requirements for E-textiles
• Table 124. Commercially available smart clothing products
• Table 125. Types of smart textiles
• Table 126. Comparison of E-textile fabrication methods
• Table 127. Types of fabrics for the application of electronic textiles
• Table 128. Methods for integrating conductive compounds
• Table 129. Methods for integrating conductive yarn and conductive filament fiber
• Table 130. 1D electronic fibers including the conductive materials, fabrication strategies, electrical conductivity, stretchability, and applications
• Table 131. Conductive materials used in smart textiles, their electrical conductivity and percolation threshold
• Table 132. Metal coated fibers and their mechanisms
• Table 133. Applications of carbon nanomaterials and other nanomaterials in e-textiles
• Table 134. Applications and benefits of graphene in textiles and apparel
• Table 135. Properties of CNTs and comparable materials
• Table 136. Properties of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN)
• Table 137. Types of flexible conductive polymers, properties and applications
• Table 138. Typical conductive ink formulation
• Table 139. Comparative properties of conductive inks
• Table 140. Comparison of pros and cons of various types of conductive ink compositions
• Table 141. Properties of CNTs and comparable materials
• Table 142. Properties of graphene
• Table 143. Electrical conductivity of different types of graphene
• Table 144. Comparison of the electrical conductivities of liquid metal with typical conductive inks
• Table 145. Nanocoatings applied in the smart textiles industry-type of coating, nanomaterials utilized, benefits and applications
• Table 146. 3D printed shoes
• Table 147. Sensors used in electronic textiles
• Table 148. Features of flexible strain sensors with different structures
• Table 149. Features of resistive and capacitive strain sensors
• Table 150. Typical applications and markets for e-textiles
• Table 151. Heated jacket products
• Table 152. Heated jacket and clothing products
• Table 153. Examples of materials used in flexible heaters and applications
• Table 154. Commercialized smart textiles/or e-textiles for healthcare and fitness applications
• Table 155. Wearable sensor products for monitoring sport performance
• Table 156.Companies and products in smart footwear
• Table 157. Wearable Displays Applications
• Table 158. Types of Wearable Displays
• Table 159. Commercial Examples of Wearable Displays
• Table 160. Wearable electronics applications in the military
• Table 161. Smart glove products
• Table 162. Advantages and disadvantages of batteries for E-textiles
• Table 163. Comparison of prototype batteries (flexible, textile, and other) in terms of area-specific performance
• Table 164. Advantages and disadvantages of photovoltaic, piezoelectric, triboelectric, and thermoelectric energy harvesting in of e-textiles
• Table 165. Teslasuit
• Table 166. Global market for printed and flexible E-textiles and smart apparel electronics, 2020-2035 (Million Units)
• Table 167. Global market for printed and flexible E-textiles and smart apparel electronics, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Table 168. Market and technical challenges for E-textiles and smart clothing
• Table 169. Market players in E-textiles
• Table 170. Macro-trends in printed and flexible electronics in energy
• Table 171. Market drivers for Printed and flexible electronic energy storage, generation and harvesting
• Table 172. Energy applications for printed/flexible electronics
• Table 173. Comparison of Flexible and Traditional Lithium-Ion Batteries
• Table 174. Material Choices for Flexible Battery Components
• Table 175. Flexible Li-ion battery prototypes
• Table 176. Thin film vs bulk solid-state batteries
• Table 177. Summary of fiber-shaped lithium-ion batteries
• Table 178. Main components and properties of different printed battery types
• Table 179, Types of printable current collectors and the materials commonly used
• Table 180. Applications of printed batteries and their physical and electrochemical requirements
• Table 181. 2D and 3D printing techniques
• Table 182. Printing techniques applied to printed batteries
• Table 183. Main components and corresponding electrochemical values of lithium-ion printed batteries
• Table 184. Printing technique, main components and corresponding electrochemical values of printed batteries based on Zn-MnO2 and other battery types
• Table 185. Main 3D Printing techniques for battery manufacturing
• Table 186. Electrode Materials for 3D Printed Batteries
• Table 187. Main Fabrication Techniques for Thin-Film Batteries
• Table 188. Types of solid-state electrolytes
• Table 189. Market segmentation and status for solid-state batteries
• Table 190. Typical process chains for manufacturing key components and assembly of solid-state batteries
• Table 191. Comparison between liquid and solid-state batteries
• Table 192. Types of fiber-shaped batteries
• Table 193. Components of transparent batteries
• Table 194. Components of degradable batteries
• Table 195. Types of fiber-shaped batteries
• Table 196. Organic vs. Inorganic Solid-State Electrolytes
• Table 197. Electrode designs in flexible lithium-ion batteries
• Table 198. Packaging Procedures for Pouch Cells
• Table 199. Performance Metrics and Characteristics for Printed and Flexible Batteries
• Table 200. Methods for printing supercapacitors
• Table 201. Electrode Materials for printed supercapacitors
• Table 202. Electrolytes for printed supercapacitors
• Table 203. Main properties and components of printed supercapacitors
• Table 204. Conductive pastes for photovoltaics
• Table 205. Companies commercializing thin film flexible photovoltaics
• Table 206. Examples of materials used in flexible heaters and applications
• Table 207. Transparent heaters for exterior lighting / sensors / windows
• Table 208. Types of transparent heaters for automotive exterior applications
• Table 209. Smart Window Applications of Transparent Heaters
• Table 210. Applications of Printed and Flexible Fuel Cells
• Table 211. Market challenges in printed and flexible electronics for energy
• Table 212. Global market for printed and flexible energy storage, generation and harvesting electronics, 2020-2035 by type (Volume)
• Table 213. Global market for printed and flexible energy storage, generation and harvesting electronics, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Table 214. Market players in printed and flexible energy storage and harvesting
• Table 215. Macro-trends in displays
• Table 216. Market drivers for Printed and flexible displays and electronic components
• Table 217. Printed and flexible displays products
• Table 218. Flexible miniLED and MicroLED products
• Table 219. Comparison of performance metrics between microLEDs and other commercial display technologies
• Table 220. Foldable smartphones, laptops and tablets and other display products, on or near market
• Table 221. Companies developing OLED lighting products
• Table 222. Types of electrochromic materials and applications
• Table 223. Applications of Mini-LED and Micro-LED transparent displays
• Table 224. Companies developing Micro-LED transparent displays
• Table 225. Estimated Global Market for Flexible Displays (Million Units)*
• Table 226. Global market for printed and flexible displays, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Table 227. Market challenges in printed and flexible displays
• Table 228. Market players in printed and flexible displays
• Table 229. Macro-trends in automotive
• Table 230. Market drivers for printed and flexible electronics in automotive
• Table 231. Printed and flexible electronics in the automotive market
• Table 232. Printed/flexible electronics in automotive displays and lighting
• Table 233. Printed and flexible electronics are being integrated into vehicle interiors
• Table 234. Applications of curved displays in automotive and technology readiness level (TRL)
• Table 235. Companies developing curved automotive displays
• Table 236. Applications of Micro-LED in automotive
• Table 237. HUD vs other display types
• Table 238. Automotive display Mini-LED and Micro-LED products
• Table 239. Conductive materials for transparent capacitive sensors
• Table 240. Automotive applications for printed piezoresistive sensors
• Table 241. Piezoelectric sensors for automotive applications
• Table 242. Printed piezoelectric sensors in automotive applications
• Table 243. SWIR for autonomous mobility and ADAS
• Table 244. Types of printed photodetectors and image sensors developed for automotive applications
• Table 245. Comparison of SWIR image sensors technologies
• Table 246. Comparison of conventional and printed seat heaters for automotive applications
• Table 247. Printed car seat heaters
• Table 248. Types of Printed/flexible interior heaters
• Table 249. Transparent heaters for exterior lighting / sensors / windows
• Table 250. Types of transparent heaters for automotive exterior applications
• Table 251. Transparent electronics for automotive radar for ADAS
• Table 252. Global Market for Automotive Electronics (Million Units)
• Table 253. Global market for printed and flexible automotive electronics, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Table 254. Market challenges for printed and flexible electronics in automotive
• Table 255. Market players in printed and flexible electronics in automotive
• Table 256. Market opportunities in printed and flexible sensors
• Table 257.Growth Opportunities in Printed and Flexible Sensors
• Table 258. Growth Markets for Printed Sensor Technology
• Table 259.Manufacturing Methods for Printed Piezoresistive Sensors
• Table 260. Piezoresistive vs Capacitive Touch Sensors
• Table 261. Printed piezoresistive sensors applications
• Table 262. Manufacturing Process of Piezoelectric Polymers
• Table 263. Printed Piezoelectric Materials in Sensors
• Table 264. Printed piezoelectric sensors Applications
• Table 265. Comparison of Photodetector Technologies
• Table 266. Materials for Thin Film Photodetectors
• Table 267. Pros and Cons of Printed QD Manufacturing Methods
• Table 268. Printed photodetectors Applications
• Table 269. Types of Temperature Sensors
• Table 270. Printed Temperature Sensor Materials and Printing Methods
• Table 271. Printed temperature sensors Applications
• Table 272. Printed strain sensors Applications
• Table 273. Types and Materials for Printed Gas Sensors
• Table 274. Printed Gas Sensor Applications
• Table 275. Printed Capacitive Sensor Technologies
• Table 276. Materials Used in Printed Capacitive Sensors
• Table 277. Printed capacitive sensors Applications
• Table 278. Applications and Product Types of Printed Wearable Electrodes
• Table 279. Wet vs. Dry Electrodes for Wearable Applications
• Table 280. Applications of printed wearable electrodes
• Table 281. Global market for printed/flexible sensors 2020-2035 by market (Volume in Millions of Units)
• Table 282. Global market for printed/flexible sensors 2020-2035 by market (Billions USD)
• Table 283. Market players in printed and flexible sensors
• Table 284. Macro-trends in smart buildings and construction
• Table 285. Market drivers for smart sensors for buildings
• Table 286. Printed and flexible electronics being applied for building, infrastructure, and industrial applications
• Table 287. Printed electronics in customizable smart building interiors
• Table 288. Types of smart building sensors
• Table 289. Commonly used sensors in smart buildings
• Table 290. Capacitive sensors integrated into smart buildings
• Table 291. Types of flexible humidity sensors
• Table 292. MOF sensor applications
• Table 293. Global market for printed and flexible smart buildings electronics, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Table 294. Market players in printed and flexible smart buildings electronics
• Table 295. Consumer goods applications for printed/flexible electronics
• Table 296. Types of Active packaging
• Table 297. Commercially available food active packaging
• Table 298. Types of intelligent packaging
• Table 299. Types of RFID tags
• Table 300. Commercially available time-temperature indicators (TTI) indicators
• Table 301. Commercially available freshness indicators
• Table 302. Commercially available gas indicators
• Table 303. Supply chain management considerations for smart electronic packaging targeted at consumers
• Table 304. Types of printed/flexible electronics and materials that can be used to enhance packaging barcodes
• Table 305. Commercially available freshness indicators
• Table 306. Commercial examples of time-temperature indicators
• Table 307. Examples of Chemical Time Temperature Indicators (TTIs)
• Table 308. Types of ripeness indicators
• Table 309. Commercially available gas indicators
• Table 310. Chemical sensors in smart packaging
• Table 311. Electrochemical-based sensors for smart food packaging
• Table 312. Optical-based sensors for smart food packaging applications
• Table 313. Electrochemical biosensors for smart food packaging:
• Table 314. Optical-Based Biosensors for smart food packaging
• Table 315. Types of edible sensors for food packaging
• Table 316. Commercially available radio frequency identification systems (RFID) technology
• Table 317. Passive RFID: Technologies by Operating Frequency
• Table 318. Examples of NFC in packaging
• Table 319. Companies in smart blister packs
• Table 320. Global Market for Smart Packaging Electronics (Million Units)
• Table 321. Global market for printed and flexible smart packaging electronics, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Table 322. Market players in smart packaging electronics
• Table 323. 3DOM separator
• Table 324. Battery performance test specifications of J. Flex batteries
• Table 325. TCL Mini-LED product range

List of Figures

• Figure 1. Examples of flexible electronics devices
• Figure 2. Evolution of electronics
• Figure 3. Applications for printed and flexible electronics
• Figure 4. Wearable technology inventions
• Figure 5. Market map for printed and flexible electronics
• Figure 6. Wove Band
• Figure 7. Wearable graphene medical sensor
• Figure 8. 3D printed stretchable electronics
• Figure 9. Artificial skin prototype for gesture recognition
• Figure 10. Applications of wearable flexible sensors worn on various body parts
• Figure 11. Systemization of wearable electronic systems
• Figure 12. Baby Monitor
• Figure 13. Wearable health monitor incorporating graphene photodetectors
• Figure 14. LG 77" transparent 4K OLED TV
• Figure 15. 137-inch N1 foldable TV
• Figure 16. Flex Note ExtendableTM
• Figure 17. Flex In & Out Flip
• Figure 18. Traxcon printed lighting circuitry
• Figure 19. Global market revenues for Printed & Flexible consumer electronics, 2018-2035, (millions USD)
• Figure 20. Global market for Printed & Flexible medical & healthcare electronics, 2018-2035, millions of US dollars
• Figure 21. Global market for Printed & Flexible E-textiles and smart apparel electronics, 2018-2035, millions of US dollars
• Figure 22. Global market for Printed & Flexible displays, 2018-2035, millions of US dollars
• Figure 23. Global market for Printed & Flexible automotive electronics, 2018-2035, millions of US dollars
• Figure 24. Global market for Printed & Flexible smart buildings electronics, 2018-2035, millions of US dollars
• Figure 25. Global market for Printed & Flexible smart packaging electronics, 2018-2035, millions of US dollars
• Figure 26. SWOT analysis for printed electronics
• Figure 27. SWOT analysis for 3D electronics
• Figure 28. SWOT analysis for analogue printing
• Figure 29. SWOT analysis for digital printing
• Figure 30. In-mold electronics prototype devices and products
• Figure 31. SWOT analysis for In-Mold Electronics
• Figure 32. SWOT analysis for R2R manufacturing
• Figure 33. The molecular mechanism of the shape memory effect under different stimuli
• Figure 34. Supercooled SolderingTM Technology
• Figure 35. Reflow soldering schematic
• Figure 36. Schematic diagram of induction heating reflow
• Figure 37. Types of conductive inks and applications
• Figure 38. Copper based inks on flexible substrate
• Figure 39. SWOT analysis for Printable semiconductors
• Figure 40. SWOT analysis for Printable sensor materials
• Figure 41. RFID Tag with Nano Copper Antenna on Paper
• Figure 42. SWOT analysis for flexible integrated circuits
• Figure 43. Fully-printed organic thin-film transistors and circuitry on one-micron-thick polymer films
• Figure 44. Flexible PCB
• Figure 45. SWOT analysis for Flexible batteries
• Figure 46. SWOT analysis for Flexible PV for energy harvesting
• Figure 47. SWOT analysis for printed, flexible and hybrid electronics in consumer electronics
• Figure 48. EmeTerm nausea relief wearable
• Figure 49. Embr Wave for cooling and warming
• Figure 50. dpl Wrist Wrap Light THerapy pain relief
• Figure 51. SWOT analysis for Wrist-worn wearables
• Figure 52. FitBit Sense Watch
• Figure 53. Wearable bio-fluid monitoring system for monitoring of hydration
• Figure 54. Nuheara IQbuds2 Max
• Figure 55. HP Hearing PRO OTC Hearing Aid
• Figure 56. SWOT analysis for Ear worn wearables (hearables)
• Figure 57. Beddr SleepTuner
• Figure 58. Global market for printed and flexible consumer electronics 2020-2035 by type (Volume)
• Figure 59. Global market revenues for Printed & Flexible consumer electronics, 2018-2035, (millions USD)
• Figure 60. SWOT analysis for printed, flexible and hybrid electronics in medical and healthcare/wellness
• Figure 61. Connected human body and product examples
• Figure 62. Companies and products in wearable health monitoring and rehabilitation devices and products
• Figure 63. Smart e-skin system comprising health-monitoring sensors, displays, and ultra flexible PLEDs
• Figure 64. Graphene medical patch
• Figure 65. Graphene-based E-skin patch
• Figure 66. SWOT analysis for printed and flexible electronics in skin patches
• Figure 67. Enfucell wearable temperature tag
• Figure 68. TempTraQ wearable wireless thermometer
• Figure 69. Technologies for minimally-invasive and non-invasive glucose detection
• Figure 70. Schematic of non-invasive CGM sensor
• Figure 71. Adhesive wearable CGM sensor
• Figure 72. VitalPatch
• Figure 73. Wearable ECG-textile
• Figure 74. Wearable ECG recorder
• Figure 75. NexkinTM
• Figure 76. Bloomlife
• Figure 77. Nanowire skin hydration patch
• Figure 78. NIX sensors
• Figure 79. Wearable sweat sensor
• Figure 80. Wearable graphene sweat sensor
• Figure 81. Gatorade's GX Sweat Patch
• Figure 82. Sweat sensor incorporated into face mask
• Figure 83. D-mine Pump
• Figure 84. Lab-on-SkinTM
• Figure 85. My UV Patch
• Figure 86. Overview layers of L'Oreal skin patch
• Figure 87. Brilliantly Warm
• Figure 88. Ava Fertility tracker
• Figure 89. S9 Pro breast pump
• Figure 90. Tempdrop
• Figure 91. Digitsole Smartshoe
• Figure 92. Schematic of smart wound dressing
• Figure 93. REPAIR electronic patch concept. Image courtesy of the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
• Figure 94. ABENA Nova smart diaper
• Figure 95. Honda Walking Assist
• Figure 96. ABLE Exoskeleton
• Figure 97. ANGEL-LEGS-M10
• Figure 98. AGADEXO Shoulder
• Figure 99. Enyware
• Figure 100. AWN-12 occupational powered hip exoskeleton
• Figure 101. CarrySuit passive upper-body exoskeleton
• Figure 102. Axosuit lower body medical exoskeleton
• Figure 103. FreeGait
• Figure 104. InMotion Arm
• Figure 105. Biomotum SPARK
• Figure 106. PowerWalk energy
• Figure 107. KeeogoTM
• Figure 108. MATE-XT
• Figure 109. CDYS passive shoulder support exoskeleton
• Figure 110. ALDAK
• Figure 111. HAL-R Lower Limb
• Figure 112. DARWING PA
• Figure 113. Dephy ExoBoot
• Figure 114. EksoNR
• Figure 115. Emovo Assist
• Figure 116. HAPO
• Figure 117. Atlas passive modular exoskeleton
• Figure 118. ExoAtlet II
• Figure 119. ExoHeaver
• Figure 120. Exy ONE
• Figure 121. ExoArm
• Figure 122. ExoMotus
• Figure 123. Gloreha Sinfonia
• Figure 124. BELK Knee Exoskeleton
• Figure 125. Apex exosuit
• Figure 126. Honda Walking Assist
• Figure 127. BionicBack
• Figure 128. Muscle Suit
• Figure 129.Japet.W powered exoskeleton
• Figure 130.Ski~Mojo
• Figure 131. AIRFRAME passive shoulder
• Figure 132.FORTIS passive tool holding exoskeleton
• Figure 133. Integrated Soldier Exoskeleton (UPRISE-R)
• Figure 134.UNILEXA passive exoskeleton
• Figure 135.HandTutor
• Figure 136.MyoPro-R
• Figure 137.Myosuit
• Figure 138. archelis wearable chair
• Figure 139.Chairless Chair
• Figure 140.Indego
• Figure 141. Polyspine
• Figure 142. Hercule powered lower body exoskeleton
• Figure 143. ReStore Soft Exo-Suit
• Figure 144. Hand of Hope
• Figure 145. REX powered exoskeleton
• Figure 146. Elevate Ski Exoskeleton
• Figure 147. UGO210 exoskeleton
• Figure 148. EsoGLOVE Pro
• Figure 149. Roki
• Figure 150. Powered Clothing
• Figure 151. Againer shock absorbing exoskeleton
• Figure 152. EasyWalk Assistive Soft Exoskeleton Walker
• Figure 153. Skel-Ex
• Figure 154. EXO-H3 lower limbs robotic exoskeleton
• Figure 155. Ikan Tilta Max Armor-Man 2
• Figure 156. AMADEO hand and finger robotic rehabilitation device
• Figure 157.Atalante autonomous lower-body exoskeleton
• Figure 158. Global Market for Printed and Flexible Medical & Healthcare Electronics 2020-2035 (Million Units)
• Figure 159. Global market for printed and flexible medical & healthcare electronics, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Figure 160. SWOT analysis for printed, flexible and hybrid electronics in E-textiles
• Figure 161. Timeline of the different generations of electronic textiles
• Figure 162. Examples of each generation of electronic textiles
• Figure 163. Conductive yarns
• Figure 164. H-Tee by H-Cube
• Figure 165. Electronics integration in textiles: (a) textile-adapted, (b) textile-integrated (c) textile-basd
• Figure 166. Stretchable polymer encapsulation microelectronics on textiles
• Figure 167. Conductive yarns
• Figure 168. Classification of conductive materials and process technology
• Figure 169. Structure diagram of Ti3C2Tx
• Figure 170. Structure of hexagonal boron nitride
• Figure 171. BN nanosheet textiles application
• Figure 172. SEM image of cotton fibers with PEDOT:PSS coating
• Figure 173. Schematic of inkjet-printed processes
• Figure 174: Silver nanocomposite ink after sintering and resin bonding of discrete electronic components
• Figure 175. Schematic summary of the formulation of silver conductive inks
• Figure 176. Copper based inks on flexible substrate
• Figure 177: Schematic of single-walled carbon nanotube
• Figure 178. Stretchable SWNT memory and logic devices for wearable electronics
• Figure 179. Graphene layer structure schematic
• Figure 180. BGT Materials graphene ink product
• Figure 181. PCM cooling vest
• Figure 182. SMPU-treated cotton fabrics
• Figure 183. Schematics of DIAPLEX membrane
• Figure 184. SMP energy storage textiles
• Figure 185. Nike x Acronym Blazer Sneakers
• Figure 186. Adidas 3D Runner Pump
• Figure 187. Under Armour Archi-TechFuturist
• Figure 188. Reebok Reebok Liquid Speed
• Figure 189. Radiate sports vest
• Figure 190. Adidas smart insole
• Figure 191. Applications of E-textiles
• Figure 192. EXO2 Stormwalker 2 Heated Jacket
• Figure 193. Flexible polymer-based heated glove, sock and slipper
• Figure 194. ThermaCell Rechargeable Heated Insoles
• Figure 195. Myant sleeve tracks biochemical indicators in sweat
• Figure 196. Flexible polymer-based therapeutic products
• Figure 197. iStimUweaR
• Figure 198. Digitsole Smartshoe
• Figure 199. Basketball referee Royole fully flexible display
• Figure 200. A mechanical glove, Robo-Glove, with pressure sensors and other sensors jointly developed by General Motors and NASA
• Figure 201. Power supply mechanisms for electronic textiles and wearables
• Figure 202. Micro-scale energy scavenging techniques
• Figure 203. Schematic illustration of the fabrication concept for textile-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) made by sewing textile electrodes onto cloth or paper
• Figure 204. 3D printed piezoelectric material
• Figure 205. Application of electronic textiles in AR/VR
• Figure 206. Global market for printed and flexible E-textiles and smart apparel electronics, 2020-2035 (Million Units)
• Figure 207. Global market for printed and flexible E-textiles and smart apparel electronics, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Figure 208. SWOT analysis for printed, flexible and hybrid electronics in energy
• Figure 209. Flexible batteries on the market
• Figure 210. Various architectures for flexible and stretchable electrochemical energy storage
• Figure 211. Types of flexible batteries
• Figure 212. Materials and design structures in flexible lithium ion batteries
• Figure 213. Flexible/stretchable LIBs with different structures
• Figure 214. a-c) Schematic illustration of coaxial (a), twisted (b), and stretchable (c) LIBs
• Figure 215. a) Schematic illustration of the fabrication of the superstretchy LIB based on an MWCNT/LMO composite fiber and an MWCNT/LTO composite fiber. b,c) Photograph (b) and the schematic illustration (c) of a stretchable fiber-shaped battery under stretching conditions. d) Schematic illustration of the spring-like stretchable LIB. e) SEM images of a fiberat different strains. f) Evolution of specific capacitance with strain. d-f)
• Figure 216. Origami disposable battery
• Figure 217. Zn-MnO2 batteries produced by Brightvolt
• Figure 218. Various applications of printed paper batteries
• Figure 219.Schematic representation of the main components of a battery
• Figure 220. Schematic of a printed battery in a sandwich cell architecture, where the anode and cathode of the battery are stacked together
• Figure 221. Sakuu's Swift Print 3D-printed solid-state battery cells
• Figure 222. Manufacturing Processes for Conventional Batteries (I), 3D Microbatteries (II), and 3D-Printed Batteries (III)
• Figure 223. Examples of applications of thin film batteries
• Figure 224. Capacities and voltage windows of various cathode and anode materials
• Figure 225. Traditional lithium-ion battery (left), solid state battery (right)
• Figure 226. Stretchable lithium-air battery for wearable electronics
• Figure 227. Ag-Zn batteries produced by Imprint Energy
• Figure 228. Transparent batteries
• Figure 229. Degradable batteries
• Figure 230 . Fraunhofer IFAM printed electrodes
• Figure 231. Ragone plots of diverse batteries and the commonly used electronics powered by flexible batteries
• Figure 232. Schematic of the structure of stretchable LIBs
• Figure 233. Electrochemical performance of materials in flexible LIBs
• Figure 234. Main printing methods for supercapacitors
• Figure 235. Schematic illustration of the fabrication concept for textile-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) made by sewing textile electrodes onto cloth or paper
• Figure 236. Origami-like silicon solar cells
• Figure 237. Schematic illustration of the fabrication concept for textile-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) made by sewing textile electrodes onto cloth or paper
• Figure 238. Concept of microwave-transparent heaters for automotive radars
• Figure 239. Defrosting and defogging transparent heater applications
• Figure 240. Global market for printed and flexible energy storage, generation and harvesting electronics, 2020-2035 by type (Volume)
• Figure 241. Global market for printed and flexible energy storage, generation and harvesting electronics, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Figure 242. LG Signature OLED TV R
• Figure 243. Flexible display
• Figure 244. SWOT analysis for printed and flexible displays
• Figure 245. f-OLED N-shaped folding display
• Figure 246. C SEED 37-inch N1 foldable TV
• Figure 247. DELL Ori
• Figure 248. Gloshine curved LED screen
• Figure 249. Huawei Mate X3
• Figure 250. LG Media Chair
• Figure 251. LG Virtual Ride
• Figure 252. Microsoft Surface Duo 2
• Figure 253. Motorola Razr
• Figure 254. Mirage smart speaker with wraparound touch display
• Figure 255. Samsung Galaxy Fold
• Figure 256. Vivo X Flip
• Figure 257. Organic LCD with a 10-mm bend radius
• Figure 258. Foldable organic light-emitting diode (OLED) panel
• Figure 259. AMOLED schematic
• Figure 260. LG rollable OLED TV
• Figure 261. OLED structure
• Figure 262. AU Optonics Flexible MicroLED Display
• Figure 263. Schematic of the TALT technique for wafer-level microLED transferring
• Figure 264. Foldable 4K C SEED M1
• Figure 265. Stamp-based transfer-printing techniques
• Figure 266: Flexible & stretchable LEDs based on quantum dots
• Figure 267. Samsung S-foldable display
• Figure 268. Samsung slideable display
• Figure 269. Samsung foldable battery patent schematic
• Figure 270. Rollable 65RX OLED TV
• Figure 271. Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Fold
• Figure 272. LG Chem foldable display
• Figure 273. Samsung Display Flex G folding smartphones
• Figure 274. Asus Foldable Phone
• Figure 275. Asus Zenbook 17 Fold
• Figure 276. Dell Concept Ori
• Figure 277. Intel Foldable phone
• Figure 278. ThinkPad X1 Fold
• Figure 279. Motorola Razr
• Figure 280. Oppo Find N folding phone
• Figure 281. Oppo Find N2 Flip
• Figure 282. Royole FlexPai 2
• Figure 283. Royole FlexPai 3 from CES 2024
• Figure 284. Galaxy Fold 3
• Figure 285. Samsung Galaxy Z Flip 3
• Figure 286. TCL Tri-Fold Foldable Phone
• Figure 287. TCL rollable phone
• Figure 288. Xiaomi Mi MIX Flex
• Figure 289. LG OLED flexible lighting panel
• Figure 290. Flexible OLED incorporated into automotive headlight
• Figure 291. Audi 2022 A8
• Figure 292. Electrophoretic display applications
• Figure 293. Passive reflective displays with flexibility
• Figure 294. Plastic Logic 5.4" IridisTM display
• Figure 295. Argil electrochromic film integrated with polycarbonate lenses
• Figure 296. Transparent and flexible metamaterial film developed by Sekishi Chemical
• Figure 297. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of several metalens antenna forms
• Figure 298. Design concepts of soft mechanical metamaterials with large negative swelling ratios and tunable stress-strain curves
• Figure 299. Different transparent displays and transmittance limitations
• Figure 300. 7.56" high transparency & frameless Micro-LED display
• Figure 301. AUO's 13.5-inch transparent RGB microLED display
• Figure 302. 17.3-inch transparent microLED AI display in a Taiwan Ferry
• Figure 303. Global market for printed and flexible displays, 2020-2035 by type (Volume)
• Figure 304. Global market for printed and flexible displays, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Figure 305. SWOT analysis for printed, flexible and hybrid electronics in automotive
• Figure 306. Automotive display concept
• Figure 307. Mercedes MBUX Hyperscreen
• Figure 308. AUO Smart Cockpit with 55-inch pillar-to-pillar curved display
• Figure 309. Cadillac XT4 33-inch curved LED touchscreen display
• Figure 310. Continental Curved Ultrawide Display
• Figure 311. Hyundai 2024 Sonata panoramic curved display
• Figure 312. Peugeot 3008 fastback SUV curved wide-screen display
• Figure 313. TCL CSOT single, continuous flexible curved automotive display panel
• Figure 314. AUO automotive display
• Figure 315. Micro-LED automotive display
• Figure 316. Issues in current commercial automotive HUD
• Figure 317. Rear lamp utilizing flexible Micro-LEDs
• Figure 318. SWOT analysis for integrated antennas with printed electronics in automotive
• Figure 319. Global Market for Automotive Electronics (Million Units)
• Figure 320. Global market for printed and flexible automotive electronics, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Figure 321. Global market for printed/flexible sensors 2020-2035 by market (Volume in Millions of Units)
• Figure 322. Global market for printed/flexible sensors 2020-2035 by type (Billions USD)
• Figure 323. SWOT analysis for printed, flexible and hybrid electronics in smart buildings and construction. Source: Future Markets
• Figure 324. Use of sensors in smart buildings
• Figure 325. Global market for printed and flexible smart buildings electronics, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Figure 326. Active and Intelligent packaging classification
• Figure 327. Smart packaging for detecting bacteria growth in milk containers
• Figure 328. RFID tags with printed silver antennas on paper substrates
• Figure 329. Smart card incorporating an ultra-thin battery
• Figure 330. RFID ultra micro battery
• Figure 331. SWOT analysis for printed, flexible and hybrid electronics in smart packaging
• Figure 332. Active packaging film
• Figure 333. Anti-counterfeiting smart label
• Figure 334. Security tag developed by Nanotech Security
• Figure 335. Fundamental principle of a gas sensor for detecting CO2 (gas) after food spoilage
• Figure 336. A standard RFID system
• Figure 337. RFID functions and applications of silver nanoparticle inks
• Figure 338. OHMEGA Conductive Ink + Touchcode box
• Figure 339. Wiliot RFID
• Figure 340. Smart blister pack
• Figure 341. Global market for printed and flexible smart packaging electronics 2020-2035 by type (Volume)
• Figure 342. Global market for printed and flexible smart packaging electronics, 2020-2035, millions of US dollars
• Figure 343. 24M battery
• Figure 344. 3DOM battery
• Figure 345. Libre 3
• Figure 346. Abbott Lingo wearable
• Figure 347. Libre Sense Glucose Sport Biowearable
• Figure 348. AC biode prototype
• Figure 349. AcuPebble SA100
• Figure 350. Vitalgram-R
• Figure 351. BioMan+
• Figure 352. EXO Glove
• Figure 353. e-Tint-R cell in the (a) OFF and in the (b) ON states
• Figure 354. Alertgy NICGM wristband
• Figure 355. ALLEVX
• Figure 356. Gastric Alimetry
• Figure 357. Alva Health stroke monitor
• Figure 358. amofit S
• Figure 359. Ampcera's all-ceramic dense solid-state electrolyte separator sheets (25 um thickness, 50mm x 100mm size, flexible and defect free, room temperature ionic conductivity ~1 mA/cm)
• Figure 360. Amprius battery products
• Figure 361. MIT and Amorepacific's chip-free skin sensor
• Figure 362. All-polymer battery schematic
• Figure 363. All Polymer Battery Module
• Figure 364. Resin current collector
• Figure 365. SigiTM Insulin Management System
• Figure 366. The Apollo wearable device
• Figure 367. Apos3
• Figure 368. Piezotech-R FC
• Figure 369. PowerCoat-R paper
• Figure 370. Artemis is smart clothing system
• Figure 371. KneeStim
• Figure 372. LED hooded jacket
• Figure 373. Heated element module
• Figure 374. Ateios thin-film, printed battery
• Figure 375. Printable NTC Temperature Sensor
• Figure 376. 1.39-inch full-circle Micro-LED display
• Figure 377. 9.4" flexible Micro-LED display
• Figure 378. Cyclops HMD
• Figure 379. PaciBreath
• Figure 380. Avery Dennison smart labels
• Figure 381. AD PureTM Line [Sustainable UHF RFID tags and inlays]
• Figure 382. Structure of Azalea Vision's smart contact lens
• Figure 383. BeFC-R biofuel cell and digital platform
• Figure 384. Belun-R Ring
• Figure 385. Evo Patch
• Figure 386. Neuronaute wearable
• Figure 387. biped.ai device
• Figure 388. 3D printed lithium-ion battery
• Figure 389. Blue Solution module
• Figure 390. TempTraq wearable patch
• Figure 391. BOE Mini-LED display TV
• Figure 392. BOE Mini-LED automotive display
• Figure 393. circul+ smart ring
• Figure 394. Brewer Science printed water sensor
• Figure 395. C2Sense sensors
• Figure 396. Cala Trio
• Figure 397. Transparent 3D touch control with LED lights and LED matrix
• Figure 398. Large transparent heater for LiDAR
• Figure 399. Cionic Neural Sleeve
• Figure 400. Carhartt X-1 Smart Heated Vest
• Figure 401. Coachwhisperer device
• Figure 402. Cognito's gamma stimulation device
• Figure 403. Cogwear headgear
• Figure 404. CardioWatch 287
• Figure 405. Graphene dress. The dress changes colour in sync with the wearer's breathing
• Figure 406. Cymbet EnerChipTM
• Figure 407. Descante Solar Thermo insulated jacket
• Figure 408. G+ Graphene Aero Jersey
• Figure 409. Diabeloop wearable
• Figure 410. Inkjet printed OPV module
• Figure 411. First Relief
• Figure 412. FRENZTM Brainband
• Figure 413. NightOwl Home Sleep Apnea Test Device
• Figure 414. Jewel Patch Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator
• Figure 415. P-Flex-R Flexible Circuit
• Figure 416. enFuse
• Figure 417. Roll-to-roll equipment working with ultrathin steel substrate
• Figure 418. EOPatch
• Figure 419. Epilog
• Figure 420. eQ02+LIfeMontor
• Figure 421. noDiffusion OLED encapsulation film
• Figure 422. TAeTTOOz printable battery materials
• Figure 423. FDK Corp battery
• Figure 424. Cove wearable device
• Figure 425. HiFlex strain/pressure sensor
• Figure 426. FloPatch
• Figure 427. KiTT motion tracking knee sleeve
• Figure 428. 2D paper batteries
• Figure 429. 3D Custom Format paper batteries
• Figure 430. Fuji carbon nanotube products
• Figure 431. German bionic exoskeleton
• Figure 432. UnlimitedHand
• Figure 433. Healables app-controlled electrotherapy device
• Figure 434. Helio materials incorporated into flexible displays
• Figure 435. Apex Exosuit
• Figure 436. Hinge Health wearable therapy devices
• Figure 437. MYSA - 'Relax Shirt'
• Figure 438. Humanox Shin Guard
• Figure 439. Airvida E1
• Figure 440. Sensor surface
• Figure 441. ZincPolyTM technology
• Figure 442. In2tec's fully recyclable flexible circuit board assembly
• Figure 443. Footrax
• Figure 444. Flexible microLED
• Figure 445. eMacula-R
• Figure 446. Printed moisture sensors
• Figure 447. G2 Pro
• Figure 448. Atusa system
• Figure 449. ITEN micro batteries
• Figure 450. Soluboard immersed in water
• Figure 451. Infineon PCB before and after immersion
• Figure 452. Kenzen ECHO Smart Patch
• Figure 453. The Kernel Flow headset
• Figure 454. REFLEX
• Figure 455. KnowUTM
• Figure 456. HyperfluorescenceTM OLED display
• Figure 457. LG Display Stretchable displays
• Figure 458. LiBEST flexible battery
• Figure 459. LifeSpan patch
• Figure 460. Flexible Biocompatible pH Sensor from Linxens
• Figure 461. Ring ZERO
• Figure 462. LumeoLoop device
• Figure 463. Lyten batteries
• Figure 464. Mawi Heart Patch
• Figure 465. WalkAid
• Figure 466. MonarchTM Wireless Wearable Biosensor
• Figure 467. MetaSCOPE
• Figure 468. HICARDI system
• Figure 469. Modoo device
• Figure 470. Movesense ECG monitor
• Figure 471. Munevo Drive
• Figure 472. Electroskin integration schematic
• Figure 473. Modius Sleep wearable device
• Figure 474. Neuphony Headband
• Figure 475. Nextiles' compression garments
• Figure 476. Nextiles e-fabric
• Figure 477. Nix Biosensors patch
• Figure 478. Ayo wearable light therapy
• Figure 479. Nowatch
• Figure 480 .Nuada
• Figure 481. ONA DM
• Figure 482. ORII smart ring
• Figure 483. Otolith wearable device
• Figure 484. Oxitone 1000M
• Figure 485. Palarum PUP smart socks
• Figure 486. BEYOLEXTM film
• Figure 487. 55" flexible AM panel
• Figure 488. Peerbridge Cor
• Figure 489. 9.4" flexible MicroLED display
• Figure 490. 7.56-inch transparent Micro LED display
• Figure 491. Point Fit Technology skin patch
• Figure 492. Printed battery
• Figure 493. Printed Energy flexible battery
• Figure 494. Proxxi Voltage
• Figure 495. ProLogium solid-state battery
• Figure 496. Sylvee 1.0
• Figure 497. RealWear HMT-1
• Figure 498. RootiRx
• Figure 499. Micro-LED stretchable display
• Figure 500. Sylvee 1.0
• Figure 501. SES Apollo batteries
• Figure 502. Silvertree Reach
• Figure 503. Smardii smart diaper
• Figure 504. Moonwalkers from Shift Robotics Inc
• Figure 505. SnowCookie device
• Figure 506. Softmatter compression garment
• Figure 507. Softmatter sports bra with a woven ECG sensor
• Figure 508. Soter device
• Figure 509. Femsense patch
• Figure 510. MoCap Pro Glove
• Figure 511. Subcuject
• Figure 512. 3D printed electronics
• Figure 513. Tactotek IME device
• Figure 514. TactoTek-R IMSE-R SiP - System In Package
• Figure 515. TCL Mini-LED TV schematic
• Figure 516. TCL 8K Mini-LED TV
• Figure 517. The Cinema Wall Micro-LED display
• Figure 518. Teslasuit
• Figure 519. Nerivio
• Figure 520. Feelzing Energy Patch
• Figure 521. 7.56" Transparent Display
• Figure 522. 7.56" Flexible Micro-LED
• Figure 523. 5.04" seamless splicing Micro LED
• Figure 524. 7.56" Transparent Micro LED
• Figure 525. A sample of TracXon's printed lighting circuitry
• Figure 526. Ultrahuman wearable glucose monitor
• Figure 527. Vaxxas patch
• Figure 528. S-Patch Ex
• Figure 529. Wiliot tags
• Figure 530. Zeit Medical Wearable Headband